Book chapter based on Master of Water Resources Professional Project.In this chapter we focus on problems of inter-state cooperation and conflict around a transboundary water basin, namely the Kura-Araks. This river basin ... comprises the major river system in the South Caucasus. Both rivers originate in Turkey and flow into the Caspian Sea after joining in Azerbaijan. The Kura-Araks is one of the 'new' transboundary river systems of the former 'Second World' whose problems are largely terra incognita (van Harten 2002)