2002-2003 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Qian, ZM

Wang, JD

Yuan, QP

PolyU Institutional Repository

????????王见冬1　袁其朋1 　钱忠明21(??????????? , ?? , 100029)　2(????????????????? ,??)?　?　萝卜硫素(1-异硫氰酸-4-甲磺酰基丁烷)是蔬菜中所发现的抗癌效果最好的植物活性物质 , 能够刺激人或动物细胞产生仅对身体有益的Ⅱ型酶 , 同时抑制Ⅰ型酶的产生 ,使细胞形成对抗外来致癌物浸蚀的膜 , 达到抗癌效果。本文主要对萝卜硫素的抗癌机制 、生理功能 、生产方法做了详细说明。???　萝卜硫素 , 抗癌机制 ,生产方法????:?????。????:2002-07-30 ,????:2002-12-16　　???????????? ,????????? ,??????? 、???????? ,???? ,????? 、?????????????????????????? ,????????? 、??????????? 、????????????????????? 、????? 。?????????????????。??????????????? ,????(??? 、???? 、???????? 、?? 、?? 、????????)???????(glucosinolates ,?? GLs)。???????(??????)??????????(myrosinase)????? , ??????(sulforaphen , ??SF),???????????????????。??????“????” ,???????? ,?????????? ,???? ,?????? 177.3 ,??? C6H11S2NO ,?????:SCNSO?????????? , ?????[ 1 ,2]??Ⅱ???? ———???????????? ,????????????? ,???????? 。??? ,?????????????? 。????????????????????? ,??????????????? 。????????????? 、???????????。1　萝卜硫素抗癌机理[ 3 , 4] 及其生理功能1.1　?????????????????????????????? ,????????????? 。???????? ,?????????????????????。????????????????????????????????:?????????????? ,?????????????????????。??????? ,??? Ⅱ??????????? 。??????????? ,????? DNA ,????????? 。?????????????:(1)?Ⅱ????? 。??????????? Ⅱ?? ,????? Ⅰ?? ,??Ⅰ??????????? ,??????。(2)? Ⅱ???????????? 。????? ,??????????:①?????????????????? ,??76???????　　Food and Fermentation Industries　　Vol.29　No.2???????DOI :10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/t s.2003.02.018????????????? ,???????????;??????????? ,??????;???????????????? ,???????????? 。②????????????????????????? ,?????????????? ,???????????????????? ,???????? ,????????———??????。1.2　?????????? ,???????? 、?? 、??? 、??? 、???????????????。????? 6d ????????????[ 1] :??????????????????????? Ⅱ???? ———???????(GST)?????(QR),?????????????? ,???????????? 。?????? ,?????????????。2　萝卜硫素的制备方法??????????????????????????? ,?????????。??????????????????。2.1　?????????[ 5]??????????????????? ,?????????????。2.1.1　全化学合成法??????????????? ,???? 1?? 。? 1　???????????　　????????????????? ,????????? ,?????? 。2.1.2　化学法与酶法结合生产萝卜硫素??????? ,???????????????? ,?? 1%～ 2%,????????????? ,??????????????? 40% ～ 50%。?????HPLC ?????????????????????? ,?????????? 。?????? , Iori? Bernardi?????????????(????????? ,???????????? 3%)???????????[ 6](?? 2 ??)。?????? ,????????????????????????? ,????? ,????????????。2.2　?????????????????????????????? ,?????????(?? 3??[ 7])。????????????????? ,??????????;?? ,???????????????????? ,??????????———????????? ,?????? 4? ,?????????77? 29 ?　? 2 ?　　????:???????????????(SF)??????(SFN),pH 、?? 、???? 、????(Fe2+ 、Fe3+)、??????????????? 。????????? 、??????? 、??????????????????? 。2.2.1　原料的选择? 2　????????????????? 3　???????????????????　　???????? ,???????????———??????????? ,?????????????????????。???????? ,????????(GLs)????????;?????????? ,GLs ????????????;?? 、? 、????????? GLs ?????? ,?????????????;?????????? GLs ?????????? ,???? 10 ～ 100? 。?????????? ,????????? 、???????????????????。?? ,??????? 、??????????????????。?????? ,??? 71?????????? ,????????????????? 30??? ,????????????? ,???????????????? ,??????????????? ,????????? ,???????????????????????? ,?????????????? 100? ,??????? 。????????? ,????? ,?????????????? ,?????????? ,??????????? 。2.2.2　酶的来源???????? ,???????????????????? ,???????????????? 。?????????????? ,???????(??????)? ,??????? 。?????? ,????????????????? ,????????:? 1kg ??????? ,?????? , 2?????? ,? 5℃??????????????? ,????????? ,???????(?-20℃?????)。2.2.3　水解条件[ 8 , 9] 对萝卜硫素和萝卜硫素腈比例的影响?????????????????????? ,????????? 。????:(1)?? 、? pH ?????????????????(?????????)???? ,?? pH? 5 ～ 7 ,????????????;(2)????? ,????????????;???????? ,?????????????;(3)????????? ,????????? 。???? ,?????????? 、????????????78???????　　Food and Fermentation Industries　　Vol.29　No.2??????????????? ,?????????????????? 。?? ,?????????? ,??????????? ,????Brigadier broccoli ?????????????? ,??????????????;?? ,?????????? ,??????????? ,?????????????????。2.2.4　萝卜硫素的分离纯化???? ,???????????????????? ,????????? ,?????????(HPLC)、?????????(GC-MS), FAB-MS 、????????????????????? 。DavideBertelli[ 10]??????????????? ,????:青花椰菜的葡萄糖莱菔子苷 有机溶剂萃取 粗制萝卜硫素 固相萃取 精制萝卜硫素?????? ,?????????????????? ,????????????? ,? 110μg/g 。???? ,????? ,??? ,???????? 。?????? ,Nathan[ 8]???????????????????????????????????? 。?????:　　干种子 己烷脱脂 ,干燥 脱脂种子酶解水解物 亚甲基氧化物萃取 萝卜硫素 干燥后用质量分数 5%丙酮腈溶解且用过量己烷洗涤移入制备型 HPLC 纯化的萝卜硫素与萝卜硫素腈??????????????????? ,? 75.9mmol/kg??? ,?? kg ????? 33.2 g ??????? 。???? ,??????? 4.8 g ????/kg ??? 、3.83 g ?????/kg ???。????????? ,???????????????????。2.2.5　萝卜硫素分析方法比较??????????:??????(HPLC)、????(GC)[ 9] 、????????????(GC/MS)[ 11] 。??????? ,HPLC ????? ,????? ,????? 、????;GC/MS??????? ,?????????????? ,?????????? ,????? ,???????????? ,???????。3　萝卜硫素的研究现状及其应用前景???????????????????:??????????????????????????????????????????? ,???????????????????;??????????????????? ,????;?????????? ,?????????????????? ,??? Ⅱ????? 。?????? ,?????????????????????? ,???????????????。?? 、?????? 20 ??50???????????????????? ,????????? ,???????? 、????????????? ,???????? ,??????? ,??????????????????????????。? ? ? ?1　Zhang Yuesheng , Paul Talalay , Cheon-gyu Cho etal.P roceedings of the National Academy of Sci-ences of the United S tates of America , 1992 , 89(3):2 399～ 2 4032　Fahey W , Zhang Yuesheng , Paul Talalay.Pro-ceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of theUnited States of America , 1997 , 94(9):10367 ～10 3723　Zhang Yuesheng , Thomas W K , Cheon-gyu Choet al.P roceedings of the National Academy of Sci-ences of the United States of America , 1994 , 91(8):3 147～ 3 1504　Laurence Gamet-pay rastre , Li Peng fei , Solange Let al.Cancer Research , 2000 , 60(3):1 426 ～79? 29 ?　? 2 ?　　????:???????????????1 4335　James W , Man-shing Wong.Journal of OrganicChemistry American Chemical Society , 1994 , 59:597 ～ 6016　Io ro R , Bernardi R, Guey rard D et al.Bioorg anicand Medicinal Chemistry Letters , 1999 , 10:1 047～ 1 0487　Manuela Visentin , Aldo Tava , Renato Lori et al.Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 1992 ,40(9):1 687～ 1 6918　Nathan V M , Matthew A W , John A J et al.Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 2001 ,49(4):1 867～ 1 8729　Lenora A H , Elizabeth H E , Matthew A et al.Journal o f Food Science , 1997 , 62(6):1 098 ～1 10410　William C K C , Donald J P.Journal of Ag ricul-tur al and Food Chemistry , 1998 , 46(3):1 018 ～1 02111　Mosbah M Kushad , Allan F B , Anne C K et al.Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 1999 ,47(4):1 541～ 1 548The New Advances in SulforaphenWang Jiandong1 　Yuan Qipeng1 　Qian Zhongming21(Depar tment of Pharmaceutical Eng ineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing , 100029)2(Depar tment of Chemistry Science and Applied Biology , Hong Kong Poly technic University ,HK)ABSTRACT　Sulfo raphen[ 1-isothiocyanato-4-(methysulf iny)-butane] can be obtained in crucifer-ous vegetables as one of the products of enzymatic or acid hydroly sis of glucoraphanin ,which hasbeen indentificafied the best anticarcinogenic activity .The chemprotect ive effect of sulforaphen isthought to be related to its ability as a monofunctional inducer w hich can induce the product ion ofbeneficial phase Ⅱ enzyme to human organimism selectively wi thout the induction of phase Ⅰ en-zyme , and the former can urge cells to form the membrance to act against those ex ternal chemicalcarcinogenesis.In this paper , a review was presented on the anticarcinogenic mechanisms , physio-logical function and the methods in detail as well as the isolation and purification roughly.Key words　sulforaphen , anticarcinogenic mechanisms , product ion method????????????????　　　　　我国绿色食品的持续快速发展中 , 区域优势开始显现 , 部分地方已形成绿色食品集中产区。在全国同类产品中 ,黑龙江 、吉林 、江苏 3 省绿色大米占 48.0%;内蒙古 、黑龙江的绿色乳制品占全国的 41.4%;湖南 、福建 、江西的绿色茶叶占全国的 52.2%;山东 、福建 、河北 、北京的绿色蔬菜占全国的 30.6%。2002 年 ,我国绿色食品总量规模进一步扩大 ,产业水平逐步提升 , 品牌效应不断增强。 2002 年 ,全国共有749家企业的 1 239 个产品获得绿色食品标志使用权。到 2002 年底 , 绿色食品企业总数达到 1 756 个 , 产品总数达到 3 046 个 , 其中 A级产品 2 978 个 , AA 级产品 68 个;产品实物总量 2 500 万 t ,产品销售额达到 597亿元 ,出口额达 8.4 亿美元 , 出口率为 11.6%。统计数据显示 ,我国绿色食品发展呈现出一些突出特点:继续保持高速增长 ,产品开发加快。与 2001 年相比 , 2002年获得绿色食品标志使用权的企业增长 39.7%, 产品增长 25.7%,分别提高 25.9%和 5.3%。企业总数和产品总数分别增长 44.4%和 26.9%。产品实物总量增长 25%,销售额增长 19.4%, 出口额增长1.1倍 ,产地环境监测面积扩大 15%。产业整体水平显著提升 , 产品结构不断优化。深加工产品的比重占 42.1%, 初加工产品占 26.4%, 初级产品占 31.5%。企业实力增强 ,年产值超过 5 000 万元的企业超过 400 家 ,约占绿色食品生产企业的 1/ 5;首批 151 家国家级农业产业化经营重点龙头企业中 ,绿色食品企业有 56 家 ,占 37.1%。主要产品产量占我国同类产品的比重逐步提高 ,初步测算 , 大米占 1.42%, 面粉占 0.61%,食用植物油占 0.86%, 水果占 1.1%, 茶叶占 6.6%, 液体乳及乳制品占 35.7%。80???????　　Food and Fermentation Industries　　Vol.29　No.2???????

The new advances in sulforaphen

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