Belkacem, Rachid

Centre d'Estudis Sociològics sobre la Vida Quotidiana i el Treball

Kornig, Cathel

Michon, François

Nosbonne, Christophe

Scalvinoni, Benoit

Diposit Digital de Documents de la UAB

1 Posting workers in UE. Cross border Temporary Agency Work in SAAR-LOR-LUX. Rachid Belkacem , Cathel Kornig , François Michon , Christophe Nosbonne, et Benoit Scalvinoni rachid.belkacem@univ-lorraine.fr, cathel.kornig@icloud.com, fmichon@univ-paris1.fr, christophe.nosbonne@univ-lorraine.fr, benoit.scalvinoni@univ-lorraine.fr International Working Party on Labour Market Segmentation - Barcelona, July 2016 2 Definitions q  Saar-Lor-Lux (SLL): Luxembourg + BelgianWallonia + German Saarland and Rheineland Pfalz + French Lorraine q  Posted work: « an employee who is sent by his employer to carry out a service in another EU Member State on a temporary basis ». Ø Temporary agency work is one of  the 3 kind of  posted work q  Border worker: « every people which has a job (employee of  independent) in a member-state and is resident in another member-state, where he or she comes back every day, or, at less, one time a week » q See: Belkacem, Kornig, Michon, Nosbonne et Scalvinoni (forthcoming), «  Les pratiques de détachements de travailleurs en Union européenne : importance formes et enjeux. Le cas de la grande région Sarre-Lor-Lux », IRES – Agence d’objectif  et Force Ouvrière. rachid.belkacem@univ-lorraine.fr, cathel.kornig@icloud.com, fmichon@univ-paris1.fr, christophe.nosbonne@univ-lorraine.fr, benoit.scalvinoni@univ-lorraine.fr International Working Party on Labour Market Segmentation - Barcelona, July 2016 3 Posted workers in UE (2014)  rachid.belkacem@univ-lorraine.fr, cathel.kornig@icloud.com, fmichon@univ-paris1.fr, christophe.nosbonne@univ-lorraine.fr,  blue =  destination country  orange = supplier country International Working Party on Labour Market Segmentation - Barcelona, July 2016 q Luxembourg, the richer member state, exports  posted workforce more than it imports 4 Cross border work in Luxembourg: a fast increase ü Blue : from France ü Grey: from Belgium ü Green: from Germany rachid.belkacem@univ-lorraine.fr, cathel.kornig@icloud.com, fmichon@univ-paris1.fr, christophe.nosbonne@univ-lorraine.fr International Working Party on Labour Market Segmentation - Barcelona, July 2016 Source : Université du Luxembourg d'après les données IGSS/CCSS0200004000060000800001000001200001400001600001800001974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014frontaliers venant de Francefrontaliers venant de Belgiquefrontaliers venant d'Allemagne5 Cross border work in Luxembourg q In Saar-Lor Lux (SLL) Ø Luxembourg is the first destination of  cross borders §  (44% of  its work force, 69% are agency workers) Ø Lorraine is the main supplier §  #7 to 8% of   its work force, 70% towards Luxembourg, §  Little French border towns can have 80% of  cross borders, working in Luxembourg rachid.belkacem@univ-lorraine.fr, cathel.kornig@icloud.com, fmichon@univ-paris1.fr, christophe.nosbonne@univ-lorraine.fr, benoit.scalvinoni@univ-lorraine.fr  International Working Party on Labour Market Segmentation - Barcelona, July 2016 6 TAWork in Luxembourg  q       # 8100 TAWorkers q Of  which # 69% of  cross borders workers q Mainly French residents q Relatively youngs rachid.belkacem@univ-lorraine.fr, cathel.kornig@icloud.com, fmichon@univ-paris1.fr, christophe.nosbonne@univ-lorraine.fr,  International Working Party on Labour Market Segmentation - Barcelona, July 2016 7 Posting from Luxembourg to Lorraine 31385 37913031591 1266811159351111911222534181361293127405 47805001000150020002500300035004000Agriculture BTPHCRIndustrieSpectacleIntérimIntra groupeAutreAllemagneBelgiqueLuxembourgPortugalAutresTotalrachid.belkacem@univ-lorraine.fr, cathel.kornig@icloud.com, fmichon@univ-paris1.fr, christophe.nosbonne@univ-lorraine.fr,  Table 3: PSI in Lorraine 2014. Distribution per country of  origin and business sector (Source : Direccte – URACTI, 2015 )  International Working Party on Labour Market Segmentation - Barcelona, July 2016 8 Who? q Blue collars q Rather skilled q Loyal to their agency q Assignments with relatively long duration (> it is usual in France) q Seem satisfied of  their working conditions rachid.belkacem@univ-lorraine.fr, cathel.kornig@icloud.com, fmichon@univ-paris1.fr, christophe.nosbonne@univ-lorraine.fr,  International Working Party on Labour Market Segmentation - Barcelona, July 2016 9 Why?  rachid.belkacem@univ-lorraine.fr, cathel.kornig@icloud.com, fmichon@univ-paris1.fr, christophe.nosbonne@univ-lorraine.fr,  International Working Party on Labour Market Segmentation - Barcelona, July 2016 q Regulation =  Ø Luxembourgian and French regulation of  agency work §  Highly protective in the two cases Ø UE regulation of  posted work Ø Labour rules (wages : minimum wages, equal treatment…): the rules of  the work place Ø Social security contributions: the rules of  the employer country §  Key point: the financing of  social security §  general taxation in Luxembourg : without direct costs for firms (agencies) §  Employers and employees contributions in France: direct cost for firms q => Labour costs:  §  Luxembourg : high protection, higher wages, lower prices §   France high protection, lower wages, higher prices. 10 A work force management in the area q Today, local roots may seem less decisive than before for TWAgencies: ü Agencies of  the same network (the same brand) can share their files of  demanders and suppliers: an European market area ü Luxembourgian agencies have a close and regular collaboration with Pôle Emploi (the French public employment service) q But it also can be observed the importance of  local roots: ü 41 private TWAgencies operating in the “little” Luxembourgian market ü 32 TWA store in the little Luxembourgian town ESCH Alzette near the border ü Key point: The place of  signature of  the assignment contract decides of  the applied regulation : a store in France depending of  a Luxembourgian agency proposes luxembourgian contracts: high wages, good social security rachid.belkacem@univ-lorraine.fr, cathel.kornig@icloud.com, fmichon@univ-paris1.fr, christophe.nosbonne@univ-lorraine.fr,  International Working Party on Labour Market Segmentation - Barcelona, July 2016 11 So we have this frequent situation:  Ø A French worker (resident in France) Ø Signs a contract with a Luxembourgian agency §  In its office localised in France Ø Has an assignment in a French firm, in a plant localised in France (in Lorraine or elsewhere) Ø Is depending of  the Luxembourgian regulation: wages, social security Ø Except for working conditions: the French rules of  equal treatment, health and security, controls by the French administration rachid.belkacem@univ-lorraine.fr, cathel.kornig@icloud.com, fmichon@univ-paris1.fr, christophe.nosbonne@univ-lorraine.fr,  International Working Party on Labour Market Segmentation - Barcelona, July 2016 12 A win-win system or a social dumping? q Employers Ø Luxembourger: a win-win system Ø French: an unfair competition, a social dumping q French unions q French Labour inspectorate rachid.belkacem@univ-lorraine.fr, cathel.kornig@icloud.com, fmichon@univ-paris1.fr, christophe.nosbonne@univ-lorraine.fr,  International Working Party on Labour Market Segmentation - Barcelona, July 2016 

Posting workers in UE. Cross border temporary agency work in SAAR-LOR-LUX

https://ddd.uab.cat/pub/presentacions/2016/165341/5A_Michon-Posting_workers_in_UE.pdf

Posting workers in UE. Cross border temporary agency work in SAAR-LOR-LUX

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