Estarriola Compte, Alba

Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Facultat de Veterinària

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ENDOMETRITIS POSTINSEMINATION IN DONKEY AND WAYS TO CONTROL ITAlba Estarriola CompteJune 2016INTRODUCTIONArtificial insemination with frozen semen in jennies is associated to few pregnancy rates. The main cause can be the high immune response in theendometrium. Jennies are more likely to get acute endometritis postinsemination than mares when the used semen is frozen. This is due to anatomic,histologic and physiologic differences of the reproductive tracts of both species. These endometritis are a cause of infertility because they generate a baduterine environment. It is a reaction to specific species and varies depending on the type of insemination, semen quality and where it is deposited duringAI.OBJECTIVESThe aim of this study is to analyse the factors involved in the endometrial inflammatory response in jennies and the available treatments, to optimizethe artificial insemination protocols with frozen semen and to improve the results of this reproductive technology in jennies.Reproductive characteristics jennies vs mares Artificial insemination with frozen semenJennies MaresHeterotypical behaviour uncommonOestrus cycle is not affected by the season Seasonally polyestrusOestrus cycle 23-25 dies Oestrus cycle 21-22 diesCLs homogeneous echogenic texture CLs non-echogenic central areaOestrus behaviour: predictive of ovulation Oestrus behaviour: not predictiveFemale species Fresh semen diluted with milk and cold (2 males)Frozen semen with 2.2% glycerol (6 males)Jennies 9/20 (45%) 4/38 (11%)Mares 33/73 (45%) 18/50 (36%)Induced endometritis by frozen semenCONCLUSIONSCervical and epithelialendometrial cellsCOX-2 activationProstaglandins PGF 2Activation of complementMacrophages, monocytes and lymphocytesProinflammatory cytokines, chemokines,vascular permeabilityPMN uterine lumenUnion spz-PMNSeminal componentsIn vitro modelWhen frozen semen is used itproduces an inflammatoryresponse, not only because ofthe presence of spermatozoids,but also because of theelimination of inmunomodulatorproteins that exist in the seminalplasma and the addition ofextenders.Role of seminal plasmaTreatment of endometritisKetoprofen is a strong inhibitor of the COX-2 expression in the stratum compactum, butdonkeys have a low tissue distribution and a rapid elimination.An improvement in the fertility of Jennies when frozen semen is diluted in seminal plasmawas observed, with an increase of 61.5% in jennies fertility.A high concentration of spermatozoids causes PMN saturation and free spermatozoids areable to fertilize. When a deep-horn intrauterine insemination is used, spermatozoids aredeposited along the oviduct helping to avoid contact with PMN.Jenny’s cervix Mare’s cervixSeminal plasma is notnecessary for fertilization tooccur, but it facilitatesinteractions between themost competent malegametes and the uterus.Seminal plasma hasfavourable effects on spermmotility and endometrialinflammatory response, as itreduces the union ofspermatozoids-PMN andinhibits COX-2 geneexpression at the luminalepithelium and stratumcompactum.Netrophil activated by SPDegranulated neutrophilsactivated by FMLPThe cleaning mechanisms of the jennies uterus are different than mares. The presence of eosinophils in the stratum compactum seems to be acharacteristic of the endometrium in healthy oestrus jennies not observed in mares.The role of seminal plasma on the control of endometrial inflammation post AI with frozen semen seems to be important.Ketoprofen IV is able to reduce COX-2 expression post AI, but not to control PMN amount and activity.The combination of high frozen sperm concentration, Deep-horn intrauterine AI, and the addition of seminal plasma, with or without Ketoprofenadministration as an AI protocol, might improve pregnancy rates in jennies when semen is frozen.For the cryopreservation of semen it is necessary to removeseminal plasma and add extensors and cryoprotectors. Freezinginduces cryogenic damage on spermatozoids and producesphysical and chemical changes in the sperm membrane.

Endometritis postinsemination in donkey and ways to control it

https://ddd.uab.cat/pub/tfg/2016/168373/TFG_aestarriolacompte_poster.pdf

Endometritis postinsemination in donkey and ways to control it

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