A single-subject, multiple-baseline across behaviors study examined the effectiveness of a modified version of Attention Process Training – II (APT-II) to treat attention in an individual with a history of multiple ischemic small-vessel infarcts and a diagnosis of probable CADASIL [cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencoephalopathy]. Results are examined with respect to the utility of APT-II to effect both short and long-term cognitive changes in an individual at risk for developing dementia, and the clinical and theoretical implications are discussed