There is an increasing demand for minimally-invasive cosmetic procedures to arrest the aging process. Botulinum toxin type A injections are the most commonly used nonsurgical cosmetic procedures in the United States. There has been research spanning over two decades dedicated to safety, efficacy, dosing, and complications of botulinum toxin type A. There are now two Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved botulinum toxin type A options in the United States: Botox® and Dysport™, with new advances being made in the field

McCullough, Jerry L

Tremaine, Anne Marie

English

PubMed

There is an increasing demand for minimally-invasive cosmetic procedures to arrest the aging process. Botulinum toxin type A injections are the most commonly used nonsurgical cosmetic procedures in the United States. There has been research spanning over two decades dedicated to safety, efficacy, dosing, and complications of botulinum toxin type A. There are now two Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved botulinum toxin type A options in the United States: Botox(®) and Dysport(™), with new advances being made in the field

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Botulinum toxin type A for the management of glabellar rhytids

Anne Marie Tremaine, Jerry L McCulloughDepartment of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USAAbstract: There is an increasing demand for minimally-invasive cosmetic procedures to arrest the aging process. Botulinum toxin type A injections are the most commonly used nonsurgical cosmetic procedures in the United States. There has been research spanning over two decades dedicated to safety, efficacy, dosing, and complications of botulinum toxin type A. There are now two Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved botulinum toxin type A options in the United States: Botox&amp;reg; and Dysport&amp;trade;, with new advances being made in the field.Keywords: botulinum toxin type A, glabella, Botox, Dysport, complications, dosin

Anne Marie Tremaine

Jerry L McCullough

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Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology

A comprehensive review of patient-reported satisfaction with botulinum toxin type a for aesthetic procedures. Plast Reconstr Surg.

A four-month randomized, double-blind evaluation of the efficacy of botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of glabellar lines in women with skin types V and VI. Dermatol Surg.

A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of glabellar lines.

A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of efficacy and safety of 3 doses of botulinum toxin A in the treatment of glabellar lines.

A randomized, doubleblind, placebo controlled study of botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of glabellar lines: determination of optimal dose. Dermatol Surg.

A randomized, evaluatorblinded, two-center study of the safety and effect of volume on the diffusion and efficacy of botulinum toxin type a in the treatment of lateral orbial rhytides. Dermatol Surg.

A single-center dose-comparison study of botulinum neurotoxin type A in females with upper facial rhytids: Assessing patients’ perception of treamtent outcomes.

A single-center, dose-comparison, pilot study of botulinum neurotoxin type A in female patients with upper facial rhytids: safety and efficacy.

An open-label, randomized, 64-week study repeating 10- and 20-U doses of botulinum toxin type A for treatment of glabellar lines in Japanese subjects.

Assay of diffusion of different botulinum neurotoxin type a formulations injected in the mouse leg. Muscle Nerve.

Biological activity of two botulinum toxin type A complexes (Dysport and Botox) in volunteers: a double-blind, randomized, dose-ranging study.

Blind multicenter study of the efficacy and safety of injections of a commercial preparation of botulinum toxin type A reconstituted up to 15 days before injection. Dermatol Surg.

Botox Glabellar Lines II Study Group. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin type A for patients with glabellar lines. Plast Reconstr Surg.

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Botulinum A exotoxin for glabellar folds: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study with an electromyographic injection technique.

Botulinum A toxin for glabellar wrinkles. Dose and response. Dermatol Surg.

Botulinum toxin A for hyperkinetic facial lines: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Plast Reconstr Surg.

Botulinum toxin A treatment of overactive corrugator supercilii in thyroid eye disease. Br Med J.

Botulinum toxin and facial wrinkles: a new injection procedure. Ann Chir Plast Esthet.

Botulinum toxin in the treatment of frontoglabellar and periorbital wrinkles: an initial study. Ann Chir Plast Esthet.

Botulinum toxin type A treatment of multiple upper facial sites: patient-reported outcomes. Dermatol Surg.

CD-017 BoNTA Study Group. Long-term treatment with botulinum toxin type A in cervical dystonia has low immunogenicity by mouse protection assay. Mov Disord.

Combination treatment of glabellar rhytids.

Comparison of two formulations of botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of glabellar lines: a doubleblind, randomized study.

Complications and adverse effects: diagnosis and treatment. In: Hexel D, Trinidade de Almeida A, Editors. Cosmetic Use of Botulinum Toxin. Porto Alegre: AGE Editoria;

Complications with the use of botulinum toxin type A for cosmetic applications and hyperhidrosis. Semin Cutan Med Surg.

Complications with the use of botulinum toxin. Dermatol Clin.

Dilution volume of botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of glabellar rhytides: does it matter? Dermatol Surg.

dilution, and storage after dilution. In: Hexel D, Trinidade de Almeida A, Editors. Cosmetic Use of Botulinum Toxin.

Dose equivalence of two commercial preparations of botulinum neurotoxin type A: time for a reassessment? Curr Med Res Opin.

Dose-ranging study of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of glabellar rhytids in females. Dermatol Surg.

double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, dose-ranging study of botulinum toxin type A in men with glabellar rhytids. Dermatol Surg.

doubleblind study of the efficacy of injections with botulinum toxin type A reconstituted up to six consecutive weeks before application. Dermatol Surg.

Dysport: pharmacological properties and factors that influence toxin action.

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Effect of botulinum toxin A on facial wrinkle lines in Koreans.

Effect of volume and concentration on the diffusion of botulinum exotoxin A. Arch Dermatol.

Efficacy and safety of 3- and 5-injection patterns (30 and 50 U) of botulinum toxin A (Dysport) for the treatment of wrinkles in the glabella and the central forehead region. Arch Dermatol.

Evaluation of variable-dose treatment with a new U.S. botulinum toxin type a (Dysport) for correction of moderate to severe glabellar lines: results from a phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study. Plast Reconstr Surg.

Galderma

German-Austrian Retrospective Study Group. Repeated botulinum toxin A injections for the treatment of lines in the upper face: a retrospective study of 4,103 treatments in 945 patients. Dermatol Surg.

High versus low concentration botulinum toxin A for benign essential blepharospasm: does dilution make a difference? Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg.

Long-term prospective follow-up of botulinum toxin treatment for facial rhytides. Aesthetic Plast Surg.

Managing adverse events associated with botulinum toxin type A.

Medicis and Revance announce agreement for development of next-gen neurotoxin.

Neutralizing antibodies and secondary therapy failure after treatment with botulinum toxin type A: much ado about nothing? Clin Neuropharmacol.

Novel topical BoNTA (CosmeTox, toxin type A) cream used to treat hyperfunctional wrinkles of the face, mouth, and neck. Aesthetic Plast Surg.

Pain associated with injection of botulinum A exotoxin reconstituted using isotonic sodium chloride with and without preservative: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Arch Dermatol.

Patient-reported outcomes with botulinum neurotoxin type A. J Cosmet Laser Ther.

Patientreported outcomes with botulinum toxin type A treatment of glabellar rhytids: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Dermatol Surg.

placebocontrolled study of a new botulinum toxin type A for treatment of glabellar lines: efficacy and safety. Dermatol Surg.

Reloxin Investigational Group. Long-term safety and efficacy of a new botulinum toxin type A in treating glabellar lines. Arch Facial Plast Surg.

Reloxin Investigational Group. Long-term safety of repeated administrations of a new formulation of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of glabellar lines: interim analysis from an open-label extension study.

Respective potencies of Botox and Dysport in a human skin model: a randomized, double-blind study. Mov Disord.

Revance Announces Efficacy of Topical Botulinum Toxin Type A for the Treatment of Facial Wrinkles.

Safety and Tolerability of Topical Botulinum Toxin Type A in Healthy Adults.

Safety of botulinum toxin type A: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Med Res Opin.

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The efficacy and safety of a new U.S. Botulinum toxin type A in the retreatment of glabellar lines following open-label treatment.

Topical botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of moderate to severe lateral canthal lines: Preliminary safety and efficacy results of a blinded, randomized, placebo controlled trial.

Treatment of dynamic facial wrinkles with botulinum toxin type A (Dysport™)-a pilot study. Akt Dermatol.

Treatment of glabellar frown lines with C. botulinum-A exotoxin.

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Botulinum toxin type A for the management of glabellar rhytids

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