The morphology and microstructure of columnar niobium oxide nanostructures are studied and
the dependences of their morphological sizes on anodizing voltages (100–450 V) and anodic alumina pore
diameters (40–150 nm) are established. The features of ion transport during local anodization of niobium are
studied and the transport numbers of electrolyte anions and niobium cations are calculated; a mechanism of
formation and growth is proposed and the phase composition and electrophysical properties of columnar
nanostructures are studied
