Novel viruses have been discovered in wild Caenorahbditis nematode isolates and can now be used to explore host antiviral pathways, nematode ecology, and host-pathogen co-evolution

A Barrière

A Fire

Alyson Ashe

C Wilkins

Carl J. Franz

D Wang

D. H Hall

D. H Kim

D. H Schott

David Wang

E. R Troemel

Eric A. Miska

Guang Wu

Guoyan Zhao

H Li

H Tabara

Isabelle Nuez

J Milloz

J Pak

J. R Powell

Jonathan Hodgkin

Joséphine Piffaretti

K Hüsken

K. N Johnson

L Hao

L. A Ball

L. R Sabin

Leonard D. Goldstein

M Tijsterman

M-A Félix

Mabel Sanroman

Marie-Anne Félix

N. J Lehrbach

P. P Das

R Aliyari

R Lu

R. B Azevedo

R. D Schulte

R. M Weimer

R. S Kamath

S. J Neil

T Huszar

T Motohashi

T Sijen

Tony Bélicard

W Gu

W. B Wood

W. H Liu

W. J Kent

Yanfang Jiang

English

PubMed

International audienceAn ideal model system to study antiviral immunity and host-pathogen co-evolution would combine a genetically tractable small animal with a virus capable of naturally infecting the host organism. The use of C. elegans as a model to define host-viral interactions has been limited by the lack of viruses known to infect nematodes. From wild isolates of C. elegans and C. briggsae with unusual morphological phenotypes in intestinal cells, we identified two novel RNA viruses distantly related to known nodaviruses, one infecting specifically C. elegans (Orsay virus), the other C. briggsae (Santeuil virus). Bleaching of embryos cured infected cultures demonstrating that the viruses are neither stably integrated in the host genome nor transmitted vertically. 0.2 µm filtrates of the infected cultures could infect cured animals. Infected animals continuously maintained viral infection for 6 mo (∼50 generations), demonstrating that natural cycles of horizontal virus transmission were faithfully recapitulated in laboratory culture. In addition to infecting the natural C. elegans isolate, Orsay virus readily infected laboratory C. elegans mutants defective in RNAi and yielded higher levels of viral RNA and infection symptoms as compared to infection of the corresponding wild-type N2 strain. These results demonstrated a clear role for RNAi in the defense against this virus. Furthermore, different wild C. elegans isolates displayed differential susceptibility to infection by Orsay virus, thereby affording genetic approaches to defining antiviral loci. This discovery establishes a bona fide viral infection system to explore the natural ecology of nematodes, host-pathogen co-evolution, the evolution of small RNA responses, and innate antiviral mechanisms

Félix, Marie-Anne

Ashe, Alyson

Piffaretti, Joséphine

Wu, Guang

Nuez, Isabelle

Bélicard, Tony

Jiang, Yanfang

Zhao, Guoyan

Franz, Carl J

Goldstein, Leonard D

Sanroman, Mabel

Miska, Eric A

Wang, David,

HAL Descartes

Natural and experimental infection of caenorhabditis nematodes by novel viruses related to nodaviruses.

An ideal model system to study antiviral immunity and host-pathogen co-evolution would combine a genetically tractable small animal with a virus capable of naturally infecting the host organism. The use of C. elegans as a model to define host-viral interactions has been limited by the lack of viruses known to infect nematodes. From wild isolates of C. elegans and C. briggsae with unusual morphological phenotypes in intestinal cells, we identified two novel RNA viruses distantly related to known nodaviruses, one infecting specifically C. elegans (Orsay virus), the other C. briggsae (Santeuil virus). Bleaching of embryos cured infected cultures demonstrating that the viruses are neither stably integrated in the host genome nor transmitted vertically. 0.2 µm filtrates of the infected cultures could infect cured animals. Infected animals continuously maintained viral infection for 6 mo (∼50 generations), demonstrating that natural cycles of horizontal virus transmission were faithfully recapitulated in laboratory culture. In addition to infecting the natural C. elegans isolate, Orsay virus readily infected laboratory C. elegans mutants defective in RNAi and yielded higher levels of viral RNA and infection symptoms as compared to infection of the corresponding wild-type N2 strain. These results demonstrated a clear role for RNAi in the defense against this virus. Furthermore, different wild C. elegans isolates displayed differential susceptibility to infection by Orsay virus, thereby affording genetic approaches to defining antiviral loci. This discovery establishes a bona fide viral infection system to explore the natural ecology of nematodes, host-pathogen co-evolution, the evolution of small RNA responses, and innate antiviral mechanisms

Carl J Franz

Leonard D Goldstein

Eric A Miska

Directory of Open Access Journals

PLoS Biology

Natural and experimental infection of Caenorhabditis nematodes by novel viruses related to nodaviruses.

Crossref

Natural and Experimental Infection of Caenorhabditis Nematodes by Novel Viruses Related to Nodaviruses

Hal-Diderot

Félix Marie-Anne

Ashe Alyson

Piffaretti Joséphine

Wu Guang

Nuez Isabelle

Bélicard Tony

Jiang Yanfang

Zhao Guoyan

Franz Carl J.

Goldstein Leonard D.

Sanroman Mabel

Miska Eric A.

Wang David

Public Library of Science (PLOS)

 Nematodes by Novel Viruses Related to Nodaviruses

Wang, David, W.

HAL: Hyper Article en Ligne

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Natural and Experimental Infection of Caenorhabditis Nematodes by Novel Viruses Related to Nodaviruses

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