American Diabetes Association

Bloomgarden

Committee on Nutrition

Freedman

Gordon-Larsen

Grey

J. A. Womack

Kant

Kimm

Larson

Lopez-Capape

M. G. Holl

M. Grey

Parcel

Reaven

Rockett

S. S. Jaser

Sallis

SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study Group

Sinha

Trost

V. L. Jefferson

Weiss

English

PubMed


                  OBJECTIVE
                  The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of sex and race/ethnicity on metabolic risk and health behaviors in minority youth.
               
               
                  RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
                  A total of 173 seventh graders (46% male and 54% female; 49% Hispanic and 51% African American) with BMI ≥85th percentile and a family history of diabetes were assessed with weight, height, BMI, percent body fat, and waist circumference measures. Laboratory indexes included 2-h oral glucose tolerance tests with insulin levels at 0 and 2 h, fasting A1C, and lipids. Insulin resistance was estimated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Youth also completed questionnaires evaluating health behaviors.
               
               
                  RESULTS
                  Average BMI (31.6 ± 6.4 kg/m2) and percent body fat (39.5 ± 10.6%) were high. All participants demonstrated insulin resistance with elevated HOMA-IR values (8.5 ± 5.2). Compared with African American youth, Hispanic youth had higher triglycerides and lower HDL cholesterol despite similar BMI. Hispanic youth reported lower self-efficacy for diet, less physical activity, and higher total fat intake. Male youth had higher glucose (0 and 2 h) and reported more physical activity, more healthy food choices, and higher calcium intake than female youth.
               
               
                  CONCLUSIONS
                  Screening high-risk youth for insulin resistance and lipid abnormalities is recommended. Promoting acceptable physical activities and healthy food choices may be especially important for Hispanic and female youth.
               </jats:sec

Marita G. Holl

Sarah S. Jaser

Julie A. Womack

Vanessa L. Jefferson

Margaret Grey

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http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3005468

Metabolic Risk and Health Behaviors in Minority Youth at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes

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