Background: Preliminary evidence suggests an association between obesity and gut inflammation.
Aims: To evaluate the frequency of glucose abnormalities and their correlation with systemic and intestinal
inflammation in severely obese children.
Patients and Methods: Thirty-four children (25 males; median age 10.8 ± 3.4 yrs) with severe obesity (BMI >95%)
were screened for diabetes with oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), systemic inflammation with C-reactive protein
(CRP) and gut inflammation with rectal nitric oxide (NO) and faecal calprotectin.
Results: BMI ranged from 23 to 44 kg/m2, and BMI z-score between 2.08 e 4.93 (median 2.69 ± 0.53). Glucose
abnormalities were documented in 71% of patients: type 2 diabetes in 29%, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in 58%,
and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in 37.5%. Thirty-one patients (91%) were hyperinsulinemic. CRP was increased
in 73.5% with a correlation between BMI z-score and CRP (p 0.03). Faecal calprotectin was increased in 47%
patients (mean 77 ± 68), and in 50% of children with abnormal glucose metabolism (mean 76 ± 68 ìg/g), with a
correlation with increasing BMI z-score. NO was pathological in 88%, and in 87.5% of glucose impairment (mean
6.8 ± 5 ìM).
Conclusions: In this study, the prevalence of glucose abnormalities in obese children is higher than in other series;
furthermore, a correlation is present between markers of systemic and intestinal inflammation and glucose
abnormalities