De Bernart, Maura

Almae Matris Studiorum Campus

CRONOLOGIA DELL’OLOCAUSTO Questa cronologia (in inglese, ma sicuramente affidabile) è tratta dal sito: http://www1.yadvashem.org/about_HOLocaust/chronology/before_1933.html Chi vuole, può accedere alla pagina e, cliccando sulle singole voci, averne la spiegazione (in inglese)   Chronology of the Holocaust – before 1933 August 1, 1914 World War I begins  1915 The Armenian genocide  November 2, 1917 Balfour Declaration  November 7,1917 Communist revolution in Russia  January 8, 1918 Wilson presents "Fourteen Points" as basis for world peace  November 9, 1918 Democratic Weimar Republic established  June 28, 1919 Germany signs Versailles Treaty February 24, 1920 Nazi Party established  October 24-30, 1922 Mussolini, Fascists march on Rome  September, 1923 Inflation in Weimar Republic peaks  November 8-9, 1923 Hitler's putsch fails  October 5-16, 1925 Locarno Conference convenes to prevent war between Germany and western neighbors  October 25, 1929 Black Friday, New York Stock Exchange crashes  November 6, 1932 Nazis take 33.1 percent of vote in Reichstag elections   Chronology of the Holocaust - 1933 January 30 - February1 Hitler becomes Chancellor February 3 Hitler presents Lebensraum program  February 27-March 5 Reichstag arson leads to state of emergency March 5 Reichstag elections: Nazis gain 44 percent of vote  March 24 Enabling Act  March 22 Dachau camp established  April 1 Boycott of Jewish businesses  April 7 Civil service "reform"  April 21 Jewish ritual slaughter banned  April 25 School quota system  May 2 Dissolution of German Trade Unions  May 10 Nazis burn thousands of anti-Nazi Jewish-authored and "degenerate" books  July 14 Forced sterilization of German citizens with congenital disabilities July 14 Germany proclaimed a one-party state  July 14 Denaturalization law  July 20 Nazi government signs Reich Concordat with the Vatican  August 20 American Jewish Congress declares boycott against Nazi Germany  August 25 Ha'avara agreement  September 13 Race theory in German schools  September 17 Reich representation of German Jews established  September 22 Reich Chamber of Culture Law  October 14-19 Germany quits League of Nations and disarmament talks  Chronology of the Holocaust - 1934 January 26 German-Polish Non-Aggression Pact  June 30 "Night of the Long Knives"  July 25 Nazi putsch in Austria fails August 2 Hindenburg dies  Chronology of the Holocaust - 1935 January 13 Germany reclaims Saar region  February 10 Prohibition of gatherings urging Jews to remain in Germany March 16 Military conscription in Germany May 31 German army becomes "all-Aryan"  June 11 "Jews not welcome" signs temporarily removed  June 18 German-British naval agreement concluded  September 15 Nuremberg Laws enacted  October 30 Italy attacks Ethiopia  November 14 Additions to Nuremberg Laws  Chronology of the Holocaust - 1936 March 7 Germans enter Rhineland  March 15 Mass anti-Nazi rally in New York  June 17 Himmler appointed Chief of Police  July 16 Spanish Civil War begins  August 1 Olympic Games begin in Berlin  September 9 Four-Year Plan unveiled  October 9 Political activities of Association of Jewish War Veterans banned  October 25 Rome-Berlin Axis Agreement signed  November 25 Germany and Japan conclude Anti-Comintern Pact  Chronology of the Holocaust - 1937 March 21 Pope issues statement against racism  September 13 Jews can be released from "protective detention" by emigrating  October 21 Himmler: returning Jewish emigrants will be sent to concentration camps  November 5 German army ordered to prepare for war  November 26 Reshuffling of portfolios: Schacht resigns   Chronology of the Holocaust - 1938  March 13 Anschluss: Reich annexes Austria March 23 Recognition of Jewish organizations revoked  March 28 Hitler incites Sudeten German Party June 14 Jewish businesses registered as Jewish  June 15 "Operation June" - mass arrests of Jews and banishment to concentration camps  July 6 Anti-Jewish economic strictures  July 6-15 Evian Conference  August 17 Compulsory middle names for Jews August 26 Jewish Emigration Office opens in Vienna  September 27 Jewish lawyers debarred  September 29 Munich Agreement: England and France accept German annexation of parts of Czechoslovakia  October 5 Passports of German Jews marked with the letter "J" October 6 Germany annexes Sudetenland  October 28 17,000 Polish-born Jews expelled from Germany to Poland; most interned in Zbaszyn  November 7-10 Grynszpan affair and the Kristallnacht pogrom  November 10 Italy adopts antisemitic racial laws  November 12 Harsh anti-Jewish measures  November 15 Jewish children banned from German schools   Chronology of the Holocaust - 1939 January 24  Goering creates the Reich Central Office for Jewish Emigration  March 15  Germans occupy Bohemia and Moravia  March 28  Civil war in Spain ends  April 27  Conscription in Great Britain  April 27-28  Germany cancels Non-Aggression Pact with Poland and 1935 Naval Agreement with Britain  August 23  Nazis Soviets sign Non-Aggression Pact  September 1  Germany invades Poland  September 3  Britain, France, India, Australia, and New Zealand declare war on Germany  September 3  Britain blockades Germany September 17  Soviets invade Poland  September 21  Heydrich issues the "Schnellbrief"  September 28  Poland partitioned  September 22  Establishment of the Reich Security Main Office  October 4  Warsaw Judenrat Is established  October 7  Jewish "Resettlement" in the Lublin District  October 8  First Jewish ghetto established in Piotrkow Trybunalski  October 26  Civil Administration (the Generalgouvernement) established in Poland  November 8  Failed attempt to assassinate Hitler in Munich  November 9 Lodz incorporated into Reich  November 23 Jews in Poland must wear the Jewish Badge  November 30 Soviets invade Finland  December 2 Nazis initiate use of gas vans to eliminate mental patients  December 14 USSR expelled from League of Nations following pact with Germany  Chronology of the Holocaust - 1940 January 24  Jewish property in Generalgouvernement registered  January 25  Judenrat established in Lublin  January 26  Warsaw Judenrat fined after ethnic German beaten in street  March  Katyn massacre: Soviets execute thousands of Polish officers  April 9  Germany invades Denmark and Norway April 30  Lodz ghetto sealed  May 10  Germany invades Belgium and the Netherlands  May 10  Chamberlain resigns; Churchill Prime Minister of U.K.  May 26  Allies evacuate forces at Dunkirk  June 14  Germany occupies Paris  June 18  Hitler presents Mussolini with Madagascar Plan  July 10  Vichy government formed  July 19  U.K. turns down German peace offer for recognition of domination in Western Europe  August 8  "Battle of Britain" begins  August 17  Germany declares "total blockade of Britain"  September 7  German "Blitz" on England reaches climax  September 27  Germany, Italy, and Japan conclude Tripartite Pact  October 3  France enacts "Jewish Statute"  October 22  Jewish businesses in occupied Netherlands registered  October 28  Registration of Jewish property in Belgium  October 28  Italy invades Greece  November 15  Warsaw ghetto sealed  December  "Oneg Shabbat" clandestine archives established  Chronology of the Holocaust - 1941 February 25  Anti-Nazi strike in Amsterdam  March 1  Construction of Auschwitz II-Birkenau camp begins  March 11  U.S. Congress passes Lend-Lease Act  April 6  Germany invades Yugoslavia and Greece  April 9  Germany occupies Salonika  April 24  Lublin ghetto sealed  May 10  Rudolf Hess parachutes into Duke of Hamilton's estate  June 6  "Commissar Order"  June 22  "Operation Barbarossa"  June 23  Einsatzgruppen begin killings in the USSR  June 30  Einsatzgruppe 4a and Local Ukrainians kill 300 Jews in Lutsk  June 28  Romanian "Iron Guard" kills 1,500 Jews in Iasi  June 30  Germany occupies Lvov; 4,000 Jews killed by July 3  July 1  Einsatzgruppe D begins operating in Bessarabia; 160,000 Jews shot by August 31  July 4  Vilna Judenrat established July 20  Minsk ghetto established  July 24  Kishinev ghetto established; 10,000 Jews dead  July 25  Pogrom in Lvov  July 31  Heydrich to plan "Final Solution" of Jewish problem  July  Killings begin at Ponary south of Vilna  August 1  50,000 Jews confined in Bialystok ghetto  August 4  Kovno ghetto sealed  August 5  Murders in Pinsk; 10,000 Jews killed in three days  August 27-28  Massacre at Kamenets-Podolsk September 1  Nazi "Euthanasia Program" officially ended  September 19  German Jews to wear Jewish badge  September 3  First experimental gassings at Auschwitz  September 5  Two ghettos established and sealed in Vilna  September 8  Siege of Leningrad  September 12  Hitler: "Leningrad will be starved into submission"  September 15  150,000 Jews deported to Transnistria; 90,000 die  September 19  Zhitomir ghetto liquidated; 10,000 killed  September 19  Germans in Kiev  September 29-30  33,771 Kiev Jews killed at Babi Yar  October 28  Thousands of Kovno Jews killed at "Ninth Fort"  October 8  Vitebsk ghetto liquidated; more than 16,000 Jews killed  October 11  Jews of Czernowitz, Romania ghettoized  October 12  Germans reach outskirts of Moscow  October 15  Deportation of German and Austrian Jews to ghettos in the East begins  October 16  Odessa occupied and Jews massacred  October 24  20,000 Jews transported to Dalnik; all killed  October 25  Eichmann approves plan for use of mobile gas vans  October 28  Massacre in Kovno more than 9,000 Jews killed October 30  Bratislava Jews expelled to rural Slovakia  October  First transport reaches Majdanek extermination camp  November 1  Construction of Belzec camp begins  November 24  "Model camp" established in Theresienstadt  November 30  30,000 Riga Jews arrested subsequently shot at Rumbuli  December 6  Soviets launch counteroffensive at Moscow  December 7  Japanese attack Pearl Harbor; U.S. enters war  December 7  "Night and Fog" suppresses resistance in Western Europe  December 8  Gas vans introduced at Chelmno  December 11  Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S.  December 21  More than 40,000 Jews shot at Bogdanovka  December 22  33,500 of 57,000 Jews in Vilna already murdered  December 31  First partisan manifesto in Vilna   Chronology of the Holocaust - 1942 January 6 Molotov hands over information on mass graves  January 14 Concentration and expulsion of Dutch Jewry begins  January 16 Deportation of more than 10,000 from Lodz to Chelmno begins  January 20 Wannsee Conference  January 21 United Partisan Organization established in Vilna  February 24 More than 30,000 Jews deported from Lodz to Chelmno  March 13 JDC: Germans have already killed 240,000 Jews in Ukraine alone  March 17 Belzec extermination camp completed  March 26 58,000 Slovakian Jews deported  March 28 First transport of French Jews to Auschwitz  April Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee established in USSR April 8 Einsatzgruppen report: no Jews left in Crimea April 30 Pinsk ghetto established  Early May First mass killing in Sobibor extermination camp  May 18 The New York Times: more than 200,000 Jews shot by Germans  May 27 Czech underground assassinates Heydrich  June 2 BBC: 700,000 Jews killed in Poland  June 2 First deportations of German Jews to Theresienstadt  June 10 Germans obliterate Czech Village  June 21 Germans cut off Tobruk (Libya) from the British forces  June 22 First transports from Drancy Camp to Auschwitz  July 16 Roundup of Parisian Jews  July 19 Himmler: elimination of all Jews in Generalgouvernement by end of 1942  July 21 Mass protest rally at Madison Square Garden  July 22 Construction of Treblinka completed  July 22 Mass deportation from Warsaw Ghetto to Treblinka begins  July 23 Adam Czerniakow commits suicide  July 28 Jewish Fighting Organization (ZOB) founded in Warsaw  August 8 U.S. delays information on plan to annihilate Jews to verify sources  August 10 Deportations from Lvov to Belzec begin; 50,000 gassed  September 3 Armed Jewish resistance in Lachva, Belarus  September 12 Battle of Stalingrad begins  September 24 Uprising in Tuchin ghetto  October 23 British begin counteroffensive at El Alamein  October 27 Nazis inclined to nullify mixed marriages sterilize "Mixed Breeds"  October 28 First deportations from Theresienstadt to Auschwitz  October 29 Almost all Pinsk Jews murdered  November 1 First deportation from Bialystok District to Auschwitz  November 5 Europa Rescue Plan  November 8 U.K. and U.S. invade Northern Africa  November 9 Germany occupies Tunisia  November 10 British victories in Egypt  November 19 Soviet counterattack near Stalingrad  December 4 Council for Aid to Jews (Zegota) established in Poland  December 17 Allies condemn German mass murder  December 23 Jewish Fighting Organization attacks Germans in Cracow  Chronology of the Holocaust - 1943 January 18 Jewish armed resistance to deportations from Warsaw ghetto  February 2 Germans surrender at Stalingrad  February 5 Deportation of 10,000 Jews from Bialystok to Treblinka begins  February 25 1943 First transports from Salonika to Auschwitz  February 26 First transport of Gypsies reaches Auschwitz  March 4 Jews of Thrace deported to Treblinka  March 20 First deportations from Salonika arrive at Auschwitz  April 19 Warsaw ghetto uprising begins  May 8 Leaders of Warsaw ghetto uprising die  May 12 Samuel Zygelbojm commits suicide  May 24 Protest by Sofia Jews  June 1 Lvov ghetto liquidated  June 21 Himmler orders liquidation of all ghettos in occupied Soviet territories  June 28 Four crematoria completed at Auschwitz-Birkenau July 5 German offensive at Kursk fails  July 10 Allies invade Sicily July 25 Mussolini deposed  August 2 Uprising at Treblinka  August 8 First of five organized groups leaves Vilna ghetto to join partisans  August 15 Bialystok ghetto liquidated  August 18 Prisoners of Sonderkommando 1005 forced to exhume tens of thousands of bodies at Babi Yar  September 1 Vilna underground uprising fails  September 3 Belgian Jews arrested for deportation to Auschwitz  September 23 Vilna ghetto liquidated  October 1-2 Danish Jews rescued  October 14 Uprising at Sobibor  October 18 Jews of Rome deported to Auschwitz  October 21 Liquidation of Minsk ghetto  October 25 Dnepropetrovsk liberated; 15 of 80,000 Jews remain  November 3 Germans launch “Operation Harvest Festival” (Erntefest)  November 17 Jewish partisans liberate Jews in Borshchev  November 28 Teheran conference  Chronology of the Holocaust - 1944 January 26 War Refugee Board established  January 27 Siege of Leningrad ends  March 18 Hitler orders German troops into Hungary March 24 Roosevelt warns Hungary to refrain from Anti-Jewish measures  April 7 Two Jewish prisoners deliver "Auschwitz Protocols"  April 16 Hungarian Government registers Jews and confiscates their property April 25 Blood for trucks negotiations start  May 11 Allied forces mount major offensive in central Italy  May 15 Beginning of mass deportations of Hungarian Jews to Auschwitz-Birkenau  June 4 Americans occupy Rome  June 6 D-Day June 9 Hannah Szenes arrested in Hungary June 13 Germany launches first V-1 rockets at England  June 23 Red Cross mission visits Theresienstadt  July 3 Minsk liberated; few of 80,000 Jews survive  July 7 Hungarian government halts deportations  July 8 Kovno ghetto liquidated  July 13 Jewish partisans help liberate Vilna; 2,500 of 57,000 Jews survive  July 20 Attempt to assassinate Hitler fails  July 22 Lvov liberated; 110,000 Jews dead  July 25 Red Army liberates Majdanek  August 7 Liquidation of Lodz ghetto begins; 74,000 Jews deported to Auschwitz  August 28 Slovak National Uprising begins  September 4 Antwerp liberated; fewer than 5,000 Jews survived September 28 Churchill announces formation of Jewish Brigade  October 3 Polish uprising in Warsaw crushed  October 7 Sonderkommando uprising at Auschwitz  October 23-26 Battle of Leyte  November Germans stop gassings at Auschwitz  November 8 Deportations from Budapest resume  December 16 Battle of the Bulge  Chronology of the Holocaust - 1945 January 16 Soviets liberate half of Budapest  January 17 Soviets liberate Warsaw; few Jews remain  January 18 Auschwitz abandoned; death march of prisoners begins  January 19 Soviets liberate Lodz  January 27 Soviets liberate Auschwitz  February 1 Forty thousand prisoners marched out of Gross-Rosen February 13-14 RAF and USAF air raids devastate Dresden  April 11 Americans liberate Buchenwald  April 12 FDR dies succeeded by Truman  April 15 British forces liberate Bergen-Belsen  April 25 American and Soviet Troops meet at the River Elbe  April 28 Mussolini shot April 30 Hitler and Eva Braun commit suicide May 2 Soviets occupy Berlin  May 5 Mauthausen liberated  May 7 Germany surrenders to Allies  May 8 V-E Day July 16 Potsdam Conference  August 6 9:15 a.m. Atomic bomb on Hiroshima; Nagasaki bombed three days later  October 18 Nuremberg Trials begin   

Cronologia dell'Olocausto - Holocaust Chronology

http://campus.unibo.it/248677/1/CRONOLOGIA.pdf

Cronologia dell'Olocausto - Holocaust Chronology

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