Fu, Chaowei

Liu, Zhaolan

Wang, Weibing

Xu, Biao

Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

English

PubMed

Abstract
          
            Background
            Chronic complications are the major outcome of type 2 diabetes mellitus progress, which reduce the quality of life of patients, incur heavy burdens to the health care system, and increase diabetic mortality. The aims of this study were to describe the prevalence of chronic complications among urban Chinese type 2 diabetic outpatients; and to analyze the associations between chronic complications and patients' demographics, diabetic related clinical characteristics.
          
          
            Methods
            This cross-sectional hospital-based study was carried out in 4 major Chinese cities: - Shanghai, Chengdu, Beijing and Guangzhou. The survey was conducted from March to July in 2007 among 1,524 type 2 diabetic outpatients. The subjects were interviewed face-to-face by trained interviewers using a questionnaire to capture information on demographics, disease presentations and complications. All the subjects were invited to have a HbA1c test free of charge by the standardized method with Bio-Rad Variant II.
          
          
            Results
            Of the 1,524 study subjects, 637 (41.8%) were male, and the mean age was 63.3 ± 10.2 years. At least one chronic complication was diagnosed in 792 individuals (52.0%) of the study subjects; 509 (33.4%) presented with macrovascular complications and 528 (34.7%) with microvascular complications. The prevalence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions, neuropathy, nephropathy, ocular lesions and foot disease were 30.1%, 6.8%, 17.8%, 10.7%, 14.8% and 0.8%, respectively. The prevalence of chronic complications varied between cities, and significantly increased with age and duration of diagnosed diabetes. The mean of HbA1c in diabetic patients with chronic complications was 8.2% ± 1.6% and 63.0% of the subjects with type 2 diabetes related complications had a poor glycemic control with the HbA1c &gt; 7.5%.
          
          
            Conclusions
            Chronic complications are highly prevalent among type 2 diabetic outpatients, the glycemic control of diabetic patients with chronic complications was poor, and future efforts should be directed at intensive blood glucose control, strengthening early diagnosis and improving case management to prevent and minimize the occurrence of complications.
          </jats:sec

Zhaolan Liu

Chaowei Fu

Weibing Wang

Biao Xu

Crossref

Prevalence of chronic complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in outpatients - a cross-sectional hospital based survey in urban China

Springer - Publisher Connector

Agardh E: Screening and prevention of diabetic blindness. Acta Ophthalmol Scand

Boyko EJ: Diabetes-related comorbidities in Asian Americans: results of a national health survey.

Clinical risk factors and the role of VDR gene polymorphisms in diabetic retinopathy in Polish type 2 diabetes patients. Acta Diabetol

DG: Lower extremity foot ulcers and amputations in diabetes[A].

Diabetes complications and risk factors in an Australian population. How well are they managed?

Disability in Diabetes[A]. National Diabetes Data Group. Diabetes in America[M]. Bethesda 2nd edition.

Economic costs of diabetes in the U.S.

Fagot-Campagna A: Prevalence of macrovascular complications and cardiovascular risk factors in people treated for diabetes and living in France: the ENTRED study 2001. Diabetes Metab

Federation: Diabetes Atlas. 2nd edition.

Follow-up of the WHO Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetes: general description and morbidity. Diabetologia

H: The burden of mortality attributable to diabetes: realistic estimates for the year 2000. Diabetes Care

Holman RR: Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ

Holman RR: Lessons from UK prospective diabetes study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract

How do type 2 diabetes mellitus-related chronic complications impact direct medical cost in four major cities of urban China? Value Health

MD: Prevalence and the associated burden of illness of symptoms of diabetic peripheral neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy.

National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study Group: Prevalence of diabetes among men and women in China.

Patients with type 2 diabetes aged 35-64 years at four primary health care centres in Stockholm County, Sweden. Prevalence and complications in relation to gender and socioeconomic status. Diabetes Res Clin Pract

Peters JR: The prevalence of multiple diabetes-related complications. Diabet Med

PJ: Mortality in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes[A]. National Diabetes Data Group. Diabetes in America. Bethesda 2nd edition.

Prevalence of lower extremity diseases associated with normal glucose levels, impaired fasting glucose, and diabetes among U.S. adults aged 40 or older. Diabetes Res Clin Pract

Prevalence of small vessel and large vessel disease in diabetic patients from 14 centres. The World Health Organisation Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetics. Diabetes Drafting Group. Diabetologia

Prevalence of vascular complications in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients.

Prevention and Control Cooperative Group: Chinese guidelines for type 2 diabetes. Beijing: Beijing Science and Technology Press;

RL: Epidemiological survey of chronic vascular complications of type 2 diabetic in-patients in four municipalities. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae

Rustoen T: A comparison of the health-related quality of life in patients with diabetic foot ulcers, with a diabetes group and a nondiabetes group from the general population. Qual Life Res

S: Prevalence of microalbuminuria in newly diagnosed non-insulin dependent diabetic subjects and its related factors.

Sonbo Kristiansen I: Health-related quality of life in diabetes: The associations of complications with EQ-5D scores. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

The Asian-Pacific Type 2 Diabetes Policy Group: Type 2 Diabetes Practical Targets and Treatments. 3rd edition. Sydney:

The financing burden of treatment of diabetesII and Its symptom in urban China. Chinese Health Economics

The impact of complication on quality of life among diabetic patients in urban China.

The morbidity of chronic diabetic complication with logistic analysis of related potential factor.

The North-South Differences in China. Teaching Reference of Middle School Geography

The prevalence and clinical risk factors of microangopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The prevalence of diabetes has reached epidemic proportions IDF, Diabetes Atlas 4th edition. [http://www.worlddiabetesfoundation.org/ composite-35.htm]. Last updated 2-5-2010 by bisl.wdf. Accessed

TK: Prevalence and Risk Factors for Neuropathy in a Canadian First Nation Community. Diabetes Care

Tung TH: Prevalence and associated factors of lens opacities among Chinese type 2 diabetics in Kinmen, Taiwan. Acta Diabetologica

Vinik A: Metabolic memory in diabetes--focus on insulin. Diabetes Metab Res Rev

W: Survey on prevalence of complication in type 2 diabetic outpatients and its related factors. Shandong Med J

WH: Global burden of diabetes, 1995-2025: prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections. Diabetes Care

Zimmet PZ: Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation. Diabet Med

Zimmet PZ: Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract

https://hqlo.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/1477-7525-8-62?site=hqlo.biomedcentral.com

Prevalence of chronic complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in outpatients - a cross-sectional hospital based survey in urban China

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Crossref

Springer - Publisher Connector