Author Institution: Department of Zoology and Entomology, The Ohio State University, Columbus 1

Smith, Owen J.

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SPECIES, DISTRIBUTION, AND HOST RECORDS OF THEBRACONID GENERA MICROCTONUS AND PERILITUS(HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE)OWEN J. SMITH1Department of Zoology and Entomology, The Ohio State University, Columbus 10During the course of an investigation of the biology of Microctonus vittataeMues., the author compiled a list from available literature of the species of thebraconid genera Microctonus Wesmael and Perilitus Nees together with theirknown distribution and host records. Earlier but less complete lists of similarnature were presented by Speyer (1925), Jackson (1928), and Muesebeck (1936).The additions included below were scattered widely in the world literature. Nopretense is made that this listing is complete or without error. This results inpart from the fact that specimens were not examined and that confusion hasexisted in the classification of the braconid subfamily Euphorinae, to which thesegenera belong.SYSTEMATIC POSITION OF THE GENERA Microctonus AND PeHUtUSThe genus Microctonus was erected by Wesmael in 1835 to include those speciesof Perilitus having two cubital cells in the fore wing. The genus was furtherrestricted by Foerster in 1862 to include only those species in which the firstcubital areolet is confluent with the first discoidal. Until 1936, most workersin the Braeonidae overlooked or disregarded Foerster's type fixation in the caseof Microctonus with the result that the true members of this genus have been calledPerilitus. At the same time the true Perilitus were placed in the genus DinocampusFoerster. Muesebeck (1936) revised the genera of the Euphorinae, suppressingDinocampus and dismembering the group originally given the name Perilitusto the extent that this restricted genus has become more or less obscured.According to Muesebeck, the division of the two genera on the basis of theseparation {Perilitus), or confluence {Microctonus), of the first cubital and firstdiscoidal cells, "is obviously an artificial one; but since the species arrange them-selves so conveniently into two groups by this character, it has been consideredadvisable to consider both names as valid," Because these genera constitute anatural group, they have been treated together in this paper.TABLE 1Recorded parasitism of adult beetles by the genera Microctonus and Perilitus.Parasite Host Reference DistributionMicroctonusM. aethiops (Nees) CURCULIONIDAESitona hispidula Fab. Speyer, 1925 Europe, introduced N.5. cylindricollis Fahr. Munro, 1948 Dak, U.S.A.CHRYSOMELIDAEPhyllotreta vittula Kaufman, 1923Redtb.P. nemorum L. Newton, 1931(Larvae of latter)xPresent address: Parasite Laboratory, Univ. of California, 9143 Johnson Avenue,La Mesa, California.THE OHIO JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 53(3): 173, May, 1953.174 OWEN J. SMITHTABLE 1—(Continued)Vol. LIIIParasite Host Reference DistributionM. basalis (Curtis)(bicolor Wesm.)P. atra Fab.P. undulata Kutsch.P. vittula Redtb.Psylliodes attenuata/,Koch.Longitarsus longipennisKuts.Kaufmann, 1923Dmitriev, 1935EuropeCentral RussiaM. brevicollis(Haliday)M. carabivorusMuesebeckM. cerealium(Haliday)L. pellucidus Foudr.Haltica ampelophagaGuer.(Larvae and Adults)CARABIDAEGalerita sp.CURCULIONIDAESitona hispidula Fab.S. sulcifrons Thrugb.S. lepidus GyllenhalZorina, 1939Kiinckel d'Herculais& Langlois, 1891Muesebeck, 1936Jackson,1924CrimeaAlgeriaVa. and la., U.S.A.Europe, EnglandM. eleodis (Viereck) TENEBRIONIDAEEleodes opaca (Say)E. suturalis (Say)E. obsoleta (Say)E. extricata (Say)E. tricostata (Say)E. hispilabris (Say)E. vandykei BlaisdellEmbaphion muricatum SayE. planum HornMcColloch, 1918Muesebeck, 1936W. U.S.A., Kan., & N.Mex. NW to Wash.M. epitricis (Viereck)M. gastrophysae(Ashmead)M. melanopus RutheM. mellinus(Provancher)M. morimi FerriereM. nigritus(Provancher)M. parcicornis RutheCHRYSOMELIDAEEpitrix hirtipennisMelsh.E. cucumeris (Harr.)Gastrophysa cyaneaMelsheimerG. viridula (Degear)CURCULIONIDAECeutorrhynchusquadridens Panz.Not knownCERAMBYCIDAEMorimus asper SulzerNot knownNot knownPeterson, 1932Cameron, 1915Muesebeck, 1936Speyer, 1925Muesebeck, 1936Grandi, 1931Goidanich, 1933Muesebeck, 1936Lyle, 1933, Kloet& Hincks, 1945Va. to 111., U.S.A.D.C. and Va., U.S.A.GermanyE. seaboard Atner.,Quebec to Ga.ItalyQuebec & Mich., Amer.BritainM. pusillaeMuesebeckCHRYSOMELIDAEPhyllotreta pusillaHornP. albionica Lee. (?)Muesebeck, 1936 Gt. Plains Sts., W.Chittenden & Marsh, U.S.A. and Canada1920Glendenning, 1927No. 3 BRACONID GENERA 175ParasiteM. spurius RutheTABLEHostNot known1—(Continued)ReferenceLyle, 1933, Kloet& Hincks, 1945DistributionBritainM. vittataeMuesebeckPhyllotreta striolata(Fab.)P. bipustulata (Fab.)P. zimmermanni(Crotch)Chittenden, 1920Peterson, 1932Smith, 1949E. coast Amer. west toGt. Plains Sts.—Ont.to La., Japan (?)Microctonus sp. CURCULIONIDAECylindrocopturusfurnissi Buchanan Furniss, 1942 Pacific, N.W., Amer.PerilitusP. areolatus Thomson CHRYSOMELIDAEPhyllotreta atra Fab.P. cruciferae GoezeP. diademata Foudr.P. consobrina (Curt.)P. nigripes (Fab.)P. undulata Kutsch.Newton, 1931 EnglandP. coccinellaeSchrank(terminatus Nees)(americanumRiley)COCCINELLIDAEAdalia frigida Schn.A. bipunctata (L.)Speyer, 1925Balduf, 1926Goidanich, 1933Ogloblin, 1913Timberlake, 1917Liu, 1944Adonia variegata GoezeCoelophora inaequalis (Fab.)Ceratomegilla fuscilabris Muls.Cycloneda munda SayHippodamia convergens Guer.H. 5-signata KirbyH. 13-punctata (L.)H. parenthesis SayH. sinuata var. spuria Lee.Halyzia 14-punctata L.Macronaemia hauseri WeiseOlla abdominalis SaySemiadalia 11-notata Schneid.Coccinella 5-punctata L.C. 7-punctata L.C. 9-notata Herbst.C. 13-punctataC. calif ornica Mann.C. perplexa var. Juliana Muls.C. fuscilabrisC. sanguineaThroughout most ofHolarctic, Realm &also Fiji, Hawaii,New Zealand andAustraliaP. falciger Nees MELANDRYIDAEOrchesia micansPanz.CHRYSOMELIDAETimarcha coriaria Laich.T. laevigata Duft.Speyer, 1925, afterMarshall, 1887 &1891 EnglandP. labilis Ruthe CURCULIONIDAESitona spp.S. lineata L.S. crinita Hbst.Grossheim, 1928Dmitriev, 1935Ulashkevich, 1936Jackson, 1928 (?)RussiaEngland (?)176 OWEN J. SMITHTABLE 1—(Continued)Vol. LIIIParasiteP. leptosi ViereckP. mylloceri Wilkn.P. omophli LesneP. pyri (Viereck)(May be same asrutilus Nees)P. rutilus NeesP. strenuus MarshallHostLeptops hopeiMyllocerus unidecim-pustulatus var.maculosus Desb.ALLECULIDAEOmophlus caeruleusNot knownCURCULIONIDAESitona lineata L.5. hispidula Fab.Not knownReferenceFerri6re, 1931, afterFarrel, 1919Fletcher, 1930Lesne, 1892Muesebeck, 1936Jackson, 1928Kloet & Hincks, 1945DistributionAustraliaPusa & Bihar, IndiaAlgeriaConn. & N. J., U.S.A.England, (allEurope (?)EnglandP. stuardoi Porter Cocci NELLIDAEAdalia bipunctata L.A. deficiens Muls.Eriopis connexa Germ.Cryptolaemus mont-rouziere Muls.Cortes, 1941 Chile*plumicornis Ruthe*vaginator Wesm.* Perilitus sp.* Perilitus sp.*ruficollis Cameron*brunneus Niezabit-owski*nigriventris Niezab-itowski*transsylvanicus EndreANTHICIDAENotoxus monoceros L.Not knownCHRYSOMELIDAEPsylloides chryso-cephala L.CURCULIONIDAEAnthonomuspomorum L.Not knownNot knownNot knownNot knownGornitz, 1937Ferriere, 1931Kaufmann, 1923Speyer, 1933Zoo Record, 1906Zoo Record, 1912Zoo Record, 1912Zoo Record, 1928GermanyBr. Museum (?)GermanyGermanyS. AfricaPolandPolandHungaryNOTE: Host names listed are essentially those given by the authors cited. In a few caseswhere it has been omitted, the authority was added.*—Names so preceded probably belong to Microctonus rather than Perilitus.Sze'pligeti (1904) lists 24 species not included above, 19 for Europe and 5 forSouth America, under the genus Perilitus and three additional species from Europeunder the genus Dinocampus. All of the currently designated Microctonus (knownat that time) are listed as Perilitus, but he includes under this genus two speciesof the true Perilitus. His list of Dinocampus does not include any of the trueMicroctonus mentioned above. It would thus appear that most of these wouldnow fall within the latter genus. It is not known, however, how many of theseNo. 3 BRACONID GENERA 177species remain valid under the genera Microctonus and Perilitus. He gives norecord of hosts species.Insofar as their habits are known, the species of these two genera are beneficialexcepting the two species which attack Coccinellidae and the one that parasitizesGalerita. Adult beetles of the families Curculionidae and Chrysomelidae aretheir most frequent hosts. Several species are rated as primary controllingfactors of certain flea beetles.LITERATURE CITEDBalduf, W. V. 1926. The bionomics of Dinocampus coccinellae Schrank. Ann. Ent. Soc.Amer., 19: 465-489.Cameron, A. E. 1915. Potato spraying and dusting in New Jersey. U. S. A. Bull. Ent.Res., 6: 1-21.Chittenden, F. H., and H. G. Marsh. 1920. The western cabbage flea beetle. U. S. D. A. Bui.No. 902: 21 pp.Cortes, P. R. 194-1. Sobre Perilitus stuardoi Porter. Bol. Dep. Sanid. veg. 1: p. 48, Santiago,Chile, 1942.Dimitriev, G. V. 1935. Results obtained in studying Psylliodes attenuate/, Koch, under con-ditions prevailing in the right bank area of the Kubyshev District. (In Russian, withEnglish summary.) Plant Prot. 1935 fasc. 5: 91-106, Leningrad, 1935. (Abs. R. A. E.(A), 24: 584-585.)Ferriere, C. 1931. Description d'un Braconidae parasite d'un Cerambycidae adulte. 1st. diEnt. Boll., Bologna, 4: 5-7.Fletcher, T. B. 1930. Report of Imperial Entomologist. Sci. Rep. Agric. Inst. Pusa, 1928-29:67-77, Calcutta, 1930. (Abs. R. A. E. (A) 18: 44.)Furniss, R. L. 1942. Biology of Cylindrocopturus furnissi Buchanan on Douglas fir. Jour.Econ. Ent., 35: 853-859.Glendenning, R. 1927. The cabbage flea-beetle and its control in British Columbia. CanadaDept. Agric. Pamph. N. S. 80: 10 pp.Goidanich, A. 1933. Materiali per lo studio degli imenotteri Braconidi I. 1st. di Ent. Boll.,Bologna, 6: 33-50.Gornitz, K. 1937. Cantharidin als Gift und Anlockungsmittel fur Insekten. Arb. physiol.angew, Ent. Berl., 4: 116^57, (Abs. R. A. E. (A) 25: 582-583.)Grandi, G. 1931. Scoperta di un nuovo Braconidae (Perilitus morimi Ferr.) paeassita degliadulti del Morimus asper Sulz. (Coleoptera—Cerambycidae) e descrizione della su larva.1st. di Ent. Boll., Bologna, 4: 1-4.Grossheim, N. A. 1928. Data for the study of the genus Sitona, Germ. (In Russian.) Bull.Mleev. Expt. Sta. No. 17: 58 pp., Mleev. (Abs. R. A. E. (A) 17: p. 436.)Jackson, D. J. 1924. Insect parasites of the pea-weevil. Nature, 118: 353-354.1928. The biology of Dinocampus (Perilitus) rutilus Nees, a braconid parasite of Sitonalineata L. Part I. Proc. Zoo. Soc. London, 1928: 596-630.Kaufman, O. 1923. Beobachtungen und Versuche zur Frage der Ueberwinterung unParasitierung von Oelfruchschaldlingen aus Gattengun Meligestes, Phyllotreta, Psylliodesund Ceutorrhynchus. Arb. Biol. Reichsanst. Land-u Forstw., 12: 109-169.Kloet, G. S., and W. D. Hincks. 1945. A check list of British insects. T. Buncle and Co.,LTD., Arbroath, pp. 236-237.Ktinckel d'Herculais, J., and C. Langlois. 1891. Meours et metamorphoses de Perilitusbrevicollis Haliday (Hymenoptere, Braconide) parasite de l'altise de la vigne en Algerie.Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 60: 457-466.Lesne, P. 1892. Sur un braconide du genre Perilitus Nees. Ann. Soc. Ent. France,61:305-308.Liu, C. L. 1944. Contributions to the knowledge of Chinese Coccinellidae. VI. Occurranceof Perilitus coccinellae (Schrank), a parasite of adult Coccinellidae, in Yunnan (Hymen-optera, Braconidae). Ent. News, 55: 235-237.Lyle, G. T. 1933. A catalogue of British Braconidae. Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 81: 67-74.McColloch, J. W. 1918. Notes on false wireworms with especial reference to Eleodes tricostataSay. Jour. Econ. Ent., 11: 212-224.Muesebeck, C. F. W. 1936. The genera of parasitic wasps of the braconid subfamilyEuphorinae, with a review of the Nearctic species. U. S. D. A. Misc. Pub. No. 241:36 pp.Munro, J. A., and R. L. Post. 1948. Parasites to aid the control of the sweet clover weevil.Science, 108: p. 609.Newton, H. F. C. 1931. Notes on some parasites reared from flea-beetles of the genusPhyllotreta (Chrysomelidae). Ent. mon. Mag., 67: 82-84.Ogloblin, A. A. 1913. On the biology of coccinelids. (In Russian.) Rev. Russ. Ent., 13:27-43, St. Petersburg.Peterson, A. 1932. A new braconid parasite of flea beetles. (Unpublished, 10 typed pp.)178 JOHN E. LANE Vol. L I I ISpeyer, W. 1925. Perilitus melanopus Ruthe (Hym., Braconidae) als imaginalparasit vonCeutorrhynchus quadridens Panz. Zeitschr. angew, Ent., Berlin, 11: 132-146.1933. Die an der Neiderelbe in obstbaum-fang-giirtlen uber-winternden insekten IIMitteiling. Coleoptera: Bruchidae, Anthribidae, Curculionidae. Z. Pfl. Krankh. 43:517-533, Stuttgart, 1933. (Abs. R. A. E. (A) 21: p. 581.)Szepligeti, G. 1904. Hymenoptera, Fam. Braconidae in Genera Insectorum: pp. 1-253,V. Verteneuil and L. Desmet, Brussels.Timberlake, P. H. 1917. Notes on some of the immigrant parasitic Hymenoptera of theHawaiian Islands. Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc, 3: 399-404.Ulashkevich, M. I. 1936. Nodule weevils of the species Sitona lineata L. and Sitona crinataHbst. (In Russian.) Vinnitza Reg. Agric. Expt. Sta. No. 23: 75 pp., Kiev, 1935. (Abs.R. A. E. (A) 24: 452-454.)Zorina, L. M. 1939. Some data on the biology of the Convolvus flea-beetles. (In Russian.)Bui. Inst. Zool. appl. Phytopath., 7: 34-43, Leningrad. (Abs. R. A. E. (A) 29: p. 479.)

Species, Distribution, and Host Records of the Braconid Genera Microctonus and Perilitus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

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Species, Distribution, and Host Records of the Braconid Genera Microctonus and Perilitus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

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