Методом лежащей капли изучается температурная зависимость поверхностного натяжения расплава Pb + 0,019 мас.% Ca. На политерме поверхностного натяжения обнаружен максимум

Кашежев, А.3.

Понежев, М.X.

Созаев, В.А.

Хасанов, А.И.

Tver State University Repository

ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɌɜȽɍ. ɋɟɪɢɹ "Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ". 2009. ȼɵɩɭɫɤ 6. ɎɂɁɂɄȺ ɆȿɀɎȺɁɇɕɏ əȼɅȿɇɂɃ ɂɇȺɇɈɋɂɋɌȿɆɋ. 71-75.ɍȾɄ 532.64:546.311 ɌȿɆɉȿɊȺɌɍɊɇȺə ɁȺȼɂɋɂɆɈɋɌɖ ɉɈȼȿɊɏɇɈɋɌɇɈȽɈɇȺɌəɀȿɇɂə ɊȺɋɉɅȺȼȺ ɋȼɂɇȿɐ-ɄȺɅɖɐɂɃȺ. Ɂ. Ʉɚɲɟɠɟɜ1,Ɇ. ɏ. ɉɨɧɟɠɟɜ1, ȼ. Ⱥ. ɋɨɡɚɟɜ2, Ⱥ. ɂ. ɏɚɫɚɧɨɜ31Ʉɚɛɚɪɞɢɧɨ-Ȼɚɥɤɚɪɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɢɦ. ɏ.Ɇ. Ȼɟɪɛɟɤɨɜɚ,ɝ. ɇɚɥɶɱɢɤ2ɋɟɜɟɪɨ-Ʉɚɜɤɚɡɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɪɧɨ-ɦɟɬɚɥɥɭɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬ, ɝ. ȼɥɚɞɢɤɚɜɤɚɡ3Ʉɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬ ɊȺɇ, ɝ. ȽɪɨɡɧɵɣɆɟɬɨɞɨɦ ɥɟɠɚɳɟɣ ɤɚɩɥɢ ɢɡɭɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɩɥɚɜɚ Pb + 0,019 ɦɚɫ.% Ca. ɇɚ ɩɨɥɢɬɟɪɦɟɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɭɦ.Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɟ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ, ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɵɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɪɚɫɩɥɚɜɨɜ, ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɫɜɢɧɟɰ–ɤɚɥɶɰɢɣTEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF THE SURFACE TENSION OF LEAD-CALCIUM MELT  A. Z. Kashezhev1,Ɇ. H. Ponezhev1, V. Ⱥ. Sozaev2, Ⱥ. I. Khasanov31H. M. Berbekov Kabardino-Balkaria State University, Nalchik 2North Caucasus Mining and Metallurgical Institute, Vladikavkaz 3Integrated Scientific Research Institute of RAS, Grozny The temperature dependence of Pb + 0,019 mass% Ca melt surface tension is studied by the method of lying drop. A maximum on the surface tension polyterm is found. Keywords: surface tension, melt surface properties, lead–calcium system ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ. ɇɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɵɦ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦ ɪɚɫɩɥɚɜɨɜ [1; 2], ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɦɚɥɵɯ ɞɨɛɚɜɨɤɳɟɥɨɱɧɵɯ ɢ ɳɟɥɨɱɧɨɡɟɦɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɟ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɟɫɜɢɧɰɚ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɨ ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ. ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɩɵɬɤɚ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɢɬɟɪɦɵ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɩɥɚɜɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɜɢɧɟɰ-ɤɚɥɶɰɢɣ.Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ. ɂɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ ɥɟɠɚɳɟɣ ɤɚɩɥɢ ɧɚ ɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɣɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɫ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɣɮɨɬɨɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɭɪɵ. Ɉɛɦɟɪ ɮɨɬɨɝɪɚɮɢɣ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɥɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ- 71 -ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɌɜȽɍ. ɋɟɪɢɹ "Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ". 2009. ȼɵɩɭɫɤ 6. ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɬɟɩɥɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ [3]. Ɉɛɪɚɡɰɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɜɢɧɟɰ-ɤɚɥɶɰɢɣ ɝɨɬɨɜɢɥɢɫɶ ɜ Ɏɢɡɢɤɨ-ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɟ ɧɢɡɤɢɯ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ ɢɦ. Ȼ. ɂ. ȼɟɪɤɢɧɚ ɇȺɇɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ (ɝ. ɏɚɪɶɤɨɜ), ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɞɨ ɨɩɵɬɨɜ ɯɪɚɧɢɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɫɢɥɢɤɨɧɨɜɨɦɦɚɫɥɟ. ɉɟɪɟɞ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɨɬɤɚɱɢɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ 40 ɦɢɧɭɬɞɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ 0,01 ɉɚ, ɞɚɥɟɟ ɤɚɩɥɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɜɨɪɨɧɤɭɫ ɢɡɨɝɧɭɬɵɦ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɦ ɩɨɞɚɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɱɚɲɟɱɤɭ ɢɡ ɝɪɚɮɢɬɚ, ɢ ɡɚɬɟɦɧɚɩɭɫɤɚɥɫɹ ɝɟɥɢɣ. ȼɵɞɟɪɠɤɚ ɤɚɩɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɚ 5 ɦɢɧɭɬ, ɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɫɟɞɧɢɦɢ ɫɴɟɦɤɚɦɢ – 2 ɦɢɧɭɬɵ.Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɹɫɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɤɚɩɥɢ ɫ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɨɦɩɨɞɥɨɠɤɢ ɛɵɥ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧ ɨɩɵɬ ɩɨ ɫɦɚɱɢɜɚɧɢɸ ɝɪɚɮɢɬɚ ɱɢɫɬɵɦɫɜɢɧɰɨɦ, ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 1. 600 700 800 900 1000 1100130135140145150155160T,ɝɪɚɞT, KɊ ɢ ɫ .  1 .  ɉɨɥɢɬɟɪɦɚ ɭɝɥɚ ɫɦɚɱɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɮɢɬɚ ɫɜɢɧɰɨɦɂɡ ɪɢɫ. 1 ɜɢɞɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɫ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɭɝɨɥɫɦɚɱɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɮɢɬɚ ɫɜɢɧɰɨɦ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨ ɩɨɧɢɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ T(Ɍ) ɢɦɟɟɬ ɜɢɞ T = 165 – 0,022 T. ȼɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɨɦɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ T > 140q, ɱɬɨ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɦɨɝɨɦɟɠɮɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɜɢɧɰɨɦ ɢ ɝɪɚɮɢɬɨɦ.Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ. Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɫɜɢɧɟɰ-ɤɚɥɶɰɢɣ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɧɚɪɢɫ. 2 ɢ 3. Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɫɜɢɧɟɰ-ɤɚɥɶɰɢɣ ɯɨɪɨɲɨɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɣ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶɸ U [ɤɝ/ɦ3] = 11767,87 – 0,18 T [K], ɜ ɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɚɤ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɢɬɟɪɦɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɦɚɤɫɢɦɭɦ ɩɪɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ T ~ 1115 K, ɪɢɫ. 3. ȼ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɨɬ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɭɦɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɟ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɭɛɵɜɚɟɬ ɩɨ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɦɭɡɚɤɨɧɭ V [ɦɇ/ɦ]= 519,90 – 0,11 T [K].- 72 -ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɌɜȽɍ. ɋɟɪɢɹ "Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ". 2009. ȼɵɩɭɫɤ 6. 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150104001050010600107001080010900U,ɤɝ/ɦ3T, KɊ ɢ ɫ .  2. Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɩɥɚɜɚ Pb + 0,019 ɦɚɫ.% Ca 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150370380390400410420V,ɦɇ/ɦT, KɊ ɢ ɫ .  3. Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɩɥɚɜɚPb + 0,019 ɦɚɫ.% Ca ȼ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɫɜɢɧɟɰ-ɤɚɥɶɰɢɣ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣɧɟɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɢɬɟɪɦ ɉɇ ɦɨɝɥɨ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɚɪɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɥɶɰɢɹ(ɯɨɬɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɟ ɝɟɥɢɹ).ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɥɨɜɨ-ɤɚɥɶɰɢɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ, ɚɩɩɪɨɤɫɢɦɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɨɬ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɭɦɚ, ɛɥɢɡɤɢ ɤ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɦɞɥɹ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɯ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɟɣ ɱɢɫɬɨɝɨ ɫɜɢɧɰɚ. Ɍɚɤ, ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦɵɟɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹɫɜɢɧɰɚ (ɱɢɫɬɨɬɨɣ 99,999 ɦɚɫ.%) ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ [1]: dV/dT =  0,085 ɦɇ/(ɦuK). ɍɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚ, ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ- 73 -ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɌɜȽɍ. ɋɟɪɢɹ "Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ". 2009. ȼɵɩɭɫɤ 6. ɛɥɢɡɤɢɟ ɤ ɧɚɲɢɦ, ɛɵɥɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɵ ɜ [4; 5], ɝɞɟ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɝɪɚɮɢɬɨɜɵɯ ɩɨɞɥɨɠɟɤ ɜ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɟ ɝɟɥɢɹ [4] ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɨdV/dT =  0,085 ɦɇ/(ɦuK), ɚ ɞɥɹ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ 823–1273 K [5] ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ dV/dT =  0,11 ɦɇ/(ɦuK).ɉɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɭɦɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɢɬɟɪɦɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɫɜɢɧɟɰ–ɤɚɥɶɰɢɣ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ,ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɋ. ɂ. ɉɨɩɟɥɟɦ ɢ ȼ. ȼ. ɉɚɜɥɨɜɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɝɨɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ [6]: ¦¦¦ Z Z Z VVZZZVVZVZZ Vkiiiikiiiikiiii xTdTdxdTdxdTd111)(1)(11, (1) ɝɞɟ ı – ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɟ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ, Ɍ – ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ,  – ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹi-ɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ,ZixiZ  – ɩɚɪɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ (ikiix Z Z ¦ Z1),iV  – ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ, ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɳɢɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɭɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɦɨɥɹ i-ɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɢɡ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ, k – ɱɢɫɥɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ.ɉɟɪɜɨɟ ɫɥɚɝɚɟɦɨɟ ɜ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɢ (1) ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɢɡ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɵɣ ɫɥɨɣ,ɨɬɧɟɫɟɧɧɨɣ ɤ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ. ɗɬɨɬ ɜɤɥɚɞ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɟɧ ɢɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ. ȼɬɨɪɨɟ ɫɥɚɝɚɟɦɨɟ ɜ (1) ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɨɥɹɪɧɵɯ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɟɣ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɝɨɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɦɚɥɨ ɩɨ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ. Ɍɪɟɬɶɟɫɥɚɝɚɟɦɨɟ ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɚɞɫɨɪɛɰɢɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɪɚɫɩɥɚɜɚ ɫɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ. Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɨɫɬɵɯ ɛɢɧɚɪɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɬɪɟɬɢɣ ɜɤɥɚɞɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɟɧ ɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ Ɍ0, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɉɇ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɧɭɥɶ. ɉɪɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɯT < T0 ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɚ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɣ dV/dT > 0, ɱɬɨ ɢɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɧɚɲɟɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ. ɉɪɢ T > T0 ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ dV/dT < 0 ɢɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ V(T), ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɥɢɧɟɣɧɵ [1].ɋɩɢɫɨɤ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ1. ɉɨɩɟɥɶ, ɋ. ɂ. ɉɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɵɟ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɫɩɥɚɜɚɯ / ɋ. ɂ. ɉɨɩɟɥɶ. – Ɇ.:Ɇɟɬɚɥɥɭɪɝɢɹ. 1994. 432 ɫ.2. Ⱦɚɞɚɲɟɜ, Ɋ. ɏ. Ɍɟɪɦɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ / Ɋ. ɏ. Ⱦɚɞɚɲɟɜ. – Ɇ.: Ɏɢɡɦɚɬɥɢɬ. – 2007. – 278 ɫ.3. Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɨɪ, Ʌ. Ȼ. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɬɟɩɥɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɟɣ / Ʌ. Ȼ. Ⱦɢɪɟɤɬɨɪ, Ⱥ. Ɂ. Ʉɚɲɟɠɟɜ,ɂ. Ʌ.Ɇɚɣɤɨɜ, Ⱥ. Ƚ.Ɇɨɡɝɨɜɨɣ, Ɇ. ɏ. ɉɨɧɟɠɟɜ, ȼ. Ⱥ. ɋɨɡɚɟɜ / Ɍɟɡɢɫɵɞɨɤɥɚɞɨɜ Ɇɟɠɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɚ «Ɍɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɳɟɥɨɱɧɵɯɠɢɞɤɨɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɬɟɩɥɨɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ» (Ɍɟɩɥɨɮɢɡɢɤɚ-2009), 28-30 ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ2009. – Ɉɛɧɢɧɫɤ. – 2009. – ɋ. 46-47. - 74 -ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɌɜȽɍ. ɋɟɪɢɹ "Ɏɢɡɢɤɚ". 2009. ȼɵɩɭɫɤ 6. 4. Ʉɚɧɱɭɤɨɟɜ, ȼ. Ɂ. ɉɨɥɢɬɟɪɦɵ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢɪɚɫɩɥɚɜɨɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɜɢɧɟɰ-ɥɢɬɢɣ / ȼ. Ɂ. Ʉɚɧɱɭɤɨɟɜ, Ɇ. ɏ. ɉɨɧɟɠɟɜɚ,Ⱥ. Ȼ. ɋɨɡɚɟɜɚ, ȼ. Ⱥ. ɋɨɡɚɟɜ // Ɍɟɩɥɨɮɢɡɢɤɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ. – 2009. – Ɍ. 47, ʋ 92. – ɋ. 311-314. 5. Joud, J. C. Determinasion de la tension superficielle des alliages Ag-Pb et Cu-Pb par la methode de la goutte posse / J. C. Joud, N. Eustathopoulos, A. Bricard, P. Desre // J. Chim Phys. et Phys.-Chim. Biol. – 1973. – V. 70. – Ɋ. 1290-1294. 6. ɉɨɩɟɥɶ, ɋ. ɂ. Ɍɟɪɦɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɨɜ / ɋ. ɂ. ɉɨɩɟɥɶ, ȼ. ȼ. ɉɚɜɥɨɜ / ȼ ɤɧ.: ɉɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɵɟ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɚɫɩɥɚɜɚɯ ɢ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɢɯ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɯ ɮɚɡɚɯ. – ɇɚɥɶɱɢɤ: ɄȻȽɍ. – 1965. – ɋ. 46-60. Ɉɛ ɚɜɬɨɪɚɯ:KȺɒȿɀȿȼ Ⱥ. Ɂ. – ɚɫɩɢɪɚɧɬ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɵ ɧɚɧɨɱɚɫɬɢɰ Ʉɚɛɚɪɞɢɧɨ-Ȼɚɥɤɚɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ;ɋɈɁȺȿȼ ȼ.Ⱥ. – ɞɨɤɬɨɪ ɮɢɡ.-ɦɚɬ ɧɚɭɤ, ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪ, ɡɚɜɟɞɭɸɳɢɣɤɚɮɟɞɪɨɣ ɮɢɡɢɤɢ ɋɟɜɟɪɨ-Ʉɚɜɤɚɡɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɧɨ-ɦɟɬɚɥɥɭɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɚ- 75 -

ТЕМПЕРАТУРНАЯ ЗАВИСИМОСТЬ ПОВЕРХНОСТНОГО НАТЯЖЕНИЯ РАСПЛАВА СВИНЕЦ-КАЛЬЦИЙ

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ТЕМПЕРАТУРНАЯ ЗАВИСИМОСТЬ ПОВЕРХНОСТНОГО НАТЯЖЕНИЯ РАСПЛАВА СВИНЕЦ-КАЛЬЦИЙ

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