Buchanan, Thomas M.

Burnley, Tim

Farwick, Jeff

Oliver, Mark

Saul, Diana

Shirley, Ken

Smith, Jerry

ScholarWorks@UARK

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of ScienceVolume 54 Article 252000New Arkansas Records for Two NonindigenousFish Species, With a Summary of PreviousIntroductions of Nonnative Fishes in ArkansasThomas M. BuchananUniversity of Arkansas at Fort SmithJerry SmithArkansas Game &Fish CommissionDiana SaulArkansas Game &Fish CommissionJeff FarwickArkansas Game &Fish CommissionTim BurnleyArkansas Game &Fish CommissionSee next page for additional authorsFollow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaasPart of the Zoology CommonsThis article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able toread, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking priorpermission from the publisher or the author.This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the ArkansasAcademy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu.Recommended CitationBuchanan, Thomas M.; Smith, Jerry; Saul, Diana; Farwick, Jeff; Burnley, Tim; Oliver, Mark; and Shirley (2000) "New ArkansasRecords for Two Nonindigenous Fish Species, With a Summary of Previous Introductions of Nonnative Fishes in Arkansas," Journal ofthe Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 54 , Article 25.Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol54/iss1/25New Arkansas Records for Two Nonindigenous Fish Species, With aSummary of Previous Introductions of Nonnative Fishes in ArkansasAuthorsThomas M. Buchanan, Jerry Smith, Diana Saul, Jeff Farwick, Tim Burnley, Mark Oliver, and ShirleyThis general note is available in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol54/iss1/251?143GENERAL NOTESNew Arkansas Records for Two Nonindigenous Fish Species, With aSummary of Previous Introductions ofNonnative Fishes in ArkansasThomas M.Buchanan* Jerry Smith, Diana Saul, Jeff Farwick,TimBurnley, Mark Oliver, and Ken ShirleyDepartment of BiologyWestark CollegeFort Smith, AR 72913Arkansas Game &Fish Commission2 Natural Resources DriveLittle Rock, AR 72205*Corresponding AuthorFish sampling with the chemical toxicant rotenone in1998 and 1999 produced the first vouchered specimensfrom Arkansas of two nonindigenous fish species. The spec-imens were deposited in the Westark Zoology Collection(WZC) of Westark College. On 11 August 1998, two bluetilapia, Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner) (WZC-1601), 190and 193 mm total length (TL), were collected from Pool 2 ofthe Arkansas River in Jefferson Co., AR, 3.2 km down-stream from Dam 3 (Sec 34, T6S, R6W). The identity ofthese specimens was confirmed by Pam Fuller, Leo Nico,and William Smith-Vaniz of the Nonindigenous AquaticSpecies Program of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Theblue tilapia, family Cichlidae, is native to tropical and sub-tropical Africa and the Middle East and has been reportedfrom thirteen states in the United States (Fuller et al., 1999).Itis considered locally established orpossibly established inten states including Oklahoma and Texas. The blue tilapia isa potential competitor with native fishes for food and spawn-ing sites, and Courtenay and Robins (1973) reported that inFlorida streams where this species was abundant, most ofthe vegetation and nearly allnative fishes disappeared. Theintroduction source of our specimens of 0. aureus is notknown; however, the blue tilapia is commonly sold for baitand raised in farm ponds for food in Arkansas (A. Carter,Arkansas Game &Fish Commission, pers. comm.).One specimen (WZC-1611) of yellow perch, Percaflavescens (Mitchill), 72 mm TL, was collected from theTrimble Creek arm of BullShoals Lake inMarion Co., AR(Sec 28/T21N, R17W) on 26 August 1999. This northern andeastern North American member of the family Percidae isnative to the Atlantic, Arctic, Great Lakes, and upperMississippi River basins south to Missouri and has beenwidely stocked throughout the United States as a food andsport fish (Fuller et al., 1999). The yellow perch was report-edly stocked inArkansas in 1918 (O'Malley, 1920), but therehave been no subsequent reports of its capture in this stateuntilnow. This species has become established inmost areasof the United States where it has been introduced. Thesource of our P. flavescens specimen is not known, but therehave been no intentional recent introductions of this speciesin Arkansas by state or federal agencies.Table 1 lists the currently known nonnative fishes thathave been either intentionally or accidentally introducedinto Arkansas. Robison and Buchanan (1988) reported 18nonnative fish species and later added Arkansas records foran additional species, the rudd, Scardinius erythrophthalmus(Robison and Buchanan, 1993). In 1995 a redbellied pacu,Piaractus brachypomus, family Characidae, was caught in acemetery pond in Fayetteville, Washington Co., AR(Wright, 1995a; 1995b). There have been additional reportsof unidentified pacus taken in Arkansas in the 1990s fromLake Valencia (Pulaski Co.), the Arkansas River near LittleRock, and Beaver Lake (Fuller et al., 1999). Allpacu recordsprobably represent aquarium releases because the pacu is acommonly kept aquarium fish. Additional early unsuccess-ful attempts were made in the 1800s to establish theAmerican shad, Alosa sapidissima, and the tench, Tinea tinea,in Arkansas (Baird, 1878; Baughman, 1947). Buchanan(1973) reported the capture of one kokanee salmon,Oncorhynchus nerka, from Bull Shoals Lake in 1969. Thatspecimen probably came from Missouri because theMissouri Department of Conservation introduced kokaneesalmon into Lake Taneycomo, a White River impoundmentjust upstream fromBullShoals Lake, in the mid 1960s.Our records for blue tilapia and yellow perch bring theknown number of nonnative fish species introduced intoArkansas to 25. We did not include any of the known intro-duced hybrid combinations in this report. Twelve of theintroduced species are considered established in Arkansasbecause they maintain reproducing populations in the stateor because they are continually restocked, e.g., the fiveestablished trout species. Eight of the introduced species areconsidered extirpated from Arkansas, and four of thespecies are ofundetermined status.Literature CitedBaird, S. F. 1878. Report of the Commissioner of Fish andFisheries for 1875-1876. Part IV. U.S. Commission ofFish and Fisheries, Washington, D.C.Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 54, 2000143Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 54 [2000], Art. 25Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 2000144New Arkansas Records for Two Nonindigenous Fish Species, With a Summary of Previous Introductions ofNonnative Fishes in ArkansasBaughman, J. L. 1947. The tench in America. Journal ofWildlife Management 11(3):197-204.Buchanan, T. M. 1973. Key to the fishes of Arkansas.Arkansas Game &Fish Commission, Little Rock. 68 pp.plus 198 maps.Courtenay, W. R., Jr., and C. R. Robins. 1973. Exoticaquatic organisms in Florida with emphasis on fishes: areview and recommendations. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.102:1-12.Fuller, P. L., L. G. Nico, and J. D. Williams. 1999.Nonindigenous fishes introduced into inland waters ofthe United States. American Fisheries Society,Bethesda, Maryland, 613 pp.O'Malley, H. 1920. The distribution of fish and fish eggsduring the fiscal year 1918. Appendix I.Bulletin of theU.S. Fish Commission for 1918, 1-82 pp.Robison, H. W. and T. M. Buchanan. 1988. Fishes ofArkansas. Univ. Arkansas Press, Fayetteville, 536 pp.Robison, H. W. and T. M. Buchanan. 1993. Changes inthe nomenclature and composition of the Arkansas fishfauna from 1988 to 1993. Proc. Arkansas Acad. Sci.47:145-148.Wright, S. 1995a. A fishy situation. Northwest ArkansasTimes (June 7) 129(350) :A1,Fayetteville.Wright, S. 1995b. Piranha or pacu? It's still a whale of atale. Northwest Arkansas Times (June 7) 129(350) :B6,Fayetteville.Table 1. Nonnative fishes introduced into Arkansas, with the native range and current Arkansas status listed for each species.Taxon Native range Arkansas statusFamily Clupeidae -Herrings and Shad1. Alosa sapidissima North America: Atlantic ExtirpatedAmerican shad CoastFamily Cyprinidae -Minnows and Carps2. Carassius aumtus Eastern Asia EstablishedGoldfish3. Ctenopharyngodon idella Eastern Asia EstablishedGrass carp4. Cyprinus carpio Eurasia EstablishedCommon carp5. Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Eastern Asia EstablishedSilver carp6. Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Eastern Asia EstablishedBighead carp7. Scardinius erythrophthalmus Western Europe UnknownRudd8. Tinea tinea Europe and Western ExtirpatedTench AsiaFamily Characidae - Characins9. Piaractus brachypomus South America: Orinoco Aquarium releaseRedbellied pacu and Amazon River basinsFamily Ictaluridae -Bullhead catfishes10. Ameiurus catus North America: Atlantic ExtirpatedWhite catfish and GulfSlope drainagesFamily Esocidae - Pikes11. Esox lucius Northern North America ExtirpatedNorthern pike12. Esox masquinongy Northern North America ExtirpatedMuskellungeFamily Osmeridae - Smelts13. Osmerus mordax North America: Great UnknownRainbow smelt Lakes, Arctic,and PacificdrainagesJournal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 54, 2000144Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 54 [2000], Art. 25http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol54/iss1/25145J,11U1I1U.J • -¦-» »**• •* *J y 9 •**** K^**»* J V» •*» 9 5 ShirleyTable 1. Continued:Family Salmonidae - Trouts14. Oncorhynchus clarki North America: Pacific Established*Cutthroat trout Coast drainages15. Oncorhynchus mykiss North America: Pacific Established*Rainbow trout Slope drainages16. Oncorhynchus nerka North America: Pacific ExtirpatedKokanee salmon Slope drainages17. Salmo trutta Europe, northern Africa, Established*Brown trout western Asia18. Salvelinus fontinalis North America: Atlantic, Established*Brook trout Great Lakes, and upperMississippi River basins19. Salvelinus namaycush Northern North America Established*Lake troutFamily Moronidae - Temperate basses20. Morone saxatilis North America: Atlantic EstablishedStriped bass and Gulf Slope drainagesFamily Centrarchidae - Sunfishes21. Ambloplites rupestris North America: Atlantic, EstablishedRock bass Great Lakes, and upperMississippi River basins22. Lepomis auritus North America: Atlantic ExtirpatedRedbreast sunfish and Gulf Slope drainages23. Micropterus coosae North America: North ExtirpatedRedeye bass Carolina and Tennessee toAlabama and GeorgiaFamily Percidae - Perches24. Perca flavescens North America: Atlantic, UnknownYellow perch Arctic, Great Lakes, andupper Mississippi RiverbasinsFamily Cichlidae - Cichlids25. Oreochromis aureus Africa and the Middle East UnknownBlue tilapia*A species maintained in Arkansas by frequent stockinJournal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 54, 2000145Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 54 [2000], Art. 25Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 2000

New Arkansas Records for Two Nonindigenous Fish Species, With a Summary of Previous Introductions of Nonnative Fishes in Arkansas

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

ScholarWorks@UARK