Amin, O.

McAllister, Chris T.

UARK (University of Arkansas )

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science Volume 62 Article 26 2008 Acanthocephalan Parasites (Echinorhynchida: Heteracanthocephalidae; Pomphorhynchidae) from the Pirate Perch (Percopsiformes: Aphredoderidae), from the Caddo River, Arkansas Chris T. McAllister cmcallister@se.edu O. Amin Institute of Parasitic Diseases Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas  Part of the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons, and the Zoology Commons Recommended Citation McAllister, Chris T. and Amin, O. (2008) "Acanthocephalan Parasites (Echinorhynchida: Heteracanthocephalidae; Pomphorhynchidae) from the Pirate Perch (Percopsiformes: Aphredoderidae), from the Caddo River, Arkansas," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 62, Article 26. Available at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol62/iss1/26 This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu, uarepos@uark.edu. Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 62, 2008151Acanthocephalan Parasites (Echinorhynchida: Heteracanthocephalidae;Pomphorhynchidae) from the Pirate Perch (Percopsiformes: Aphredoderidae), fromthe Caddo River, ArkansasC. McAllister1, 3 and O. Amin21RapidWrite, 102 Brown Street, Hot Springs National Park, AR 719132Institute of Parasitic Diseases, P. O. Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 852853Correspondence: drctmcallister@aol.comThe pirate perch, Aphredoderus sayanus, the onlysurviving member of the North American familyAphredoderidae, occurs throughout Arkansas in theCoastal Plain physiographic region and where itinhabits oxbow lakes, swamps, ditches, quiet ponds,and small rivers and streams (Lee 1980; Robison andBuchanan 1988). It is found in both clear and turbidwater, often over a soft muddy bottom where it feedson various invertebrates, especially insects (Becker1983; Smith 1979). This fish is well-known for havingthe anus and urogenital openings jugular between thegill membranes in the adult where they migratedforward from the normal abdominal position in thejuvenile during development (Page and Burr 1991).The pirate perch has been the subject of severalendoparasite surveys (Hopkins 1933; Elkins andCorkum 1976; Cooper 1996), some of which reportacanthocephalan parasites from this host (Buckner andBuckner 1976; Williams 1976; Sukhdeo andHernandez 2005; Hernandez et al. 2007). Herein wedocument new host and geographic records for 2acanthocephalans from pirate perches from centralArkansas.Four A. sayanus (mean = 30 ± 2.4, range = 27-33mm standard length) were collected on 10 June 2002with standard nylon seines (6 x 1.5 m and 9 x 1.5 m of3.2 mm mesh) from the Caddo River at St. Hwy 7bridge, Clark County (Sec. 31, T6S, R20W). Theywere placed in 10% formalin and returned to thelaboratory for examination of helminth parasites. Theentire gastrointestinal tract and coelomic cavity wasexamined. Acanthocephalans were transferred to 70%ethanol and shipped to the junior author (OA) foridentification and further processing. Specimens werepunctured with a fine needle and subsequently stainedin Mayer’s acid carmine, destained in 4% HCL in 70%ethanol, dehydrated in ascending concentrations ofethanol to 100% (24hr each), cleared in graduated(increasing) concentration of terpineol in 100% ethanolto 100%, then 50% terpineol and 50% Canada balsam(24 hr each), and finally whole mounted in Canadabalsam. Voucher specimens of parasites weredeposited in the United States National ParasiteCollection (USNPC), Beltsville, Maryland. Voucherspecimens of A. sayanus were deposited in the fishcollection at Henderson State University, Arkadelphia,Arkansas as HSU 3185.One of 4 (25%) pirate perches (33 mm) was foundto be co-infected in the posterior intestine with a singlepomphorhynchid acanthocephalan, Pomphorhynchuslucyi Williams and Rogers, 1984 (USNPC 100602),and 3 (2 males, 1 female) heteracanthocephalidsclosest to Aspersentis Van Cleave, 1929 (USNPC100603). The specimen of P. lucyi possessed 15proboscis hooks per row rather than 20-23, which ismore typical of the species (Williams and Rogers1984). However, all other morphologicalcharacteristics fit the description of P. lucyi (see Aminet al. 2003 for key to species).The type host of P. lucyi is the lake chubsucker,Erimyzon sucetta from Florida (Williams and Rogers1984). Other hosts include several species (andfamilies) of fresh and brackish water fishes of thesoutheastern Gulf Coast of the United States (primarilyAlabama and Florida), including Amia calva,Notemigonus chrysoleucus, Opsopoeodus emiliae,Carpiodes velifer, Minytrema melanops, Lepomisauritis, L. gulosus, L. macrochirus, L. marginatus, L.microlophus, L. punctatus, Stronglura marina,Anguilla rostrata, and Ameiurus serracanthus(Williams and Rogers 1984). Eleven of these hostsoccur in the Caddo River (Robison and Buchanan1988).Interestingly, heteracanthocephalids are parasites offishes in New Zealand, the former Soviet Union,Antarctica, and the Kerguelen and Falkland Islands(Amin 1982), and Aspersentis spp. are parasites offishes in Antarctic and subAntarctic regions(Zdzitowiecki and White 1996; Palm et al. 1998;Zdzitowiecki 1981, 2001; Pichelin et al. 2002;Laskowski and Zdzitowiecki 2004, 2005).Unfortunately, our 3 specimens ofheteracanthocephalids were contracted which renderedthem less taxonomically informative than desirable forC. McAllister and O. AminJournal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 62, 2008152definitive identification beyond family. Nevertheless,both acanthocephalans represent new host andnoteworthy geographic records. In the future, wesuggest a clinal study on P. lucyi as well as specificattempts at obtaining relaxed specimens of theheteracanthocephalids for specific identity.AcknowledgmentsWe thank the Arkansas Game and Fish Commissionfor a Scientific Collecting Permit issued to CM andPatricia Pilitt (USNPC) and Dr. Renn Tumlison (HSU)for curatorial assistance.Literature CitedAmin OM. 1982. Acanthocephala. In: Parker SP,editor. Synopsis and classification of livingorganisms. New York: McGraw-Hill BookCompany. p 933-941.Amin, OM, SMA Abdullah, and FT Mhaisen. 2003.Description of Pomphorhynchus spindletruncatusn. sp. (Acanthocephala: Pomphorhyncidae) fromfreshwater fishes in northern Iraq, with the erectionof a new pomphorhynchid genus, Pyriproboscis n.gen., and keys to genera of the Pomphorhynchidaeand the species of Pomphorhynchus Monticelli,1905. Systematic Parasitology 54:229-235.Becker GC. 1983. The fishes of Wisconsin. Madison:University of Wisconsin Press. 1052 p.Bucker RL and SC Buckner. 1976. A new species ofLeptorhynchoides Kostylev 1924(Acanthocephala) from the pirate perch,Aphredoderus sayanus (Gilliams). Journal ofParasitology 62:955-958.Cooper JE. 1996. Parasites and cyclopoid predatorsof age-0 fish in the Roanoke River, North Carolina.Estuaries 19:146-161.Elkins CA and KC Corkum. 1976. Growthdynamics and seasonal prevalence ofCrepidostomum isostomum and Phyllodistomumpearsei in Aphredoderus sayanus. Journal ofWildlife Diseases 12:208-214.Hernandez AD, JF Bunnell, and MVK Sukhdeo.2007. Composition and diversity patterns inmetazoan parasite communities and anthropogenicdisturbance in stream ecosystems. Parasitology134:91-102.Hopkins S. 1933. Note on the life history ofClinostomum marginatum (Trematoda).Transactions of the American MicroscopicalSociety 52: 147-149.Laskowski Z and K Zdzitowiecki. 2004. Newmorphological data on a sub-Antarcticacanthocephalan, Aspersentis johni (Baylius, 1929)(Palaeacanthocephala: Heteracanthocephalidae).Systematic Parasitology 59:39-44.Laskowski Z and K Zdzitowiecki. 2005. Thehelminth fauna of some notothenioid fishescollected from the shelf of Argentine Islands, WestAntarctica. Polish Polar Research 26:315-324.Lee DS. 1980. Aphredoderus sayanus. In Lee DS,Gilbert CR, Hocutt CH, Jenkins RE, McAllisterDE, and Stauffer JR Jr., editors. Atlas of NorthAmerican freshwater fishes. Raleigh: NorthCarolina State Museum of Natural History. p 484.Page LM and BM Burr. 1991. A field guide tofreshwater fishes: North America north of Mexico.Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. 432 p.Palm HW, N Reimann, M Spindler, and J. Plotz.1998. The role of the rock cod Nototheniacoriiceps Richardson, 1844 in the life-cycle ofAntarctic parasites. Polar Biology 19:399-406.Pichelin S, L Smales, and R. Bray. A discussion onthe Heteracanthocephalidae Petrochenko, 1956(Acanthocephala: Palaeacanthocephala).Systematic Parasitology 52:145-152.Robison HW and TM Buchanan. 1988. Fishes ofArkansas. Fayetteville: University of ArkansasPress. 536 p.Smith PW. 1979. The fishes of Illinois. Urbana:University of Illinois Press. 314 p.Sukhdeo MVK and AD Hernandez. 2005. Food webpatterns and parasite’s perspectives. In Thomas F,Renaud F, and Guégan J-F, editors. Parasitism &ecosystems. UK: Oxford University Press. 231 p.Williams EH Jr. 1976. Pilum pilum gen. et sp. n.(Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) fromfreshwater fishes of the southeastern United States.Journal of Parasitology 62:102-104.Williams EH Jr and WA Rogers. 1984.Pomphorhynchus lucyi sp. n. (Acanthocephala)from fresh and brackish water fishes of thesoutheastern U.S. Gulf Coast. Journal ofParasitology 70:580-583.Zdzitowiecki K. 1981. Redescription of Aspersentisaustrinus Van Cleave, 1929 (Acanthocephala).Acta Parasitologica Polonica 28:73-83.Zdzitowiecki K. 2001. Acanthocephala occurring inintermediate hosts, amphipods, in Admiralty Bay(South Shetland Islands, Antarctica). ActaParasitologica 46:202-207.Zdzitowiecki K and MG White. 1996.Acanthocephalan infection of inshore fishes at theSouth Orkney Islands. Antarctic Science 8:273-276.

English

Acanthocephalan Parasites (Echinorhynchida: Heteracanthocephalidae; Pomphorhynchidae) from the Pirate Perch (Percopsiformes: Aphredoderidae), from the Caddo River, Arkansas

ScholarWorks@UARK

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of ScienceVolume 62 Article 262008Acanthocephalan Parasites (Echinorhynchida:Heteracanthocephalidae; Pomphorhynchidae)from the Pirate Perch (Percopsiformes:Aphredoderidae), from the Caddo River, ArkansasChris T. McAllisterdrctmcallister@aol.comO. AminInstitute of Parasitic DiseasesFollow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaasPart of the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons, and the Zoology CommonsThis article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able toread, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking priorpermission from the publisher or the author.This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the ArkansasAcademy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu.Recommended CitationMcAllister, Chris T. and Amin, O. (2008) "Acanthocephalan Parasites (Echinorhynchida: Heteracanthocephalidae;Pomphorhynchidae) from the Pirate Perch (Percopsiformes: Aphredoderidae), from the Caddo River, Arkansas," Journal of theArkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 62 , Article 26.Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol62/iss1/26Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 62, 2008151Acanthocephalan Parasites (Echinorhynchida: Heteracanthocephalidae;Pomphorhynchidae) from the Pirate Perch (Percopsiformes: Aphredoderidae), fromthe Caddo River, ArkansasC. McAllister1, 3 and O. Amin21RapidWrite, 102 Brown Street, Hot Springs National Park, AR 719132Institute of Parasitic Diseases, P. O. Box 28372, Tempe, AZ 852853Correspondence: drctmcallister@aol.comThe pirate perch, Aphredoderus sayanus, the onlysurviving member of the North American familyAphredoderidae, occurs throughout Arkansas in theCoastal Plain physiographic region and where itinhabits oxbow lakes, swamps, ditches, quiet ponds,and small rivers and streams (Lee 1980; Robison andBuchanan 1988). It is found in both clear and turbidwater, often over a soft muddy bottom where it feedson various invertebrates, especially insects (Becker1983; Smith 1979). This fish is well-known for havingthe anus and urogenital openings jugular between thegill membranes in the adult where they migratedforward from the normal abdominal position in thejuvenile during development (Page and Burr 1991).The pirate perch has been the subject of severalendoparasite surveys (Hopkins 1933; Elkins andCorkum 1976; Cooper 1996), some of which reportacanthocephalan parasites from this host (Buckner andBuckner 1976; Williams 1976; Sukhdeo andHernandez 2005; Hernandez et al. 2007). Herein wedocument new host and geographic records for 2acanthocephalans from pirate perches from centralArkansas.Four A. sayanus (mean = 30 ± 2.4, range = 27-33mm standard length) were collected on 10 June 2002with standard nylon seines (6 x 1.5 m and 9 x 1.5 m of3.2 mm mesh) from the Caddo River at St. Hwy 7bridge, Clark County (Sec. 31, T6S, R20W). Theywere placed in 10% formalin and returned to thelaboratory for examination of helminth parasites. Theentire gastrointestinal tract and coelomic cavity wasexamined. Acanthocephalans were transferred to 70%ethanol and shipped to the junior author (OA) foridentification and further processing. Specimens werepunctured with a fine needle and subsequently stainedin Mayer’s acid carmine, destained in 4% HCL in 70%ethanol, dehydrated in ascending concentrations ofethanol to 100% (24hr each), cleared in graduated(increasing) concentration of terpineol in 100% ethanolto 100%, then 50% terpineol and 50% Canada balsam(24 hr each), and finally whole mounted in Canadabalsam. Voucher specimens of parasites weredeposited in the United States National ParasiteCollection (USNPC), Beltsville, Maryland. Voucherspecimens of A. sayanus were deposited in the fishcollection at Henderson State University, Arkadelphia,Arkansas as HSU 3185.One of 4 (25%) pirate perches (33 mm) was foundto be co-infected in the posterior intestine with a singlepomphorhynchid acanthocephalan, Pomphorhynchuslucyi Williams and Rogers, 1984 (USNPC 100602),and 3 (2 males, 1 female) heteracanthocephalidsclosest to Aspersentis Van Cleave, 1929 (USNPC100603). The specimen of P. lucyi possessed 15proboscis hooks per row rather than 20-23, which ismore typical of the species (Williams and Rogers1984). However, all other morphologicalcharacteristics fit the description of P. lucyi (see Aminet al. 2003 for key to species).The type host of P. lucyi is the lake chubsucker,Erimyzon sucetta from Florida (Williams and Rogers1984). Other hosts include several species (andfamilies) of fresh and brackish water fishes of thesoutheastern Gulf Coast of the United States (primarilyAlabama and Florida), including Amia calva,Notemigonus chrysoleucus, Opsopoeodus emiliae,Carpiodes velifer, Minytrema melanops, Lepomisauritis, L. gulosus, L. macrochirus, L. marginatus, L.microlophus, L. punctatus, Stronglura marina,Anguilla rostrata, and Ameiurus serracanthus(Williams and Rogers 1984). Eleven of these hostsoccur in the Caddo River (Robison and Buchanan1988).Interestingly, heteracanthocephalids are parasites offishes in New Zealand, the former Soviet Union,Antarctica, and the Kerguelen and Falkland Islands(Amin 1982), and Aspersentis spp. are parasites offishes in Antarctic and subAntarctic regions(Zdzitowiecki and White 1996; Palm et al. 1998;Zdzitowiecki 1981, 2001; Pichelin et al. 2002;Laskowski and Zdzitowiecki 2004, 2005).Unfortunately, our 3 specimens ofheteracanthocephalids were contracted which renderedthem less taxonomically informative than desirable for151Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 62 [2008], Art. 26Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 2008C. McAllister and O. AminJournal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 62, 2008152definitive identification beyond family. Nevertheless,both acanthocephalans represent new host andnoteworthy geographic records. In the future, wesuggest a clinal study on P. lucyi as well as specificattempts at obtaining relaxed specimens of theheteracanthocephalids for specific identity.AcknowledgmentsWe thank the Arkansas Game and Fish Commissionfor a Scientific Collecting Permit issued to CM andPatricia Pilitt (USNPC) and Dr. Renn Tumlison (HSU)for curatorial assistance.Literature CitedAmin OM. 1982. Acanthocephala. In: Parker SP,editor. Synopsis and classification of livingorganisms. New York: McGraw-Hill BookCompany. p 933-941.Amin, OM, SMA Abdullah, and FT Mhaisen. 2003.Description of Pomphorhynchus spindletruncatusn. sp. (Acanthocephala: Pomphorhyncidae) fromfreshwater fishes in northern Iraq, with the erectionof a new pomphorhynchid genus, Pyriproboscis n.gen., and keys to genera of the Pomphorhynchidaeand the species of Pomphorhynchus Monticelli,1905. Systematic Parasitology 54:229-235.Becker GC. 1983. The fishes of Wisconsin. Madison:University of Wisconsin Press. 1052 p.Bucker RL and SC Buckner. 1976. A new species ofLeptorhynchoides Kostylev 1924(Acanthocephala) from the pirate perch,Aphredoderus sayanus (Gilliams). Journal ofParasitology 62:955-958.Cooper JE. 1996. Parasites and cyclopoid predatorsof age-0 fish in the Roanoke River, North Carolina.Estuaries 19:146-161.Elkins CA and KC Corkum. 1976. Growthdynamics and seasonal prevalence ofCrepidostomum isostomum and Phyllodistomumpearsei in Aphredoderus sayanus. Journal ofWildlife Diseases 12:208-214.Hernandez AD, JF Bunnell, and MVK Sukhdeo.2007. Composition and diversity patterns inmetazoan parasite communities and anthropogenicdisturbance in stream ecosystems. Parasitology134:91-102.Hopkins S. 1933. Note on the life history ofClinostomum marginatum (Trematoda).Transactions of the American MicroscopicalSociety 52: 147-149.Laskowski Z and K Zdzitowiecki. 2004. Newmorphological data on a sub-Antarcticacanthocephalan, Aspersentis johni (Baylius, 1929)(Palaeacanthocephala: Heteracanthocephalidae).Systematic Parasitology 59:39-44.Laskowski Z and K Zdzitowiecki. 2005. Thehelminth fauna of some notothenioid fishescollected from the shelf of Argentine Islands, WestAntarctica. Polish Polar Research 26:315-324.Lee DS. 1980. Aphredoderus sayanus. In Lee DS,Gilbert CR, Hocutt CH, Jenkins RE, McAllisterDE, and Stauffer JR Jr., editors. Atlas of NorthAmerican freshwater fishes. Raleigh: NorthCarolina State Museum of Natural History. p 484.Page LM and BM Burr. 1991. A field guide tofreshwater fishes: North America north of Mexico.Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. 432 p.Palm HW, N Reimann, M Spindler, and J. Plotz.1998. The role of the rock cod Nototheniacoriiceps Richardson, 1844 in the life-cycle ofAntarctic parasites. Polar Biology 19:399-406.Pichelin S, L Smales, and R. Bray. A discussion onthe Heteracanthocephalidae Petrochenko, 1956(Acanthocephala: Palaeacanthocephala).Systematic Parasitology 52:145-152.Robison HW and TM Buchanan. 1988. Fishes ofArkansas. Fayetteville: University of ArkansasPress. 536 p.Smith PW. 1979. The fishes of Illinois. Urbana:University of Illinois Press. 314 p.Sukhdeo MVK and AD Hernandez. 2005. Food webpatterns and parasite’s perspectives. In Thomas F,Renaud F, and Guégan J-F, editors. Parasitism &ecosystems. UK: Oxford University Press. 231 p.Williams EH Jr. 1976. Pilum pilum gen. et sp. n.(Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) fromfreshwater fishes of the southeastern United States.Journal of Parasitology 62:102-104.Williams EH Jr and WA Rogers. 1984.Pomphorhynchus lucyi sp. n. (Acanthocephala)from fresh and brackish water fishes of thesoutheastern U.S. Gulf Coast. Journal ofParasitology 70:580-583.Zdzitowiecki K. 1981. Redescription of Aspersentisaustrinus Van Cleave, 1929 (Acanthocephala).Acta Parasitologica Polonica 28:73-83.Zdzitowiecki K. 2001. Acanthocephala occurring inintermediate hosts, amphipods, in Admiralty Bay(South Shetland Islands, Antarctica). ActaParasitologica 46:202-207.Zdzitowiecki K and MG White. 1996.Acanthocephalan infection of inshore fishes at theSouth Orkney Islands. Antarctic Science 8:273-276.152Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 62 [2008], Art. 26http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol62/iss1/26

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Acanthocephalan Parasites (Echinorhynchida: Heteracanthocephalidae; Pomphorhynchidae) from the Pirate Perch (Percopsiformes: Aphredoderidae), from the Caddo River, Arkansas

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