research

Monitoring of Water Quality in the Hipparagi Irrigation Command Area, Karnataka, India

Abstract

This paper discusses the quality of surface and groundwater quality in Hipparagi irrigation command area, Karnataka,India and compared to BIS standards. The water in the study area is slightly acidic to slightly alkaline in nature ECexceeded the acceptable limits in bore well and open well samples. Most of the bore well and open well and river samples exceeded acceptable limits of BIS for TDS. Sulphates of bore well samples (63%) and open samples (33%) showed higher than acceptable limits of BIS. Phosphates showed within the acceptable limits in bore well and open well samples, but river water showed higher than acceptable limits and it indicate that surface water is polluted by phosphates by washing and other domestic activities. Fluorides exceeded the acceptable limits of BIS in both bore well and open well samples indicating few samples showed lowest values than the required and few samples exceeded the limits. The exceeded values of K+in bore well samples due to leaching of agricultural wastes in the study area. Hardness of water in the study area fallsbetween soft to very hard water, and 36% of the bore well samples and 17% of open well samples exceeded the acceptable limits of BIS standards. For both Ca and Mg, 74% of bore well samples and river water in the study area exceeded theacceptable limits. COD values were high in open well samples compared to bore well and river water samples, it indicated that open wells contaminated by organic pollution. Groundwater samples were polluted compa red to river in the study area it needs immediate attention for implementation of remedial measures

    Similar works