Flowering phenology and flower visitor community were surveyed in various types of tropical seasonal forests in central Laos. Flowers of woody plants were abundant in March, whereas may herbaceous plants bloomed in September. The flower visitor community was dominated by bees, of which eusocial honeybees (Apis) and stingless bees (Trigona) were dominant. Many flowers of forest understory plants were visited by solitary long-tongued bees (Amegilla, Nomia and Thrincostoma). In addition to bees, butterflies, moths, beetles, flies, thrips, birds and bats were important pollinators of some plant species. Plant-pollinator mutualism in the tropical seasonal forests resembles that of tropical rain forests, but differs in the yearly mass flowering of canopy trees in the late dry season and in the mass flowering of understory herbaceous plants in the late rainy season
