Bailes, E

Dutra, J

Hahn, BH

Keele, BF

Ma, Z

Miller, CJ

Shaw, GM

Stone, M

English

PubMed

M Stone

BF Keele

Z Ma

E Bailes

J Dutra

BH Hahn

GM Shaw

CJ Miller

Crossref

BioMed Central
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Retrovirology
Open AccessPoster presentation
P20-13. Identification and characterization of early founder 
populations in Rhesus macaques vaginally infected with SIVmac251
M Stone*1, BF Keele2, Z Ma1, E Bailes3, J Dutra1, BH Hahn2, GM Shaw2 and 
CJ Miller1
Address: 1Virology and Immunology, UC Davis California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA, USA, 2University of Alabama at 
Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA and 3Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
* Corresponding author    
Background
HIV transmission most commonly occurs at mucosal sur-
faces, and vaccine development and other preventative
strategies should be directed at the transmitted viruses
that are responsible for establishing productive infection.
The simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) models of HIV
infection use virus stocks for inoculation of monkeys at
defined times. This greatly simplifies the process of iden-
tifying the transmitted or early founder virus populations,
the variants evolving after transmission that establish sys-
temic infection and the role of viral selection during sex-
ual transmission.
Methods
We used the single genome amplification (SGA) method
to amplify a 2.2 kb env sequence from the SIVmac251
stock and plasma of 7 rhesus macaques at the earliest
plasma vRNA+ time point after intravaginal infection with
SIVmac251. Neighbour-joining methods and Highlighter
analysis were used to analyze the relationships between
the env sequence.
Results
Three animals were infected with a single SIV variant, and
4 animals were infected with multiple (5–9) SIV variants.
The maximum diversity among the env sequences within
an individual animal ranged from 0.18 to 1.10%. Impor-
tantly, a specific env variant representing ~20% of the
sampled stock sequences was directly transmitted to three
animals by vaginal inoculation, perhaps reflecting its rel-
atively high frequency in the stock.
Conclusion
These results are consistent with the low number of HIV
variants transmitted by mucosal HIV exposure. For a vac-
cine or microbicide to be effective, it must interdict the
broadest range of HIV variants possible, including every
clade in the pandemic. However, in any one subject the
number of viruses that must be blocked at each mucosal
exposure event is small, since most viruses in the inocu-
lum are unsuccessful at establishing infection and only
one or few variants establish productive infection.
from AIDS Vaccine 2009
Paris, France. 19–22 October 2009
Published: 22 October 2009
Retrovirology 2009, 6(Suppl 3):P383 doi:10.1186/1742-4690-6-S3-P383
<supplement> <title> <p>AIDS Vaccine 2009</p> </title> <editor>Anna Laura Ross</editor> <note>Meeting abstracts – A single PDF containing all abstracts in this Supplement is available <a href="http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/files/pdf/1742-4690-6-S3-full.pdf">here</a>.</note> <url>http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2105-10-S12-info.pdf</url> </supplement>
This abstract is available from: http://www.retrovirology.com/content/6/S3/P383
© 2009 Stone et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 


P20-13. Identification and characterization of early founder populations in Rhesus macaques vaginally infected with SIVmac251

P20-13. Identification and characterization of early founder populations in Rhesus macaques vaginally infected with SIVmac251

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