COSTA, N. A. da

LOURENÇO JÚNIOR, J. de B.

MONTEIRO, E. M. M.

SANTOS, N. F. A.

TEIXEIRA NETO, J. F.

English

LOURENCO JUNIOR, J. de B.

Repository Open Access to Scientific Information from Embrapa

399INTENSIVE BUFFALOES MEAT PRODUCTION IN CONFINEMENT, IN PARA STATE,BRAZILlCOSTA, N. A.; lLOURENÇO-JÚNIOR, 1. B.; lTEIXEIRA-NETO, J. F}SANTOS, N. F. A.;2MONTEIRO, E. M. M.'Researches of Embrapa Eastern Amazon, P. Box, 48. Belém, Pará State, BrazilCEP 66.095-100.nartan@cpatu.embrapa.br.2 Grant holders Pibic/Cnpq/Embrapa.ABSTRACTWere fattened 40 buffaloes of Murrah race, with 15 months of age, in confinement, in Para State,Brazil, fed with Pennisetum purpureum triturated, more wheat bran and protein salt/animal/day,contend 30 kg of maize meal, 35 kg of mineral salt, 25 kg of iodized common salt, 8 kg of urea and2 kg of ammonia sulfate. The profit of daily/animal weight was of 0.814 kg. The low animalperformance aggravated the economic return of the confinement. However, this system can be usedas a handling strategy ar in emergencies situations, as accidental fire, attack of plagues and diseasesin pasture.Key words: Amazon, Murrah race, intensive grazing, supplementary feeding.INTRODUCTIONThe domestic buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) had its origin in Asia, after Africa, later in Europe andrecently in America, through the Maraja island, Para State, Brazil, in 1895, with Mediterraneanrace, from Italy. This animal has a basic paper in the rise of the economic level of the agriculturalcornmunities in the Asian countries, as milk, meat and work producers (2). In Latin America, inBrazil and, especia1ly, in Para State, its contribution on this aspect can be of great importance, asmeat producers, with good performance in confinement conditions. Lately, this animal species hasconstituted an important alternative source of meat production, mainly ta supply the demands of thedeveloping countries, for its similarities, and in some cases, superioríty in nutricional composition,when compared ta red and white meat, bovine and chicken, respectively (3). Thus, this work aimsta intensify the buffaloes meat production in confinement system.MATERIAL AND METHODSThis work was carried through in the Mount Castle Farm, Castanhal, Para State, Brazil, in humidtropical climate, with rainier season (january the june) and less rainy (july the december), annualaverage temperature of 26°C, annual pluvial precipitation of 2.761 rrun, air relative humidity of 86%and 2.389 hours of insolation (1). The soil is Yellow Latossolo. Were fattened 40 buffaloes ofMurrah race, with 15 months of age and 294 kg, in confinement, during 237 days (08/26/01 the04/20/02), fed with elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) triturated, given ta the animals in thebeginning of the morning and end of the afternoon, more 1 kg of wheat bran/200 kg of alive weightand 00400 kg of protein salt/animallday, contend 30 kg of maize meal, 35 kg of mineral salt, 25 kgof iodized common salt, 8 kg of urea and 2 kg of ammonia sulfate. The confinement area hadabundant water of good quality (Figures 1 and 2).1ST BUFFALO SYMPOSIUM OF AMERICAS400Figure 2. CAfter 89 days, the experimental animals had access to artificial lagoon. with shadow, between 10a.m. to 3 p.m, The elephant grass was chernical fertitized with 111 kg of P20s/ha (reactivephosphate Arad), and buffaloes manure, in the ratio of 20 t/ha/year, distributed after each cut, in cutinterval of 30 days. The econornic evaluation of these system was effected, considering the costswith feeding, vaccine, verrnifuge and workers.RESUL TS AND DISCUSSIONThe final ative weight of the animais were 487 kg what corresponds on daily weight gain of 0.814kg (Figure 3).550500450C) 400.x 3503002502000,8C)0,6 .x0,40,226/08/01 25/09/01 28/10/01 23/11/01 22/12/01 28/01/02 21/02/02 20/03/02 20/04/02Weight Data--- Period weight gain -+- Daily weight gainFigure 3. Buffaloes ponderal perforrnance during the experimental period.Was observed that in the third weight the buffaloes had reduced its ponderal perforrnance (0,320kg), probably by the fact of manure had accumulated in the animals leather and bothered them,beyond the negative clirnatic effect, mainly the temperature and air relative hurnidity. In thefollowing weight, the bath, in artificial lagoon, made possible the c1eanness of the animals andpromoted the waste of the corporal heat and the return of its perforrnance, probably given thebiggest animal cornfort. After that, in the beginning of the rainiest period (january), a smallreduction in the daily weight gain was observed (0,683 kg). These lesser perforrnances hadaggravated the econornic return of the confinement (Table 1). However, the confinement can beused as a handling strategy, with objective of regular the supply of animals for abates andlor inemergencies situations, such as accidental fire, attack of plagues and diseases in the pasture, etc.151BUFFALO SYMPOSIUM OF AMERICAS401Table 1 - Economic evaluation.Item Quantity Value (US$) Value (R$)Wheat bran (kg)Protein salt (kg)Worker (man/day)Foot and mouth disease vaccine (unity)Clostridiosis vaccine (unity)Vermífuge (unity)Fertlizer and manutention (2 ha)InstalationWeight gain (kg)Total costLiquid revenue18,6703,7922378080800.070.144.170.270.310.647,720 0.421,330.50566.62989.7722.3725.4451.4976.62108.303,242.403,171.1171.29US$ 1.00 = R$ 2.61.REFERENCES(1) BASTOS, r.x., ROCHA, EJ.P.; ROLIM, P.A.M.; DINIZ, T.D.A.S.; SANTOS, E.C.R.; NOBRE,R.A.A.; CUTRIM, E.M.C.; MENDONÇA, L.L.D. (1986). O estado atual dos conhecimentos de clima daAmazônia brasileira com finalidade agrícola. In: SIMPÓSIO DO TRÓPICO ÚMIDO, 1., 1984, Belém,PA. Anais. Belém: Embrapa - Cpatu. 1: 19-43. (Embrapa - Cpatu. Documentos, 36).(2) GILL, S. S. (1986). Effect of day and humid hot seasons on the reproduction and milkproduction of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). In: SIMPÓSIO DO TRÓPICO ÚMIDO, 1., 1984,Belém, Anais. Belém: Embrapa - Cpatu, 1986. 5: 251-258 (Embrapa - Cpatu. Documentos, 36).(3) SALES, J. (1995). Nutritional quality of meat from some alternative species. World Review ofAnimal Productíon, 30 (1-2): 48-55.1ST BUFFALO SYMPOSIUM OF AMERICAS

Intensive buffaloes meat production in confinement, in Para State, Brazil.

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Intensive buffaloes meat production in confinement, in Para State, Brazil.

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