A Study On Brucellosis In Kosti Area, White Nile State, Sudan

Abstract

This study was conducted in Kosti area in order to investigate bovine and human brucellosis. 113 milk samples and 120 serum samples were collected from bovine dairy farms, while 100 serum samples were collected from human presented to Kosti Hospital with different clinical manifestations. All serum samples were examined by rose Bengal plate test ((RBPT)to demonstrate antibodies to brucella while all milk samples were examined by milk ring test (MRT) and modified Zeihl Neelsen stain (MZN). The results showed that the prevalence of human brucellosis was 2% based on rose Bengal plate test (RBPT), while the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in selected dairy farms was 12.39% based on modified Zeihl Neelsen stain (MZN). Sensitivity and specificity of the tests used in this study were calculated to evaluate these tests for detection of brucellosis. The sensitivity and specificityof milk ring test (MRT) were very high (100% and 95.96%, respectively). While (RBPT) showed high specificity (95.96%) and low sensitivity (50%). Application of agreement between tests (Kappastatistis ) showed perfect agreement (0.85) between MZN and MRT. While moderate agreement was observed for MZN and RBPT , RBPT and MRT (0.50 and 0.56, respectively). The results of risk factor analysis revealedthat number of calves as well as hygiene status in diary farms were not associated with occurance of bovine brucellosis (X 2 =3.98 and 0.69, respectively , P>0.05 ). In contrast, there was a positive correlation between the presence of bovine brucellosis and history of abortion (X 2 =33.55, P<0.01). The Odds Ratio (OR=32) confirmed that the history of abortion, could be risk factor for occurance of bovine brucellosis. It could be concluded thatbovine and human brucellosis are found in Kosti area