The susceptibility of air quality, weather, terrestrial ecosystems, and climate to human activities was investigated in a tropical environment.Peer reviewe

Adachi, K.

Aiken, A. C.

Albrecht, R.

Alexander, L.

Andreae, M. O.

Artaxo, P.

Barbosa, H. M. J.

Biscaro, T.

Brito, J.

Buseck, P.

Calheiros, A.

Chand, D.

Comstock, J. M.

Day, D. A.

de Sa, S. S.

Dubey, M.

Fan, J.

Fast, J.

Fisch, G.

Fortner, E.

Giangrande, S.

Gilles, M.

Goldststein, A. H.

Guenther, A.

Hubbe, J.

Jardine, K.

Jensen, M.

Jimenez, J. L.

Keutsch, F. N.

Kim, S.

Kuang, C.

Laskin, A.

Machado, L.

Manzi, A. O.

Martin, S. T.

McKinney, K.

Medeiros, A.

Mei, F.

Miller, M.

Nascimento, R.

Pauliquevis, T.

Pekour, M.

Peres, J.

Petäjä, T.

Poehlker, C.

Poeschl, U.

Portela, B.

Rizzo, L.

Schmid, B.

Schumacher, C.

Shilling, J. E.

Silva Dias, M. A.

Smith, J. N.

Souza, R. A. F.

Tomlinson, J. M.

Tota, J.

Wang, J.

Wendisch, M.

International audienceThe Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon 2014–2015 (GoAmazon2014/5) experiment took place around the urban region of Manaus in central Amazonia across 2 years. The urban pollution plume was used to study the susceptibility of gases, aerosols, clouds, and rainfall to human activities in a tropical environment. Many aspects of air quality, weather, terrestrial ecosystems, and climate work differently in the tropics than in the more thoroughly studied temperate regions of Earth. GoAmazon2014/5, a cooperative project of Brazil, Germany, and the United States, employed an unparalleled suite of measurements at nine ground sites and on board two aircraft to investigate the flow of background air into Manaus, the emissions into the air over the city, and the advection of the pollution downwind of the city. Herein, to visualize this train of processes and its effects, observations aboard a low-flying aircraft are presented. Comparative measurements within and adjacent to the plume followed the emissions of biogenic volatile organic carbon compounds (BVOCs) from the tropical forest, their transformations by the atmospheric oxidant cycle, alterations of this cycle by the influence of the pollutants, transformations of the chemical products into aerosol particles, the relationship of these particles to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity, and the differences in cloud properties and rainfall for background compared to polluted conditions. The observations of the GoAmazon2014/5 experiment illustrate how the hydrologic cycle, radiation balance, and carbon recycling may be affected by present-day as well as future economic development and pollution over the Amazonian tropical forest

Martin, T.

Manzi, A.

Souza, R.

de Sá, S.

Aiken, C.

Andreae, M.

Barbosa, M.

Comstock, M.

Day, A.

Goldstein, A.

Jimenez, J.

Keutsch, F.

Mckinney, K.

Pöhlker, C.

Poschl, U.

Shilling, J.

Dias, M.

Smith, J.

Tomlinson, M.

Tóta, J.

HAL Clermont Université

The Green Ocean Amazon Experiment (GoAmazon2014/5) Observes Pollution Affecting Gases, Aerosols, Clouds, and Rainfall over the Rain Forest

The Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon 2014–2015 (GoAmazon2014/5) experiment took place around the urban region of Manaus in central Amazonia across 2 years. The urban pollution plume was used to study the susceptibility of gases, aerosols, clouds, and rainfall to human activities in a tropical environment. Many aspects of air quality, weather, terrestrial ecosystems, and climate work differently in the tropics than in the more thoroughly studied temperate regions of Earth. GoAmazon2014/5, a cooperative project of Brazil, Germany, and the United States, employed an unparalleled suite of measurements at nine ground sites and on board two aircraft to investigate the flow of background air into Manaus, the emissions into the air over the city, and the advection of the pollution downwind of the city. Herein, to visualize this train of processes and its effects, observations aboard a low-flying aircraft are presented. Comparative measurements within and adjacent to the plume followed the emissions of biogenic volatile organic carbon compounds (BVOCs) from the tropical forest, their transformations by the atmospheric oxidant cycle, alterations of this cycle by the influence of the pollutants, transformations of the chemical products into aerosol particles, the relationship of these particles to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity, and the differences in cloud properties and rainfall for background compared to polluted conditions. The observations of the GoAmazon2014/5 experiment illustrate how the hydrologic cycle, radiation balance, and carbon recycling may be affected by present-day as well as future economic development and pollution over the Amazonian tropical forest

Martin, S.

de Sa, S.

Aiken, A.

Barbosa, H.

Comstock, J.

Day, D.

Goldststein, A.

Petaja, T.

Pöschl, U.

Silva Dias, M.

Tomlinson, J.

MPG.PuRe

The Green Ocean Amazon Experiment (GoAmazon2014/5) observes pollution affecting gases, aerosols, clouds, and rainfall over the rain forest

U P P L E M E N TThis document is a supplement to “The Green Ocean Amazon Experiment (GoAmazon2014/5) Observes Pollution Affecting Gases, Aerosols, Clouds, and Rainfall over the Rain Forest,” S. T. Martin, P. Artaxo, L. Machado, A. O. Manzi, R. A. F. Souza, C. Schumacher, J. Wang, T. Biscaro, J. Brito, A. Calheiros, K. Jardine, A. Medeiros, B. Portela, S. S. de Sá, K. Adachi, A. C. Aiken, R. Albrecht, L. Alexander, M. O. Andreae, H. M. J. Barbosa, P. Buseck, D. Chand, J. M. Comstock, D. A. Day, M. Dubey, J. Fan, J. Fast, G. Fisch, E. Fortner, S. Giangrande, M. Gilles, A. H. Goldstein, A. Guenther, J. Hubbe, M. Jensen, J. L. Jimenez, F. N. Keutsch, S. Kim, C. Kuang, A. Laskin, K. McKinney, F. Mei, M. Miller, R. Nascimento, T. Pauliquevis, M. Pekour, J. Peres, T. Petäjä, C. Pöhlker, U. Pöschl, L. Rizzo, B. Schmid, J. E. Shilling, M. A. Silva Dias, J. N. Smith, J. M. Tomlinson, J. Tóta, and M. Wendisch (Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 98, 981–997) • ©2017 American Meteorological Society • Corresponding author e-mail: S. T. Martin, scot_martin@harvard.edu • DOI:10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00221.2THE GREEN OCEAN AMAZON EXPERIMENT (GOAMAZON2014/5) OBSERVES POLLUTION AFFECTING GASES, AEROSOLS, CLOUDS, AND RAINFALL OVER THE RAIN FORESTS. T. MarTin, P. arTaxo, L. Machado, a. o. Manzi, r. a. F. Souza, c. SchuMacher, J. Wang,  T. BiScaro, J. BriTo, a. caLheiroS, K. Jardine, a. MedeiroS, B. PorTeLa, S. S. de Sá, K. adachi,  a. c. aiKen, r. aLBrechT, L. aLexander, M. o. andreae, h. M. J. BarBoSa, P. BuSecK, d. chand,  J. M. coMSTocK, d. a. day, M. duBey, J. Fan, J. FaST, g. FiSch, e. ForTner, S. giangrande,  M. giLLeS, a. h. goLdSTein, a. guenTher, J. huBBe, M. JenSen, J. L. JiMenez, F. n. KeuTSch,  S. KiM, c. Kuang, a. LaSKin, K. McKinney, F. Mei, M. MiLLer, r. naSciMenTo, T. PauLiqueviS,  M. PeKour, J. PereS, T. PeTäJä, c. PöhLKer, u. PöSchL, L. rizzo, B. SchMid, J. e. ShiLLing,  M. a. SiLva diaS, J. n. SMiTh, J. M. ToMLinSon, J. TóTa, and M. WendiSchES135MAY 2017AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY |Fig. ES1. Concentrations of atmospheric gases along the (left) transverse and (right) longitudinal flight tracks of Figs. 4a1 and 4b1, respectively: (a) ozone; (b) terpenes; (c) isoprene; (d) sum of methyl vinyl ketone, methacrolein, and hydroperoxides as isoprene photo-oxidation products; (e) ratio of oxidation products and isoprene; (f) ratio of benzene and toluene; and (g) toluene. Organic species were measured by proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS). The background coloring to designate the pollution state of an air mass, the red line to designate baseline concentrations, and the label T3 are as discussed for Fig. 4a2.ES136 MAY 2017|Fig. ES2. Particle optical properties along the transverse flight corresponding to Fig. 4a1: (a) scattering coefficient, (b) absorption coefficient, (c) single-scattering albedo, and (d) backscatter coefficient measured. The sampled air was dried before measurement. The properties in (a) and (d) were measured by nephelometry at 450 nm, that in (b) was measured by a Particle Soot Absorption Photometer (PSAP) at 462 nm, and that in (c) was calculated from (a) and (b). The background coloring to designate the pollution state of an air mass, the red line to designate baseline concentrations, and the label T3 are as discussed in Fig. 4a2.ES137MAY 2017AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY |

English

HAL: Hyper Article en Ligne

Archive Ouverte en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication

The Green Ocean Amazon Experiment (GoAmazon 2014/5) Observes Pollution Affecting Gases, Aerosols, Clouds, and Rainfall over the Rain Forest

AbstractThe Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon 2014–2015 (GoAmazon2014/5) experiment took place around the urban region of Manaus in central Amazonia across 2 years. The urban pollution plume was used to study the susceptibility of gases, aerosols, clouds, and rainfall to human activities in a tropical environment. Many aspects of air quality, weather, terrestrial ecosystems, and climate work differently in the tropics than in the more thoroughly studied temperate regions of Earth. GoAmazon2014/5, a cooperative project of Brazil, Germany, and the United States, employed an unparalleled suite of measurements at nine ground sites and on board two aircraft to investigate the flow of background air into Manaus, the emissions into the air over the city, and the advection of the pollution downwind of the city. Herein, to visualize this train of processes and its effects, observations aboard a low-flying aircraft are presented. Comparative measurements within and adjacent to the plume followed the emissions of biogenic volatile organic carbon compounds (BVOCs) from the tropical forest, their transformations by the atmospheric oxidant cycle, alterations of this cycle by the influence of the pollutants, transformations of the chemical products into aerosol particles, the relationship of these particles to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity, and the differences in cloud properties and rainfall for background compared to polluted conditions. The observations of the GoAmazon2014/5 experiment illustrate how the hydrologic cycle, radiation balance, and carbon recycling may be affected by present-day as well as future economic development and pollution over the Amazonian tropical forest.</jats:p

P. Artaxo

L. Machado

A. O. Manzi

R. A. F. Souza

C. Schumacher

J. Wang

T. Biscaro

J. Brito

A. Calheiros

K. Jardine

A. Medeiros

B. Portela

S. S. de Sá

K. Adachi

A. C. Aiken

R. Albrecht

L. Alexander

M. O. Andreae

H. M. J. Barbosa

P. Buseck

D. Chand

J. M. Comstock

D. A. Day

M. Dubey

J. Fan

J. Fast

G. Fisch

E. Fortner

S. Giangrande

M. Gilles

A. H. Goldstein

A. Guenther

J. Hubbe

M. Jensen

J. L. Jimenez

F. N. Keutsch

S. Kim

C. Kuang

A. Laskin

K. McKinney

F. Mei

M. Miller

R. Nascimento

T. Pauliquevis

M. Pekour

J. Peres

T. Petäjä

C. Pöhlker

U. Pöschl

L. Rizzo

B. Schmid

J. E. Shilling

M. A. Silva Dias

J. N. Smith

J. M. Tomlinson

J. Tóta

M. Wendisch

Crossref

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto

THE GREEN OCEAN AMAZON EXPERIMENT (GOAMAZON2014/5) OBSERVES POLLUTION AFFECTING GASES, AEROSOLS, CLOUDS, AND RAINFALL OVER THE RAIN FOREST

The susceptibility of air quality, weather, terrestrial ecosystems, and climate to human activities was investigated in a tropical environment

THE GREEN OCEAN AMAZON EXPERIMENT (GOAMAZON2014/5) OBSERVES POLLUTION AFFECTING GASES, AEROSOLS, CLOUDS, AND RAINFALL OVER THE RAIN FOREST

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