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乌鲁木齐县天然草地毒害植物初步调查及防治对策/Poisonous Plants in Natural Grasslands in Urumqi County and Their Control Measures[J]
Authors
中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐,830011
乌鲁木齐县草原工作站,新疆板房沟,830036
+5 more
古丽努尔
孔小新
柳妍妍
纳比乌拉
阿德力·麦地
Publication date
1 January 2013
Publisher
Abstract
草地退化的主要原因是气候干旱、超载放牧、鼠害、毒害草入侵等,而毒害草入侵已对各种类型草地构成直接威胁.通过揭示乌鲁木齐县天然草地毒害植物种类的分布,为综合防治草地退化提供科学依据.根据采集的植物标本鉴定结果,该草地主要毒害植物约有46种,分属17科,29属,占该区植物种类的5%;毒害草的分布面积约3.27×104 hm2,占草地总面积的9.83%.主要毒害植物为醉马芨芨(Achnatherum inebrians)、骆驼蓬(Peganum bar-mala)、苦豆子(Sophora alopecuroides)、马先蒿(Pedicularis sp.)等.这些毒害植物都是多年生草本,繁殖能力极强,生长迅速且植株高大,与矮小的牧草争光、争水、争肥,导致羊茅(Festuca ovina)和冰草(Agropyron cristatum)等牧草大片枯死.因此,根据草地的承载能力,确定理论放牧强度,通过减少家畜数量,采用划区轮牧制度等措施,为优良牧草创造良好的生长发育条件,抑制毒害草的生长,使其从种群中逐渐消失
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Institutional Repository of Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, CAS
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Last time updated on 29/11/2016