HIPERCALCIURIA Y DETERMINACION DE LA RELACION CALCIO/ CREATININA EN LACTANTES MENORES. AMBULATORIO URBANO TIPO III "LA CARUCIE 1A". ABRIL 1996-ABRIL1997

Abstract

La determinaci\uf3n de la relaci\uf3n calcio/creatinina en orina ha sido ampliamente usada en cl\uednica pedi\ue1trica y nefrol\uf3gica, como prueba diagn\uf3stica para determinar en forma indirecta la excreci\uf3n urinaria de calcio y detectar hipercalciuria, la cual frecuentemente cursa con poca cl\uednica de alteraci\uf3n metab\uf3lica, siendo importante su diagn\uf3stico precoz para prevenir el deterioro de la funci\uf3n renal. Se realiz\uf3 un estudio descriptivo prospectivo para determinar la frecuencia de hipercalciuria en lactantes menores sanos que acuden a la consulta externa pedi\ue1trica del ambulatorio urbano tipo III "La Cariucie\uf1a", lapso abril 1996 - 1997, utilizando la relaci\uf3n calcio/creatinina. La muestra estuvo formada por cien (100) lactantes elegidos por conveniencia en base a los criterios de inclusi\uf3n, distribuidos en grupos seg\ufan edad, sexo, peso, talla y dieta. La recolecci\uf3n de la muestra fue en ayunas. El calcio se determin\uf3 por el m\ue9todo complexom\ue9trico (Bioganma y la creatinina por el m\ue9todo de Jaff\ue9 modificado. La prueba estad\uedstica utilizada Chi2 (p: <0,01). Del total de la muestra, 51eran del sexo femenino y 49 del sexo masculino. En ambos sexos el mayor porcentaje de patol\uf3gicos lo ocup\uf3 el grupo de 9 - 12 meses (64, 28%) y seg\ufan el peso los de 12 - 15 Kg. (58, 33%). De acuerdo a la dieta los ni\uf1os alimentados con la leche materna, leche de vaca y otros alimentos representan el 83,33%. Los resultados son estad\uedsticamente significativos. Conclusi\uf3n: La determinaci\uf3n de la relaci\uf3n calcio/creatinina en una poblaci\uf3n de lactantes menores sanos sirvi\uf3 para detectar hipercalciuria, lo cual hace pensar que el tipo de alimentaci\uf3n y los \uedndices antropom\ue9tricos (peso/talla) pudieran ser considerados como factores contributorios, quiz\ue1s relacion\ue1ndolos al incremento de calcio, prote\uedna, y principalmente de sodio en la dieta, sin dejar de dar importancia a los factores gen\ue9ticos. SUMMARY Determination of calcium/creatinine relationship in insolated sample of urine has been widely used in pediatrics and nephrology clinic as a diagnostic test to determine directly the urinary excretion of calcium and to detect hypercalciuria. Hypercalciuria is a frequent alteration with little clinic expression metabolic, so that its early diagnose will prevent deterioration of renal function. A descriptive prospective study was carried out to determine the frequency of hypercalciuria in healthy younger infants who attended at External Consultation of the Urban Ambulatory Type III "La Carucie\uf1a"; during April 1996 - April 1997 term, by using calcium/creatinine relationship. The sample consisted of 100 infants at convenience based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, all distributed in groups according to age, gender, weight, size and diet. Sample collection was taking by fasting. Calcium was determined by complexometric method (Bioganma ) and creatinine by Jaff\ue9 modified method. Chi2 was the statistics used (p: <0.01). All subjects consisted of 51 female gender and 49 male gender. In both gender, the higher pathological percentage is related to 9 - 12 months group (64.28%), according to weight 12 - 15 Kg (58,33%); according to the diet, infants fed by maternal milk, cow milk and some others food represent 83.33%. Results are significant. In conclusion: The determination of the calcium/creatinine relationship, in a population of younger infants served to detect hypercalciuria, and it suggests that the type of feeding and antropometric index (weight/size) could be considered as factors which contribute, maybe related to calcium, protein and mostly sodium increase without rest the importance of genetics factors