FACTORES EPIDEMIOLOGICOS DE LA ADOLESCENTE EMBARAZADA

Abstract

Se estudiaron 200 adolescentes embarazadas, tomadas al azar de la consulta de adolescentes embarazadas y del servicio de sala de partos del Hospital Central "Antonio Mar\ueda Pineda' de Barquisimeto-Venezuela. Las edades estuvieron comprendidas entre los 11 y 18 a\uf1os de edad. La menarqu\ueda se present\uf3 entre 9 y 17 a\uf1os; el comienzo de las relaciones sexuales entre los 9 y 16 a\uf1os, ciento setenta y siete eran primigestas y veintitr\ue9s de dos o m\ue1s gestas. Un 5 % no tenia ning\ufan grado de instrucci\uf3n el 47,5 % estudi\uf3 primaria sin aprobarla, el 46,0 secundaria y s\uf3lo una aprob\uf3 el 5to a\uf1o. Un 71,5 % vive en concubinato, el 10% casadas, 10% madres solteras y solas y el 2,5 % producto de violaci\uf3n. Ning\ufan embarazo fue planificado, el 85,8 se control\uf3 el embarazo y el 14,5 % no realiz\uf3 ning\ufan control, complic\ue1ndose el 81,4 % de los embarazos controlados y el 75,8 % de los no controlados. Un 89,5 % no us\uf3 m\ue9todos anticonceptivos y el 10% que los us\uf3, 9 % fue con anticonceptivos orales, 0,5 % dispositivos intrauterinos y 0,5 % coito interrupto. \ua0SUMMARY Two hundred pregnant adolescent taken at random from the consulting, room for pregnant adolescents and from the Labour Room service of Antonio Mar\ueda Pineda Central Hospital of Barquisimeto-Venezuela-were studied. Their ages range from 11 to 18 years old. Their First period appeared between 9 and 17 years old, the begning of intercourse, between 9 and 16 years old. One hundred and seventy seven were in their first pregnancy, and twenty-three in their second or more. 5% had no education at oll, 47,5 % had studied secundary school and only one had completed her fifth years. 71.5 % live in common-law marriages, 10% are married, 10% are married mothers living alone and 2,5 % are rape results. None of the pregnancies were planned; 85,8 % had pregnancy checks and 14,5 % had no checks at alL, with complications on 81,4 % of the no checked ones and 75,8 % of the checked ones. 89,5 % did not use any contraception devices and 10 % did, 9 % using oral contraception, 0,5 % I.U.D and 0,5 % interrupted coites