This report talks about Combinatorial Synthesis and Discovery of PEMFC Electrocatalysts on a Scaled Powder Production Platfor

Atanassova, Paolina

Bhatia, Rimple

Dericotte, David

Hampden-Smith, Mark

Kodas, Toivo

Napolitano, Paul

UNT Digital Library

Eighth Grove Fuel Cell Symposium24 - 26 September, 2003London, UKCombinatorial Synthesis and Discovery of PEMFC Electrocatalysts on a Scaled Powder Production PlatformP. Atanassova, R. Bhatia, D. Dericotte, P. Napolitano, M. Hampden-Smith, T. KodasCabot Superior MicroPowders, USADevelopment of High-Performance, Low-Pt Cathodes Containing New Catalysts and Layer Structure• Effort 1:– CSMP– DuPont Fuel Cells• Effort 2:– CSMP– CFDRC• Short Stack Testing:– GM– PartnershipsDiscovery of new, low Ptcatalyst compositions andparticle microstructuresModeling and deposition of engineered cathode layersHigh Performance Low-Cost MEA25 nm10 µm•••••••From Design to EquipmentPrecursor Metering and MixingCollection and Isolation6K8FieldPoint Thermal ProcessingAtomizationand TransportControl and Data AcquisitionTTimeProfile 1Profile 2Profile 3High Throughput Screening Data for CSMP ElectrocatalystsDuPont Fuel Cells“. . . powered by DuPont” l ll“. . . r   t”all 20% metal / C26.526.425.724.624.323.222.822.520.419.519.018.117.616.015.815.313.410.49.48.65.846.045.834.433.722.318.628.220.119.828.921.016.414.818.735.225.523.618.70510152025303540455020% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt/C20% Pt-M1-M2/C20% Pt-M1-M2/C20% Pt-M1-M2/C20% Pt-M1-M2/C20% Pt-M1-M2/C20% Pt-M1-M2/C20% Pt-M3-M2/C20% Pt-M3-M2/C20% Pt-M3-M2/C20% Pt-M2/C20% Pt-M2/C20% Pt-M2/C20% Pt-M2/C20% Pt-M3/C20% Pt-M4/C20% Pt-M1/C20% Pt-M5/C20% Pt-M6/CmA/mg Pt @ 0.55V vs. SCELimit of minimum acceptable performance Electrocatalyst Scale UpCombinatorial100 mg  rangeProduction1,000’s KgrangeSelection of Composition and  Structure Targets• Cost of components - raw materials, precursor cost• Cost of manufacturing(precursors, processing steps) - fab cost• Demonstrated performance advantage or possible one based on established general trends• Long term stability– stable in acidic media/resistant to corrosion– sustainable performance at high potentials– sustainable dispersion of the active phase10%  20% 30%  40%  50%  60%  70%  80%  90%10%  20% 30%  40%  50%  60%  70%  80%  90%10%  20% 30%  40%  50%  60%  70%  80%  90%PlatinumMetal BMetal CECHIP“Node” points2:1:1 pointCharacterization of Pt-alloy Electrocatalysts0.500.600.700.800.901.000.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0Current density (A/cm2)Voltage (V)20% Pt/V20% PtM1M2/VBoth MEA at the same cathode and anode Pt LoadingSingle MEA Performance Data80 C, 1.5H2/2.5air at 1A/cm2, 100% RH, 30 psig, 15 min/point0.500.550.600.650.700.750.800.850.900.951.00-1.8 -1.6 -1.4 -1.2 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0Log(Current Density)iR Corrected Voltage (V)20% PtM1M2/C - 67 mV/dec20% Pt/C - 69 mV/decA / C Dewpoints = 80 / 80°C, Cell Temp = 80°C, 2/10 stoic H2/O2, 7 psig2MEA Structure OptimizationSingle MEA Performance Data80 C, 1.5H2/2.5air at 1A/cm2, 100% RH, 30 psig, 15 min/point0.5000.449 0.4360.3800.3000.2240.4000.359 0.3490.3040.2400.1791.3751.2721.0060.836 0.8490.7080.0000.2000.4000.6000.8001.0001.2001.4001.6000.550 0.457 0.351 0.254 0.204 0.127Total Pt Loading (mg/cm2)PerformanceCurrent Density (mA/cm2)Power Density (W/cm2)Catalyst Loading to Power Ratio (gm Pt/kW)50% Pt/C20% PtM1M2/C0.8VCombined Effort 1 and Effort 2Status  vs. Performance Targets•Effort 1:Ternary alloy catalyst performance improved from 2.6 gPt/kW to <1.5 gPt/kW•Effort 2: MEA structure development yields improvement from 2.2 gPt/kW to <1.5 gPt/kW•Combined best alloy catalyst and best MEA structure result in performance of <1 gPt/kW00.511.522.53Effort 1 Effort 2 Combined Effort 1&2Single MEA performance [gPt/kW], 0.8 V2002 20031 2 3 4P [W/cm2]Pt loading [mgPt/cm2]gPt/kW21.510.60.25 0.25 0.250.20.12 0.16 0.24 0.3200.511.52Project yearP [W/cm2] Pt loading [mgPt/cm2] gPt/kWSummary and Acknowledgements• Spray-based Combinatorial Powder Synthesis System completed• Successful synthesis of alloy composition demonstrated and scaled up• Screening of large number of compositions in progress• Acknowledgements– DOE OTT, Award DE-FC0402AL67620, Topic 1A1– DOE Program Manager: JoAnn Milliken, Valri Lightner– CSMP, DuPont Fuel Cells and CFDRC for cost share funding– The whole CSMP team and especially: Bogdan Gurau, Jim Brewster, JennyPlakio, Heath Quiggle, Tomas Wood, Bryan Apodaca, Henry Romero– DuPont Fuel Cells: JoAnn Schwartz, Lin Wang,Keith Tomey, Richard Okine

Combinatorial Synthesis and Discovery of PEMFC Electrocatalysts on a Scaled Powder Production Platform

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Combinatorial Synthesis and Discovery of PEMFC Electrocatalysts on a Scaled Powder Production Platform

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