Costa, E. M.

Pintado, M. E.

Silva, S.

Tavaria, Freni

English

Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa

Insights into the effect of chitosan upon biofilm formation of several oral pathogenic microorganisms Costa, E.M.a*; Silva, S.a;  Tavaria, F.Ka. and Pintado, M.M.a a Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, P-4200-072 Porto, Portugal * Corresponding author: emcosta@porto.ucp.pt  Introduction Methods Conclusions Acknowledgements Agency of Innovation (Agência de Inovação, ADI, Portugal) and Quadro de Referência Estratégico Nacional (QREN, Portugal) which through the project “QUITORAL – Desenvolvimento de novas formulações de quitosanos com aplicação em medicina oral” (QREN-ADI 3474) and the National Funds from FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia through project PEst-OE/EQB/LA0016/2011 provided funding for the realization of this work.  The establishment of biofilms is a fundamental step in the survival of oral microorganisms (1). Among the biofilm forming microorganisms Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis have received considerable attention as the main pathogens responsible for dental caries and adult periodontitis (2). Generally, mechanical treatment of oral biofilm (dental plaque) formation is insufficient to prevent oral diseases, and an on-going quest exists for new antimicrobials to be used in oral healthcare (3). Chitosan is a high molecular weight (HMW), linear, polycationic heteropolysaccharide derived from chitin. The high percentage of amino groups (6,89 %), which provide chelating capability, in conjunction with antimicrobial, antitumoral and imunoadjuvant activity, acceleration of wound healing, biodegradability and biocompatibility make chitosan a high sought biomaterial. Moreover chitosan possesses bioadhesive capabilities thus making it capable of residing in the oral cavity (4). The aim of this work was to assess the potential of chitosan as a viable antibiofilm agent through adhesion, biofilm formation and quorum sensing inhibition assays. Chitosan presented low MICs Chitosan inhibited microbial adhesion  Biofilm formation was inhibited at sub-MICs Chitosan disrupted Quorum sensing after 6 h, increasing throughout the time  Chitosan proved to be an efficient antibiofilm agent  Results MIC determination Sub-MIC Adhesion Biofilm Formation Quorum sensing C. violaceum reporter system 96 wells microplate assay Surface coating References 1. Willey et al. Microbiology: McGraw-Hill Higher Education; 2008. 2, Takahashi N. International Congress Series. 2005 9//;1284(0):103-12. 3, Busscher et al. European journal of oral sciences. 2008 Oct;116(5):493-5.. 4, Kockisch et al.,. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 2005. 59(1): p. 207-216.  HMW* LMW* P. buccae 2 1 L. acidophilus 3 1 C. albicans 1 3 C. violaceum 3 3 HMW* LMW* 1/2 1/4 1/2 1/4 P. buccae 1 0,5 0,5 0,25 L. acidophilus 1,5 0,75 0,5 0,25 C. albicans 0,5 0,25 1,5 0,75 C. violaceum 1,5 0,75 1,5 0,75 MIC’s Sub-MIC’s P. buccaeC. albicansL. acidophilus020406080100HMWLMWInhibition percentageAdhesion ≈ 100% adhesion inhibition  Biofilm formation reduced at all sub-MICs (minimum 40% at 1/4)   Quorum sensing inhibited Biofilm formation P. buccae L. acidophilus C. albicans Quorum sensing *Values in mg/mL *Values in mg/mL Governo da Républica Portuguesa 6 12 2401020304050607080901001.5 mg/mL HMW0.75 mg/mL HMW1.5 mg/mL LMW0.75 mg/mL LMWa aaabcdefgbfTime (h)Inhibition percentage

Insights into the effect of chitosan upon biofilm formation of several oral pathogenic microorganisms

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Insights into the effect of chitosan upon biofilm formation of several oral pathogenic microorganisms

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