Agrawal, A.

Balasubramanian, S.

Bucholz, K. K

Heath, A. C

Kristjansson, S.

Littlefield, A. K

Madden, P.A. F

Pergadia, M. L

Slutske, W. S

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Washington University School of MedicineDigital Commons@BeckerPosters2010: Disentangling the Genetics of Alcoholism:Understanding Pathophysiology and ImprovingTreatment2010Does genetic variance in drinking motives explainthe genetic overlap between personality andalcohol involvement?A. K. LittlefieldWashington University School of Medicine in St. LouisA. AgrawalWashington University School of Medicine in St. LouisS. KristjanssonWashington University School of Medicine in St. LouisM. L. PergadiaWashington University School of Medicine in St. LouisS. BalasubramanianWashington University School of Medicine in St. LouisSee next page for additional authorsFollow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/guzeposter2010Part of the Medicine and Health Sciences CommonsThis Poster is brought to you for free and open access by the 2010: Disentangling the Genetics of Alcoholism: Understanding Pathophysiology andImproving Treatment at Digital Commons@Becker. It has been accepted for inclusion in Posters by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Becker. For more information, please contact engeszer@wustl.edu.Recommended CitationLittlefield, A. K.; Agrawal, A.; Kristjansson, S.; Pergadia, M. L.; Balasubramanian, S.; Madden, P.A. F.; Bucholz, K. K.; Slutske, W. S.;and Heath, A. C., "Does genetic variance in drinking motives explain the genetic overlap between personality and alcoholinvolvement?" (2010). Posters. Paper 18 Samuel B. Guze Symposium on Alcoholism.http://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/guzeposter2010/18AuthorsA. K. Littlefield, A. Agrawal, S. Kristjansson, M. L. Pergadia, S. Balasubramanian, P.A. F. Madden, K. K.Bucholz, W. S. Slutske, and A. C. HeathThis poster is available at Digital Commons@Becker: http://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/guzeposter2010/18Background-Genetic risk for alcohol dependence has been shown to overlap with genetic factors contributing to variation in dimensions of personality (Slutske et al., 2002)-Internal drinking motives (i.e., coping and enhancement) have been posited as important mediators of the alcohol-personality relation (e.g., Cooper et al., 1995) and appear to be heritable (Agrawal et al., 2008; Prescott et al., 2004)-However, it remains unclear the extent to which genetic variance in drinking motives: a) overlaps with genetic variance in theoretically related personality constructsb) account for the genetic covariance between personality and alcohol involvement -The current study sought to address two primary research questions1. Do genetic factors contributing to variation in personality also contribute to genetic variation in internal drinking motives?2. If so, does genetic variance in drinking motives explain the genetic overlap between personality and alcohol involvement?DOES GENETIC VARIANCE IN DRINKING MOTIVES EXPLAIN THE GENETIC OVERLAP BETWEEN PERSONALITY AND ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT?Littlefield, A. K., Agrawal, A., Kristjansson S., Pergadia M.L., Balasubramanian, S., Madden, P.A.F., Bucholz, K.K., Slutske, W. S., Heath, A.C., Sher, K. J.Department of Psychological Sciences and the Midwest Alcoholism Research Center, Columbia MO and Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, St. Louis MOThe present research was supported by NIH grants T32 AA13526,  AA13987 and KO5AA017242 to Kenneth J. Sher and P50 AA11998 to Andrew Heath-Data drawn from Wave 4 of Missouri Adolescent Female Twin Study (MOAFTS; Heath et al., 2002)- 3,611 young adult same-sex female twins- Median age = 22, mean age =21.7, SD = 2.8; range 18-29 years-Measures-Alcohol: -Symptom count of DSM-IV (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) abuse and dependence items (AUD symptoms, log-transformed)-Quantitative measure of alcohol consumption (Agrawal et al., 2009)-Personality:-Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Neuroticism: NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI; Costa & McCrae, 1989)-Control: Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ: Tellegen, 1982)-Drinking Motives:-Coping and enhancement scale from Drinking Motives Questionnaire (Cooper, 1994)References: Agrawal, A., Dick, D.M., Bucholz, K. K., Madden, P. A. F., Cooper, M. L., Sher, K. J., & Heath, A. C. (2008). Drinking expectancies and motives: A genetic study of young adult women. Addiction, 103, 194-204. Agrawal, A., Grant, J. D., Littlefield, A. K., Waldron, M., Pergadia, M. L., Lynskey, M. T., et al. (2009). Developing a quantitative measure of alcohol consumption for genomic studies on prospective cohorts. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 70, 157-168. American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington DC: Author. Cooper, M.L. (1994). Motivations for alcohol use among adolescents: Development and validation of a four-factor-model. Psychological Assessments, 6, 117-128. Cooper, M.L., Frone, M.R., Russell, M., & Mudar, P. (1995). Drinking to regulate positive and negative emotions: A motivational model of alcohol use. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 990-1005. Costa, P. & McCrae, R. (1989). NEO PI/FFI Manual Supplement. Odessa, Florida: Psychological Assessment Resources. Heath, A.C., Howells, W., Bucholz, K.K., Glowinski, A.L., Nelson, E.C., & Madden, P.A.F. (2002). Ascertainment of a mid-western US female adolescent twin cohort for alcohol studies: Assessment of sample representativeness using birth record data. Twin Research, 5, 107–112. Prescott C. A., Cross R. J., Kuhn J. W., Horn J. L., & Kendler, K.S. (2004). Is risk for alcoholism mediated by individual differences in drinking motivations? Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 28, 29–39. Slutske, W.S., Heath, A.C., Madden, P.A.F., Bucholz, K.K., Statham, D.J., & Martin, N.G. (2002). Personality and the genetic risk for alcohol dependence. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 111, 124–133.-Findings suggest that genetic variation in coping motives to drink account for a substantial proportion of the genetic overlap between specific personality dimensions and AUD symptoms -Future research should further elucidate specific genetic factors that relate to these constructs- Using data from members of identical/monozygotic (MZ) and fraternal/dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs, we are able to partition individual differences in alcohol involvement, personality, and drinking motives into three sources: additive genetic (A), shared environmental (C) and unique environmental (E)-The extent to which genetic variance in personality overlapped with genetic variance in drinking motives and alcohol involvement was estimated (i.e., genetic correlation)-The genetic correlation between personality and alcohol involvement, adjusting for drinking motives, was then estimated-All analyses conducted in Mx Version 1.7.03-Significant genetic associations were found between coping motives and all personality constructs whereas enhancement motives showed significant genetic overlap with control only -- Coping motives demonstrated the largest genetic overlap with all personality and alcohol involvement measures and accounted for, respectively, over 99%, 60%, and 28% of the genetic covariance between neuroticism, agreeableness, and control with AUD symptoms-Though coping motives reduced the respective relation between agreeableness and control with the alcohol composite, the adjusted estimates were not significantly different from the unadjusted correlations--Enhancement  motives did not significantly reduce the genetic correlations between alcohol involvement and personality MethodCurrent StudyResultsConclusionsAnalytic ProcedureTABLE 1. Phenotypic correlations between alcohol involvement, personality, and drinking motives1 2 3 4 5 6 71. Alcohol Symptoms2. Quantitative Alcohol Composite 0.633. Coping Motives 0.42 0.374. Enhancement Motives 0.37 0.39 0.575. Neuroticism 0.21 0.13 0.35 0.06a6. Conscientiousness -0.21 -0.15 -0.21 -0.13 -0.357. Agreeableness -0.20 -0.15 -0.22 -0.05 -0.42 0.338. Control -0.22 -0.21 -0.21 -0.15 -0.14 0.51 0.29Note. Unless noted otherwise, all estimates significant at p<.05aStatistically non-significant at p<.05TABLE 2. Genetic correlations between alcohol involvement, personality, and drinking motivesAlcohol SymptomsQuantitative Alcohol CompositeCoping Motives Enhancement MotivesCoping Motives 0.81 0.66Enhancement Motives 0.59 0.60Neuroticism 0.33 -0.02a 0.67 0.01aConscientiousness -0.39 -0.01a -0.28 -0.07aAgreeableness -0.40 -0.30 -0.53 -0.02aControl -0.46 -0.34 -0.36 -0.16Note. Unless noted otherwise, all estimates significant at p<.05aStatistically non-significant at p<.05TABLE 3. Genetic correlations between alcohol involvement and personality, adjusting for coping motivesAlcohol SymptomsQuantitative Alcohol CompositeNeuroticism .04 (99%) -Conscientiousness -0.33 -Agreeableness -0.25 (61%) -0.16Control -0.39 (28%) -0.22Note. R2 percentage of genetic covariance explained by coping motives shown in parentheses for correlations that were significantly reduced TABLE 4. Genetic correlations between alcohol involvement and personality, adjusting for enhancement motivesAlcohol SymptomsQuantitative Alcohol CompositeNeuroticism 0.34 -Conscientiousness -0.42 -Agreeableness -0.45 -0.32Control -0.44 -0.26Correspondence regarding this work should be addressed to :Andrew Littlefield: akl9af@mail.missouri.edu

Does genetic variance in drinking motives explain the genetic overlap between personality and alcohol involvement?

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Does genetic variance in drinking motives explain the genetic overlap between personality and alcohol involvement?

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