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The plans of the policy concerning to give birth and be born as a human : focused on the period under the occupation of Japan

Abstract

本論文は, 「人として産み, 生まれること」にかんする政策の構想を分析する。その時期は, 被占領期とする。そのため, 研究方法は, 経済背景より政治背景を優先する。まず, 人口政策の転換をとりあげる。敗戦による激動が, 最初に人口問題にみられた。それは過剰人口と認識され, 対策が求められた。ついで, 母性保護条文の提案と日本国憲法の関係を問題とする。憲法制定過程で, 最も弱い立場になる母性の保護を求める動きがあったからである。さらに, ライフ・ステージごとの政策の構想を検討する。(1)勤労女性の母性の保護を意図する労働基準法, (2)母児の健全な生活保証を意図した母性保護政策, (3)社会保障政策, それを構想する審議会である。この期の政策の構想は, 「新生日本」の建設に呼応した理想に燃えたものであった。それは現実を無視したものでもあった。ここに, 被占領期の政策の構想の特徴があるのである。The purpose of this paper is to analyze the plans of the policy concerning to give birth and be born as a human. This time, we deal with the period of under the occupation of Japan. Then, the political background should be preceded the economical one. First, we refer to the convention of the population policy. After being defeated in the war, severe change was found in the population problems. It is recognized as surplus population and some counter measures were required. Secondly, we refer to the relation between the text of a law about guardianship for motherhood and the Constitution of Japan. Because, there were some movements to require the guardianship for motherhood. Further, we examine the plans of the policy for every life stages. (1) The labor Standard Law for the guardianship of working women, (2) The policy of guardianship for motherhood intended the guarantee of sound living, (3) the social security system and the deliberative council that planed those. The plans of the policy at this time had an ideal to establish New Japan. That ignored realities. Those were the feature of the plans of the policy the period of under the occupation of Japan

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