The
Al-based metal–organic framework (MOF) MIL-53(Al) exhibits
a structural transition between a large-pore (<i>lp</i>)
form and a narrow-pore (<i>np</i>) one. Such change is induced
by temperature, external pressure, or the adsorption of guest molecules. <sup>129</sup>Xe solid-state NMR experiments under static and magic-angle
spinning (MAS) conditions have been used to study the <i>lp</i>–<i>np</i> transition in MIL-53(Al) initially loaded
with xenon gas under a pressure of 5 × 10<sup>4</sup> Pa (at
room temperature). The conversion of the <i>lp</i> form
into the <i>np</i> one when the temperature decreases from
327 to 237 K and the reopening of the pores below 230 K are then observed.
Furthermore, <sup>1</sup>H → <sup>129</sup>Xe cross-polarization
under MAS (CPMAS) experiments demonstrate the possibility to observe
the <i>np</i> phase at <i>T</i> ≤ 230 K,
while the <i>lp</i> one is unseen because the xenon residence
time is too short for successful cross-polarization transfer. Moreover,
even for the <i>np</i> phase at 199 K, the xenon atoms still
exhibit significant motion on time scale faster than a few milliseconds.
We prove the exchange of Xe atoms between the <i>lp</i> and <i>np</i> forms at room temperature with the two-dimensional (2D) <sup>129</sup>Xe EXchange SpectroscopY (EXSY) NMR method. Using <sup>129</sup>Xe selective inversion recovery (SIR) experiments, the rate for this
exchange has been measured at 43 ± 6 s<sup>–1</sup>