Akutna pooperativna bolečina po operativnem posegu lahko prizadene vsakega pacienta in vpliva na njegovo fizično, psihično in duševno stanje. Učinkovitost lajšanja bolečine je odvisna od pacienta samega, zdravnika in medicinske sestre. Danes obstajajo številni pristopi k zdravljenju bolečine vendar niti ena metoda ni popolna. V diplomskem delu smo opisali in primerjali dve metodi, ki veljata za zelo učinkoviti v procesu lajšanja bolečine V slovenskem prostoru je se še vedno najbolj uporabljena konvencionalna parenteralna analgezija, v tujini pa se je pokazala kot učinkovitejša in bolj razširjena metoda analgezije, pri kateri pacient aktivno sodeluje pri lajšanju bolečine »patient controlled analgezija« (PCA). Namen diplomske naloge je predstaviti, opisati in primerjati ti dve metodi, in ugotoviti katera je najučinkovitejša, ima manj slabosti in stranskih učinkov. V diplomskem delu smo opisali in definirali kaj je bolečina, mehanizme bolečine, akutno pooperativno bolečino, konvencionalno parenteralno analgezijo in »patient controlled analgezijo«, se poglobili in raziskali njihove prednosti in slabosti ter jih primerjali. Ugotovili smo, da se je v številnih raziskavah »patient controlled analgezija« pokazala kot metoda, ki ima več prednosti od konvencionalne parenteralne analgezije.Acute postoperative pain after a surgery can affect every patient and affect its physical, psychological and mental state. The effectiveness of pain relief depends on the doctor, nurses and on the patient himself. Today, there exist many approaches to defuse the pain but not a single method is perfect. In the thesis, we describe and compare two methods which are considered to be very effective in the process of pain relief. In the Slovenian territory the most used method is still conventional parenteral analgesia and abroad there exists a method of analgesia, in which the patient takes a part in the relief of pain "Patient Controlled Analgesia" (PCA). This method has proven to be more effective and widely used. The purpose of my thesis is to introduce, describe and compare these two methods, and determine which method is more effective, with fewer drawbacks and side effects. In the thesis, we described and defined what pain is, mechanisms of pain, acute postoperative pain, conventional parenteral analgesia and "Patient Controlled Analgesia". We explored their strengths and weaknesses and compared them. We found out that in many studies "Patient Controlled Analgesia" has more advantages than the conventional parenteral analgesia
