unknown

The economics of converting aluminium wastes into valuable and environmentally friendly products

Abstract

V delu obravnavamo postopke recikliranja aluminijevih zlitin iz odpadnega aluminija in aluminijeve žlindre s pretaljevanjem v rotacijski peči konvertorskega tipa, ogrevani z gorilnikom na zemeljski plin in kisik. Opisani so trije postopki pretaljevanja odpadnega materiala: klasični, "mokri" postopek z dodatkom soli v razmerju 1:1 glede na vsebnost nealuminijskih sestavin v odpadnem materialu, "suhi" postopek z dodatkom soli 0,6:1 glede na nealuminijske sestavine v odpadnem materialu in postopek pretaljevanja brez dodatka soli, ki se večinoma uporablja le za pretaljevanje aluminijeve žlindre. Osnovni problem, ki se pojavlja pri vseh treh postopkih recikliranja aluminijevih zlitin iz odpadnega aluminija in aluminijeve žlindre je predelava stranskih produktov pretaljevanja odpadnega materiala v koristne in okolju neškodljive izdelke oz. surovine za nadaljnjo uporabo. Pri "mokrem" in "suhem" postopku gre za predelavo t.i. "slanega kolača", pripostopku pretaljevanja brez dodatka solipa za predelavo "nekovinskega ostanka". Opisani so in ekonomsko ovrednoteni različni postopki recikliranja soli iz "slanega kolača" in predstavljeni možni postopki nadaljnje predelave "nekovinskega ostanka".The advanced aluminum-alloy recycling procedures, based on remelting of aluminum scrap and aluminum dross in a tilted rotary barrel furnace equipped with a multi-purpose oxy-fuel-based combustion system have been evaluated. These are: the "wet" process, in which typically 1 kg of salt flux is added to 1 kg of non-aluminum constituents of scrap and dross, the "dry" (low-salt) process, which uses 40% less salt flux compared to the "wet" process, and the "salt-free process", which is promising for the recovery of aluminum from aluminum dross. The common problem in all of above-listed procedures is an appropriate divertion of the recycling wastes produced by aluminum recycling in a variety of commercially valuable and environmentally friendly products. The "wet" and "dry" processes generate a so-called "salt cake", which consists of aluminum metal, spent salt flux and residue oxides while the"salt-free process" produces only residue oxides. Different procedures for salt recovery from salt the cake were described and the economics associated with these scenarios were evaluated. Moreover, various possiblities for the conversion of residue oxides into valuable products were listed and the economics associated with additional processing of residue oxides were also evaluated

    Similar works