No Abstract. African Health Science Vol. 8 (1) 2008: pp. 60-6

Ahmed, AJ

Babadoko, AA

Hassan, A

Isa, AH

Mamman, AI

Muktar, HM

PubMed

Muktar, H.M.

Ahmed, A.J.

Isa, A.H.

Babadoko, A.A.

University of Toronto Research Repository

The incidence of HIV among blood donors in Kaduna, Nigeria

TSpace Repository

Muktar,

AJOL - African Journals Online

African Health Sciences Vol 8 No 1 March 2008 60The incidence of HIV among blood donors in Kaduna, NigeriaA Hassan HM, Muktar, AI Mamman, AJ Ahmed, AH Isa, AA BabadokoDepartment of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria,hassanyola@yahoo.comTransfusion transmissible infections are a very seriouscomplication of blood transfusion.1 This is due to thelong term morbidity and mortality associated withinfectious agents such as Human Immunodeficiency Vi-rus (HIV). HIV has continued to pose a great challengeto transfusion medicine, most especially in Africa due toa high transfusion demand.1, 2Since the discovery that HIV is transmittedthrough blood transfusion it became necessary to test allintending blood donors for HIV infection before theyare bled to ensure the safety of all blood and blood prod-ucts to the recipients.1Nigeria with a HIV seroprevalenceof 5% by 2004 has the third largest population of peopleliving with HIV/AIDS in the world.3, 4, 5We carried out this study to determine the inci-dence of HIV infection among all intending blood do-nors over a period of five years from January 2000 toDecember 2004 at the Kaduna Unit of the Ahmadu BelloUniversity Teaching Hospital.A total of six thousand and seventy nine (6079)donors were screened over the period with a mean of1215 donors per year. There was an average of 34 HIVpositive potential donors per year. The mean incidenceof HIV per year was 2.8%. The incidence were 2..5, 2.9,2.6, 3.1 and 2.9 for the years 2000 to 2004. The agegroup 31-40 had the highest incidence of 45.3% of thetotal HIV positive donors; this was followed by age group21-30 with 39.5%. The donors 20 years and old or lesshad the lowest incidence of 5.2%.The finding of an average incidence of 2.8% ofHIV among apparently healthy blood donors in KadunaNorthern central Nigeria is comparatively lower thanthe incidence 3.8% found by Imoru et al in the northerncity of Kano, Nigeria.6 While the findings 1% prevalencein Port Harcourt in South South of Nigeria by Ejele etal.7Zacharia et al reported an HIV incidence of 22%among blood donors in Kampala Uganda in East Africawhich is significantly higher than the Nigerian studies.8An Indian study on a rural population in 2003 reporteda HIV prevalence of 1.56% among blood donors.9It is important to note that there is no decline inthe trend of the incidence of HIV among blood donorsin Kaduna, Nigeria over the years despite HIV/AIDSawareness programmes by both government and non-governmental organisation.10 There is thus a need to im-prove on our public enlightenment programmes, allevi-ate poverty and increase access to antiretroviral therapy.References1. Fleming AF. HIV and Blood Transfusion in sub-saharan Af-rica. Transfusion science 1997; 18: 167-79.2. Fleming AF. AIDS in Africa. Bailliers Clinical Haematology1990; 3: 177-205.3. Federal Ministry of Health. Technical report on the 2003National HIV seroprevalence Survey 2004.4. www.reutershealth.com January 20065. UNAIDS. Global summary of the AIDS Epidemic Decem-ber 2005. also available at URL//www.unaids.org/epi/2005.6. Imoru M et al. Prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen,Hepatitis C virus and HIV among Blood Donors in Kanostate, Nigeria. Journal of medical Laboratory science. 2003;12: 59.7. Ejele OA, Nwauche CA, Erhabor O. Seroprevalence of HIVinfection among Blood donors in port Harcourt, Nigeria.Nigerian Journal of Medicine 2005; 14:287-89.8. Zachariah et al. HIV prevalence and demographic risk fac-tors in blood donors. East African Medical Journal. 2002;79: 88-919. Sonwane BR, Birare SD, Kulkarni PV. Prevalence ofseroreactivity among blood donors in a rural population.Indian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2003; 57: 405-0710. Jombo GTA, Egah DZ, Banwat EB. Human immunodefi-ciency virus in a rural community of plateau state. Effectivecontrol measures still a nightmare? Nig J Med. 2006; 15:49-51.

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Mamman, A.I.

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The incidence of HIV among blood donors in Kaduna, Nigeria

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