A small triple-band 2.7 GHz, 3.2 GHz and 5.3 GHz compact microstrip patch antenna with two U-shaped slots and a small ground plane is presented. It has been developed to be used in future WiMAX technology. The required bandwidths are fulfilled the WiMAX technology 4.8 %, 3 % and 2.5 % respectively. The return loss for the triple band are -18.5 dB, -14.5 dB and -19 respectively

AbuTarboush, HF

Al-Raweshidy, H

Nilavalan, R

English

Brunel University Research Archive

Compact double U-Slots Patch Antenna for Mobile WiMAX Applications  H. F. AbuTarboush, H. S. Al-Raweshidy and R. Nilavalan.  Wireless Networks & Communications Group (WNCG) School of Engineering & Design, Brunel University, West London, UK. Hattan.AbuTarboush@brunel.ac.uk   Abstract  A small triple-band 2.7 GHz, 3.2 GHz and 5.3 GHz compact microstrip patch antenna with two U-shaped slots and a small ground plane is presented. It has been developed to be used in future WiMAX technology. The required bandwidths are fulfilled the WiMAX technology 4.8 %, 3 % and 2.5 % respectively. The return loss for the triple band are -18.5 dB, -14.5 dB and -19 respectively.  1-Introduction   The IEEE 802.16 Working Group has established a new standard known as WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) this WiMAX can reach a theoretical up to 30-mile radius coverage, Moreover the data rate concerned for the WiMAX bands is 70 Mbps. Nowadays researches focusing on how to design an antenna for WiMAX technology. Basically WiMAX has three allocated frequency bands called low band, middle band and high band. The low band has frequency from 2.5 GHz to 2.8 GHz, the middle band has frequency from 3.2 GHz to 3.8 GHz and the high band has 5.2GHz to 5.8 GHz. Microstrip patch antenna consists of a dielectric substrate, with a ground plane on the other side. Due to its advantages such as low weight , low profile planar configuration, low fabrication costs and capability to integrate with microwave integrated circuits technology, the microstrip patch antenna is very well suited for applications such as wireless communications system, cellular phones, pagers, radar systems, and satellite communications systems[1,2]. The main advantage of using Transmission Line feeding is very easy to fabricate and Simple to match by controlling the inset position and relatively simple to model.  Narrow bandwidth in microstrip patch antenna is a disadvantage. The broadband characteristic of a microstrip patch antenna with a U-shaped slot has been confirmed by many published results and several design of broadband slots antenna has been reported [3-6]. A multi U-slot Patch antenna has been reported recently for 5 GHz WLAN [7], and also a monopole antenna for WiMAX applications was proposed in [8].   In this paper, a double U-slot microstrip patch antenna is designed and simulated for WiMAX bands with over all dimensions 50 mm x 40 mm and height of 1.5 mm. A parametric study on the structure is made in-order to obtain the best possible size and position of the connectors. Simulation results based on a commercially available Finite Element package, HFSS, on the return loss, and E, H plane radiation pattern are provided and discussed.  2- Antenna design  In this paper several parameters have been investigated using Ansoft HFSS software. The design specifications for the Patch Antenna are:  The dielectric material selected for the design is FR4 which has dielectric constant of (εr =4.4) and thickness of dielectric substrate (h) = 1.5 mm.The antenna is fed by 50 Ω microstrip line, through a quarter wavelength transformer for impedance matching.     Figure 1 configuration of the double U-slots Patch antenna on a dielectric substrate. The overall dimensions of the Double U-slot patch are:  L 40 mm W 50 mm L2 30 mm W2 25 mm La 15 mm Wa 5 mm Lb 5 mm Wb 2.5 mm Lc 5 mm Wc 5 mm Ld 10 mm Wd 5 mm Lf 19.59 mm Wf 2 mm  Table 1: the dimensions of the Antenna  WiMAX technology has a data rate up to 70 Mbps. Through simulations return loss losses were calculated with different widths of the connector (As shown in Fig. 1) and the E-Plane and H-Plane radiation patterns were also simulated as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.    Figure 2: the Simulation result for the double U-slot Antenna. Fig. 2 shows response for the double U-Slot antenna at three bands which they are 2.7 GHz, 3.2 GHz and 5.3 GHz. The three bands satisfied the bandwidth of the WiMAX technology. The impedance bandwidth for the low band is 4.8 % which satisfy the required bandwidth for WiMAX. Also for the middle band the impedance bandwidth is 3 % whereas in the higher band the bandwidth is 2.5 %. The return losses for the three bands are -18.5 dB, -14.5 dB and -19 respectively.                                                                                      Figure 3a                                                                                  Figure 3b          Figure 3c  Figure 3: (a) E and H Plane Radiation Pattern at 2.7 GHz. (b) at 3.2 GHz. (c) at 5.3 GHz.  3- Conclusion  The triple-band behaviour at 2.7, 3.2 and 5.3 GHZ has been achieved as well as the bandwidth requirements for WiMAX standards 4.8 %, 3 % and 2.5 % respectively. The return loss for the triple band is -18.5 dB, -14.5 dB and -19 dB respectively. Very broad radiation patterns have been obtained which seems to be adequate for the envisaged applications  Acknowledgement  The authors would like to thank Ansoft Company UK for their support in HFSS software.   References  [1]W.L. Stutzman and G.A. Thiele, Antenna Theory and Design, 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 1998   [2]C.A. Balanis, Antenna Theory, 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1997.  [3]K. F. Tong, K.M. Luk,K.F. Lee, and S.M.Shum, “ Analysis of a broadband U-slot microstrip antenna,” 10th international conference on Antenna and propagation, pp 14-17, April 1997, conference publication no.436, IEEE 1997.   [4] M. Sanad, “Double C-patch antennas having different aperture shapes,” in Proc. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Dig., June 1995, pp.2116–2119.  [5] Murad NA. “Microstrip U-shaped dual-band antenna,” Applied Electromagnetic, 2005 APACE 2005 Asia-Pacific Conference on 2005:4 pp.  [6] Hadian AM. “Wideband rectangular microstrip patch antenna with U-slot,” Antennas and Propagation, 2007 EuCAP 2007 The Second European Conference on. 2007:1-5.  [7] Jeong-Min JU, Gyey-Teak JEONG, Joong-Han YOON, Cheol-Soon KIM, Hyung-Sup KIM, and Kyung-Sup KWAK, “Design of Multiple U-Shaped Slot    Microstrip Patch Antenna in 5 GHz Band WLAN,” IEICE Trans B: Communications E88-B: 821-825.  [8] T. liu and L. L. Wong, “A wideband Stubby Monopole Antenna and a GPS for WiMAX Mobile Phone with E911 Function,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letter, Vol 46, 2005, pp. 485-487.     

A wideband Stubby Monopole Antenna and a GPS for WiMAX

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Antenna Theory, 2nd ed.

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Triple band double U-slots patch antenna for WiMAX mobile applications

Triple band double U-slots patch antenna for WiMAX mobile applications

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