Psychological interventions for the family-- such as parenting skills training and behavioral therapy for the child, the parents, or the whole family--reduce conflict behaviors in adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, based on extrapolation from systematic reviews of younger children with ODD and adolescents with conduct disorder). ODD most commonly does not occur as a solitary diagnosis.When ODD is associated with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or other medication-responsive comorbid conditions, medical treatment reduces overall symptoms (SOR: B, based on a meta-analysis of adolescent and younger children with both ODD and ADHD)
