The talk illustrates two aspects of reshaping forest management in order to tackle the pressures of climate change and address the combined challenges of adaptation, mitigation and ecosystem service regulation : (i) resource management planning has to put more emphasis on coordinated, multi-scale procedures, diversification, tree planting, ecosystem resilience support, investment selection, logistics and information management ; (ii) ecological intensification, in the case of temperate forests, may be viewed as a more efficient use of natural and human-induced cycles of matter, energy and information in ecosystems as well as in the emerging bioeconomy. Through questioning how to implement management change in a context of uncertainty, stronger constraints and higher and more diverse expectations, ecological intensification for forests cannot be confused with naturalness, and contradicts European concepts of « close-to-nature forestry » in many regards. It is more productive to see ecological intensification as investing to improve the monitoring of different critical fluxes and the efficiency of their use (carbon, water, nutrients, products-coproducts-byproducts, species-genetic resources, plants, fertilizers, machines, information, etc…). For European foresters, making a clear distinction between ecology and imitation of nature will be a fundamental challenge to successfully achieve the present transitio
