Os arrojamentos ocorridos em 1989, dum zífio, Ziphius cavirostris G. Cuvier, 1823, na ilha de Santa Maria, e duma baleia de bico-de-Gervais, Mesoplodon europaeus (Gervais, 1855) na ilha do Faial, representam os primeiros registos destas espécies paro o Arquipélago dos Açores. As medidas externas dos dois espécimes e a craniometria de M. europaeus são apresentadas. Fornece-se também uma lista actualizada das 22 espécies de cetáceos registados para as águas dos Açores, embora a presença de 3 delas seja actualmente duvidosa.ABSTRACT: Two standings in 1989 of a Cuvier’s Beaked Whale, Ziphius cavirostris G. Cuvier, 1823, on the Island of Santa Maria, and of a Gervais’ Beaked Whale, Mesoplodon europaeus (Gervais, 1855), on the Island of Faial, represent the first records of these species in the Azores archipelago. Body measurements of both specimens and the skull biometry of M. europaeus are presented. An updated checklist or 22 cetaceans recorded from the Azorean waters is also presented, although the presences of 3 of them are actually dubious

Gonçalves, João M.

Reiner, Francisco

Santos, Ricardo S.

Repository of the University of the Azores

Duas novas ocorrências de Ziphiidae (Cetacea) nos Açores e actualização da lista de espécies de cetáceos

Repositório da Universidade dos Açores

NOTAlNOTE TWO NEW RECORDS OF ZIPHIlDAE (CETACEA) FOR THE AZORES WITH AN UPDATED CHECKLlST OF CETACEAN SPECIES FRANCISCO REINER, JOÃO M. GONÇALVES & RI CARDO S. SANTOS ARQUIPÉLAGO INTRODUCfION REINER, F., J.M. GONÇAL VES & R.S . SAt\TOS 1993 . Two llCW records of Ziphiidac (Cctacea) for lhe M .ores with an updatcd cbccklist of cetace<Ul speóes. Arquipélago. Life and Marine Sciences lI A: 113-118. Angra do Heroismo. ISSN 0870-6581. Two strandings in 1989 or a Cuvier's Beakcd Wbal<:. Ziphiu.\ caviroslris G. Cuvier. IH23. 0 0 lhe island or Santa Maria. and oí a Gt:rVais' Beakcd Whale. Mesoplodon europaeus (Gcrvais, 1855). on the is land of Faial. represem lhe [[rst rccords of Lhesc spccics !O Lhe Azores archipclago. Body measurements of both speçimeDs and tbe skull hiometry or M. ellrQpeU5 are prcsented. An updated cbccklist or 22 cetaceans recorded from Lhe AZOI"can waters is also prcscntcd. altbough the prescnce of 3 of tbem are actually dubious. REI:-<ER, F., J.M. GONÇALVES & R.S. SANTOS 1993. Duas novas ocorrências de Ziphiidae (Cetacea) nos Açores e actuali l ... aç.:'\o da lista de espécies de cetáceos. Arquipélago. Ciências Biológicas c Marinhas liA: 113-1 18. Angra do Heroísmo. IS5N 0870-658 1. Os arrojamentos ocorridos em 1989. dum zífio. Ziphius cavirostris G. Cuvier. 1823. na ilba de Santa Maria. e dwna baleia de bico-de.{jervais. Mesop/odon eurofXleus (G.:rvais. 1&55) na ilha do Faial. representam os primeiros rel:;lslos deSlas espécies paro. o Arquipélago dos Açores. As medidas cxlCl1las dos dois espécimes c a cramometria de M. europaeu$ são apresentadas. Fornece-se também uma lista ~tuali7..ada das 22 esp6cics de cetácoos regis tadas para as águas dos Açorc.~, embora a presença de 3 delas sej a ac tualmente duvidosa. F ranci5co Reiner, Projecto Delfim, Grupo de Invesfigaçào sobre 0$ (;olfinhos, PraceIa Gon(alves Zarco, 5. 4" Dto. pj-278O Oeiras. Ponugal . . João M. Gonçalves &- Ricardo Sermo SanlO.l, Depanamenro de Oceanografia e Pescas. Umver~idade dos Açores, P{·9900 Hona. Açore.l. I'orluf.:al. MATERIAL ANO METHODS The invcstlgalions of martne m.ammals ln lhe Azores in recent years have incl udcd studies o r live animais in lhe wi ld. using visual , pboto-graphic. biochemical and acoustic ICchniqucs (cf. ALLb" el al. 1979. MARTIN 1986, and GoRDOl\ et aI. 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990). However, strandings continue LO bc an irnfXlrtam sourcc of material and prov idc confmnation of lhe identity of some spe-cies (e.g. TllXEIRA 1978, REINER & SAl\'TOS 1984, MAR'Ill\S et ai. 1985, REINER 1986. REIl\'ER & LACERDA 1989. Gol\ÇALVES et ai. 1992, SE· Ql.:EIRA el ai. 1992). The presence in Azorean wa-ICes of IWO ncw ziphiids and lhe minke whalc is only kllOwn from soch events. The presem paper adds IWO new spedes LO the !iSI of cetaceans oc-curring in lhe Azores and updatcs previous check-li sls by CLARKF. (1981), REIl\ER (1988) and GAL! IARfX) (1990). Thc remains of a Ziphius cavirOSlris (Fig. 1) were found stranâed on a sha1low rccf, in an advanced stalC of dccay near S. LOurenço beach ln lhe Island of Santa Maria on lhe 15 of February 1989. Mcas-uremell ts wcrc made by local nalUmlists (Tahle I). A singlc Mesoplodon ettropaeus was found stmnded in Pono Pim beach in the island of Faial on lhe 21 of August 1989. The mcasurements of this spedmen are t.aken according lO NORRIS (1961) (Table 1). 1be skull of M. europaeus was removed a.lld preserved (Fig. 2). It is 1l0W depos-iled al lhe National Museum of Natural History (Museu Bocage) in Lisbon (rccord no. 18403). POSterior craniometric data have becn taken from lhis skull (Tablc 2) according to MOORE (1963). Thc stOmach oontained fish ololiths, nOI yel iden-tificd. For identiflcatioll of both specimens. lhe 113 Fig. 1 - Stranded specimen of Ziphius cavirost~is. Right side view from front. Fig. 2 - The skull of Mesoplodon europaeus. A - Right lateral view; B - Mandible; C - Teeth. 114 guides by LEATHERWOOD & REEVES (1983), RIDGWAY & HARRISON (1985), DUGUY & RO- BINEAU (1987) and EVANS (1987) have been used. Photographs of both specimens were taken (F. Re- iner collection). Reports of species in the literature were only included if they were found within the 200 miles of the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of the Azores. RESULTS - Ziphius cavirostris G. Cuvier, 1823 The specimen (Fig. 1) was a male with a total length of 620 cm (Table 1). According to KEN- YON'S (1961) table, the weight of this animal would have been about 2800 kgs. This species is the most cosmopolitan and abundant of the beaked whales, distributed in a l l  oceans and most seas, except in the high polar wa- ters (MOORE 1963, HEKNING 1989). - Mesoplodon europaeus Gervais, 1855 The specimen was a female with a total length of Table 1 External measurements (in cm) of stranded specimen taken according to NORRIS (1961) and stranding data Ziphius Mesoplodon cavirostris europaeus Date 15 February 1989 21 August 1989 Locality Praia S. Lourenqo Praia Porto Pim Latitude N 36" 59.02' 38' 34.08' Longitude W 25' 03.02' 28" 36.05' Island Santa Maria Faial Sex male female Total length 620 315 Tip of snout to centre of eye 47 Length of g a F  26 Tip of snout to blowhole 40 Tip of snout to ant. insert. of flipper - 76 Tip of snout to ant. insert. of dor. fin - 203 Tip of snout to midpoint genital slit - 214 Tip of snout to anus 237 Length flipper, axilla insert. to tip - 38 Maximum width of flipper 11 Width of flukes, tip to tip 80 3 15 cm (Table 1). Colouration was uniformly dark gray on the back, slightly lighter underneath with irregular white markings on the ventrum, specially in the genital region. This species is known only from the Atlantic, where it appears to prefer warm temperate and subtropical waters. It may be closely associated with the Gulf stream (LEATHERWOOD & REEVES 1983). The measurements taken from the skull (Table 2) are only part of the MOORE (1963) craniometri- cal suggestions, because the anterior parts of ros- trum and jaws were damaged. Table 2 Cranial measurements (in mm) of Mesop@don europaeus frqm Porto Pim, Faial island (taken accordmg to MOORE 1963) Length of temporal fossa Length of orbit Breadth of skull across postorbital process of frontals Breadth of skull across zygomatic process of squamosals Breadth of skull across centers of orbits Greatest span of occipital condyles Greatest width of an occipital condyle Greatest length of an occipital condyle Breadth of skull across exoccipitals Breadth of nasals on vertex Least distance between premaxillary crests Greatest span of premaxillary crests Width of premaxillae at midlength of rostrum Width of rostrum in apices of antorbital notches Width of rostrum in apices of prominential notches Greatest width of rostrum at midlength of rostrum Greatest depth of rostrum at midlength of rostrum Greatest transverse width of superior nares Height of skull. Distance between vertex of skull and most ventral point on pterygoids Greatest width of temporal fassa approximately at right angles to greatest length Least distance between maxillary foramina Least distance between premaxillary foramina Distance from posterior margin of left maxillary fora- men to most anterior extension of left maxillary proeminence Greatest length of vomer visible at surface palate Length of tympanic bulla, left Length of tympanic bulla, right Height of mandible at coronoid process Outside height of mandible at midlength of alveolus Inside height of mandibles at midlength of alveolus Length of alveolus Width of alveolus Greatest length of tooth Greatest breadth of tooth DISCUSSION These new records bring the number of cetaceans reported from the Azores to 22 species (Table 3). However, the status of some of the species are still considered doubtful (marked with "?" in Table 3). Despite being recorded in the past (see CHAVES 1924, FERREIRA 1935, CLARKE l98l), the pres- ence of Phocoena phocoena (harbour porpoise) is . dubious as it has not been sighted recently. Simi- larly Eubalaena glacialis (northern right whale) was also reported by these authors and is still listed for the Azores in recent books (e.g. LEATH- ERWOOD & REEVES 1983, DUGUY & ROBINEAU 1987, EVANS 1987), but has not been seen in re- cent years (c.f. GOWN et al. 1987, 1988, 1989, REWER 1988, STEINER & GORDON 1990). This is not surprising if the rarity of this species (see EVANS, 1987) at present is considered. The same reason could explain the previous reports of Balaenoptera musculus (blue whale) by CHAVE~ (1924) and FERREIRA (1935) also quoted by RE- INER (1988) and GALHARDO (1990), but not re- ported anywhere else (e.g. not included in CLARKE 1981). Some doubt also surrounds the status of the the pilot whales (Globicephula spp.) as has been pointed out by ALLEN et al. (1979). The long- finned pilot whale (G. melaena) has been recorded by several authors (e.g. CHAVES 1924, FERREIRB 1935, REINER 1985, 1988), but the clear distinc- tion of the two species of Globicephala are only possible after 1971 (cf. CLARKE 1981). SEINER & GORDON (1990) concluded that the pilot whales observed in the summer months during cruises by S N  "Song of the Whale" (1987-1990) off the Azores were all G. macrorhynchus (short-finned pilot whales), a species also reported from strand- i n g ~  (CLARKE 1981, REINER 1985, 1988, GONWVES et al. 1992). Furthermore the reports of G. melaena by REINER (1988) are based on rather weak evidence (a male foetus dating from 1894 in the Museum Carlos Machado, Ponta Del- gada -MRCM no. 182, and on a capture of an adult male near Capelas, S. Miguel, in 1956, re- corded by Mr. A. Cymbron). SEINER & GORDON (1990) suggest that the long-finned pilot whale, which has a more northerly dismbution than the short-finned, may be found in the Azorean Archi- pelago in the winter. CLARKE (1981) Considered the status of an- other 2 species doubtful (not listed in Table 3): Mesoplodon densirosnis and Kogia simus, both reported at genus level. The presence of the first was only suspected from sightings and the second was a possible misidentification in TEIXEIRA-s (1978) report. CHAW (1924) and FERREIRA (1935) cited K. breviceps, but correct identifica- tion of this species was not then possible as it had not been differentiated from K. simus. However, MARTINS et al. (1985) established the presence of K. breviceps in Azorean waters. ALLEN et al. (1979) report another two species for the Azores: the white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus) and the white-beaked dolphin (L albirostris). Both species have been reported to them by Azorean fishermen, but are considered unreliable reports by these authors, and are not listed here (Table 3). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We'would like to thank Mr. J o b  Brum of the Depart- ment of Biology, University of the Azores. We also thank Mr. Josi Umberto Chaves and Mr. Adalberto Teixeira Pombo for their assistance with field work. We are grateful to Dr. James G. Mead (National Mu- seum of Natural History - Smithsonian Institution) for having shared with us valuable data concerning the spe- cies dealt with as well as for confiation of our identi- fication. We are alsc grateful to Dr. JoSo Constibcia (Museu Carlos Machado, S. Miguel), for his assistance. A special thanks is due to Dr. Jonathan Gordon for his critical review of the manuscript and to Dr. Malcom R. Clarke for correcting the language. REFERENCES 1- ALLEN, A., Q. BISHOP & J. GORDON 1979. The Re- port of Cambridge Azores Expedition. University of Cambridge. 46 pp. 2- CHAVES, A. 1924. Cekiceos que aparecem no mar dos Aqores. A Pesca Maritirna 2 (15): 4 1 4 .  3- C a m ,  R. 1981. Whales and dolphins of the Azores and their exploitation. Report of the Znterna- tional Whaling Commission (SCl32101) 31: 607- 615. 4- DUGUY, R. & D. ROBJNEAU 1987. Guia a!e los Mamgeros Marinos de Europa. Ediciones Omega. Barcelona. 198 pp. 5- EVANS, P. 1987. The Natural Histoly of Whales % Dolphins. Christopher Helm, Publ. Kent, U.K.. 343 PP- Table 3 Updated list of cetaceans (Order Cetacea Brisson, 1762) recorded in the ~zo iean  EEZ (T- strandings; S- sightings: C- catches; *- new records; ? - species records considered as dubious). Scientific name 1 English Name1 Portuguese ~ a m e ~  Type of Authors Record Sub-Order Odontoceti Flower, 1867 Fam Phocoenidae (Gray, 1825) Bravard, 1885 ? 1- Phocoena phocoena (Linnaeus. 1758) Fam. Delphinidae Gray. 1821 2- Delphinus delphis Linnaeus. 1758 Harbour porpoise Bbo Common dolphin 3- Tursiops truncatus (Montagu. 1821) Bottlenose dolphin Spotted dolphin Striped dolphin False killer whale Killer whale Risso's dolphin Roaz: Roaz- corvineuo 4-  Stenella fronralis (G. Cuvier, 1829) 5- Srenella coeruleoalba (Meyen, 1833) 6- Pseudorca crassidow (Owen. 1846) 7- Orcinus orca (Linnaeus, 1758) Orca Roaz-de- bandkira Grarnpo; Moleiro 8- Grampus griseus (G. Cuvier, 1812) ? 9- Globicephala melaena' (Traill, 1809) Long-finned pilot whale Short-finned pilot whale Baleia-piloto; Boca- de-panela 10- Globicephala macrorhynchus (Gray, 1846) Fam. Ziphiidae Gray, 1865 11- Hyperocdon ampullatus (Forster. 1770) Northern bottlenose whale Botinhoso Zifio Baleia-de-bico-de- Sowerby Baleia-de-bicc-de- Gervais * 12- Ziphius cavirostris G. Cuvier, 1823 13- Mesoplodon bidens (Sowerby, 1804) Cuvier's beaked whale Sowerby's beaked whale T this note S, C i99. 20'21. * 14- Mesoplodon europaeus Gervais. 1855 Gervais' beaked whale T 7, this note Fam. Kogiidae (Gill. 1871) Miller, 1923 15- Kogia breviceps (de Blainville, 1838) Pygmy sperm whale Fam. Physeteridae Gray. 1821 16- Physerer macrocephalus Linnakus, 1758 Sperm whale Cachalote Sub-Order Mysticeti Flower, 1864 Fam. Balaenidae Gray, 1825 ? 17- Eubalaena glacialis (Muller, 1776) Fam. Balaenopteridae Gray, 1864 18- Megaptera novaeangliae (Borowski, 1781) Northern right whale Humpback whale ? 19- Balaenoptera musculus (Linnaeus, 1758) 2@ Balamopreraphysalus (Linnaeus, 1758) Blue whale Fin whale 21- Balaenoprera borealis Lesson. 1828 Sei whale 22 - Balaenoptera acutoroszrata Ladpsde. 1804 Minke whale Baleia-an% T 2.3 .6 .7 .27  :- Classification and common names according to EVANS (1987). -Accor&ng to SEQUEIRA (1988) and GALHARDO (1990). 6- FERREIRA, E. 1935. Gigantes dos mares dos Aqores. Aforeana (Boletim da Sociedade Afonso Chaves) 2: 74-86. 7- GALHARDO, M.L. 1990. Cetaceos que Ocorrem nos A~ores (Biologia, Ecobgia e Taxonomia) e Estudos Sobre a Histdria da Baleafiio nos A~ores. Relat6rio de Estigio da Licenciatura em Biologia e Geologia do Departamento de Biologia da Universidade dos Aqores. 330 pp. 8- GONCALVES, J.M., L. GALHARDO & J. BRUM 1992. Marine mammals stranded in the Azores during 1990-91. Arquipklago. L i e  and Earth Sciences 10: 113-118. 9- GORDON, J., T. AFWOM, J. BRUM, C. COXSON, R. CUNHA. D. GILLESPIE, T. GORDON, K. HUGHES, T. KIRBY, K. STOREY & V. WALSH 1987. Zke first cruise of Tong of the Whale" and cetacean re- search carried out in the Azores by the Interna- tional Fund for Animal Welfare. Cambridge. l l pp. 10- GORDON. J , T. ARNBOM, D. GILLESPIE, T. GORDON, R. LEAPER, A.C. LESCRAUWERT, P. LOVELL & L. STEINER 1988. Preliminary report on cetacean re- search being conducted in the waters around the Azores by the International Fund for Animal Wel- fare. Cambridge. 95 pp. 11- GORDON, J., A. GODDARD, G. LEAPER, R. LEAPER, L. STEINER & C. WH~I'MORE 1989. Report of the In- ternational Fund for Animal Welfare's. Cetacean research program in the Azores. Cambridge. 59 pp. 12- GORDON, J., L. STEWER & J. GONCALVES 1990. Sei whale (Balaenoptera borealis) encountered in the Azores: a new record for the Region. - Arquipe'lago. Life and Earth Sciences 8: 97-100. 13- HEYNING, J.E. 1989. Cuvier's beaked whale Ziphius cavirostris G. Cuvier, 1823. In: S.H. RIDGWAY & R. HARRISON (Eds.). Handbook of Marine Mam- mals, Vol. 4. Academic Press. London. 14- KENYON, K.W. 1961. Cuvier's beaked whales stranded in the Aleutian islands. Journal of Mam- rmlogy 42: 71-76. 15- LEATHERWOOD, S. & R.R. REEVES 1983. Zhe Sierra Club Handbook of Whales and Dolphins. Sierra Club Books. San Francisco. U.S.A. 302 pp. 16- MARTIN, A.R. 1986. Feeding association between dolphins and shearwaters around the Azores Is- lands. Canadian Journal of Zoology 64: 1372- 1374. 17- MARTINS, H.R., M.R. CLARKE, F. WWER & R.S. SANTOS 1985. A pigmy sperm whale, Kogia bre- viceps (Blainville, 1838)(Cetacea: Odontoceti) stranded on Faial Island, Azores, with notes on Cephalopod beaks in stomach. Arquipklago. S&e CiEncias daNatureza 6: 63-70. 18- MOORE, J.C. 1963. The goose-beaked whales, where in the world? Bulktin of the Chicago Natural History Museum 34: 2-3. 19- NORRIS, K. 1961. Standardized methods for meas- uring and recording on the smaller cetaceans. Jour- nal of Mammology 42 (4): 471-476. 20- REINER, F. 1985. Mammifere Marins de 1'Atlan- tique Portugais er k Phoque Moine de Madkre. ThBse presenke a l'Universit6 d'Aix-Marseille III, pour obtenir de DiplBme dC8tudes Doctorales 244 PP. 21- REINER, F. 1986. First record of Sowerby's beaked whale from the Azores. The Scientific Reports of the Whaks Research Institute 37: 103-107. 22- REINER, F. 1988 (1990). Records of Marine Mam- mals of the Azores Islands. Garcia da Orta, Se'rie de Zoobgia 15 (2): 21-36. 23- REWER, F. & R.S. S m S  1984. On the occur- rence of the false killer whale, Pseudorca crassi- dens (Owen, 1846) in the waters of Azores. Mem6ria.s do Museu do Mar, Cascais. Portugal. SBrie Zool6gica 3 (26): 7pp. 24- RELNER, F. & M. LACERDA 1989. Note on the pres- ence of Pseudorca crassidens in Azorean waters. Bocagiana, 130: 7 pp. 25- RICHARD, J. 1936. Documents sur les Citacis et Pinnip3es Provenant des Campagnes du Prince Al- bert lm de Monaco. Resultats des Cmpagnes Scientifiques du Prince Albert de Monaco. Fasc. XCIV. Imprenserie de Monaco. 72 p. 26- RIDGWAY, S. & R. HARRISON 1985. Handbook of Marine Mammals. The Sirenians and Baleen Whales. Vol. 3. Academic Press. London. 361 pp. 27- SEQUEIRA, M.L. 1988. Mamferos Marinhos da Costa Porruguesa. Padr6es de Distribuipio e Ocor- rtncia das Principais Espkcies. Relahjrio de Est5gio da Licenciatura em Recursos Faunisticos e Ambiente da Faculdade de CiEncias das Universi- dade Cltissica de Lisboa. 187 p. 28- SEQUEIRA, M., A. WCIO & F. REINER 1992. Arro- jamentos de mamiferos marinhos na costa por- tuguesa entre 1978 e 1988. - Estudos de Biologia e Conservapio da Natureza 7. 48 pp. SNPRCN - Nficleo de Mamiferos Marinhos. Lisboa. 29 - S T J ~ E R ,  L. & 3. GORDON 1990. Cetacean sighr- ings made between I987 and I990 in the Azores. Unpublished Report from the Internatonal Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW). 16 pp. 30- TEIXEIRA, .M. 1978. Sobre a ocorrEncia de urn ex- emplar de cachalote-anLo, Kogia breviceps (Blain- ville, 1838) no mar dos Aqores. Membrias do Museu do Mar, Cascais, Portugal. S6rie Zool6gica 1 (3): 1-5. Accepted 23 September 1993. 

Duas novas ocorrências de Ziphiidae (Cetacea) nos Açores e actualização da lista de espécies de cetáceos

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