Author name used in this publication: 刘俊峰, LIU Jun-fengAuthor name used in this publication: 吴丽群Author name used in this publication: 颜汉荣Title in Traditional Chinese: 可再生能源分布式發電能量管理的複雜性研究Journal title in Traditional Chinese: 控制理論與應用2011-2012 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Liu, J

Ngan, HW

Wu, J

Wu, LQ

Zeng, J

Author name used in this publication: 刘俊峰, LIU Jun-fengAuthor name used in this publication: 吴丽群Author name used in this publication: 颜汉荣Title in Traditional Chinese: 可再生能源分布式發電能量管理的複雜性研究Journal title in Traditional Chinese: 控制理論與應用2011-2012 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishedVoR allowe

PolyU Institutional Repository

? 29?? 2?2012? 2?? ? ? ? ? ? ?Control Theory & ApplicationsVol. 29 No. 2Feb. 2012????????????????????????: 1000−8152(2012)02−0257−08? ?1, ???2, ???3, ? ?1, ???2(1. ??????????,???? 510640;????????????,???? 510640;2. ????????????,????; 3. ???????????,???? 510006)??:????????????????????????????.??????????????????????,??????Agent????????????.??????,??????????????????Agent,?????????Agent???,???3???Agent???????;???????????????????3?????MAS????,???????Agent???Agent?????????,????????????????????????????MAS????. ??????Petri???????????????????,?????????????????????.???: ?????;?????;????;?????;?Agent???????: TP273 ?????: AComplex characteristics of energy management system fordistributed renewable energy generationZENG Jun1, LIU Jun-feng2, WU Li-qun3, WU Jie1, NGAN H.W.2(1. College of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Guangdong 510640, China;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Technology, Guangzhou Guangdong 510640, China;2. Department of Electrical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China;3. Faculty of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Guangdong 510640, China)Abstract: A new system of energy management for distributed renewable energy generation is proposed. The complexcharacteristic of this system is analyzed, and requirements on coordination and optimization for energy management arepresented in the agent-based modeling simulation. The intelligent hybrid agent is proposed with a three layer model, anda dynamic macro multiple agent system is built. New concepts of the main-agent and the mobile-agent are proposed tofacilitate the decision-making and the system optimization. Finally, a colored Petri Net is built and applied to simulate thecooperation and optimization process of the system in operation. The results show that the system is valid, rational andeffective.Key words: renewable energy; distribution generation; energy management; optimization and cooperation; multi-agentsystem1 ??(Introduction)????????????????????[1]????,?????????????.???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????(??50MW??),??????????[2]. ????????,???????????,?????????,??????????????????, ????????????,???????????. ????????(??)?????????????????????????????????????????????,?????????.?????????, ????????????, ????????????????????????????, ????????????????????????[3],????[4]??,??????????????????????????????.??[5]???????????,??????????????????????????, ????????????????????????[5], ????????????????????????. Mohamed????????????????????????????????: 2011−06−22;??????: 2011−12−20.????: ????????????(60904078);????????????(51177050);?????????????;?????????????????????(x2dl-D211081W).258 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 29?????????????????,??????????????????, ?????????????????????,???????,???????????????????????????????????????[6]. Dimeas???Agent??(MAS)?????????????????????????,?????????,??????????,??????,?????????????,????????????[7].Lum????????????????????????Agent??, ??MAS??, ???????????????????????????????????????, ??????????????????????[8]. ???, ?? [2]?????????????????????????????[2]. ??????????????????????????????[9], ?????????????????. ?????????????????????????????,???????????????????????, ??????????????Agent??[10].?????????????, ???????????????????????????????, ????????????[11]??MAS????????, ??????????Petri????????????[12–15].???????????????????–?????????????, ???????????????????, ????????, ?????????????????????????,??????????????????????,????????????????????????????????????????????, ??????Agent????, ?????????????, ???????????????????????.??,????Petri??????????????????, ????????????.2 ???????????????(Dis-tribution generation based on renewable en-ergy)2.1 ??????(Frame of the DG)??????????????????????????,?????????????????1??.? 1 ???????????????????–????????????Fig. 1 Framework of distributed renewable energy power system in renewable energy research center ofSouth China University of Technology??1????, ??????. ?????????????????????????, ????????????. ???????????????????, ?????????????????????????, ????????????????????????????????????/?????????????????. ?????????,????? 2? ???: ???????????????????? 259?????????, ???????????????????????,?????????????????????–??????????,????????????. ?????????,??????????????????.2.2 ??????(Energy management system)??????????????????????????,????????????,???????,???????????,?????????,??????.????????????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????,?????????,??????????????,???????????????????. ?????????????????????????.??????????????,????????????????????,????????????????????. ??,?????????,??????,??????,?????????????????,?????????????,?????????????,????????????????,???????????????????,????????????????????????????,?????????,?????????????.????, ????1, ????????????????????: ???????, ??????????????;???????????, ??????????????; ? ???????????,??????????????;???????????????????,??????????????????;?????????,????????,??????????????,????,?????????????,?????????. ?????????,?????????,???????????????????.??????,???????????,????????????,?????????????????,?????????:1) ?????.????????????,?????????????????????,??????????,?????????????,????????????.2) ????.???????????????????????????????, ???????????????.3) ????.???????????????(??)????(??)????????.4) ???????????.???????????????????, ?????????????,????????,????????????????.??,?????????????????????????????–???????,??????Agent????,?????????????,????????.3 ??Agent?????????(Model-ing to the EMS based on agent)??Agent?????????????????????,?????????????. ????????,???????????,???????????????????????????. ??, Agent???????????????,??????????????????????,????????,?????????????????,??????.3.1 Agent???????(Micro model build-ing)????Agent???????????????,??????(???PV??)?????(???)?????, ??????????Agent,?????Agent???Agent. ??????:??Agent(wind turbine agents, WTAs): ??Agent???,????????????.??Agent(photovoltaic array agents, PVAs): ??Agent???,???????????.??Agent(load agent, LA): ?????????. ???????????Agent(interruptibleload agent, ILA)???????Agent(uninterrupti-ble load agent, ULA)??.??Agent(battery agents, BAs): ???????????. ??????????Agent???. ????Agent??????????????,?????????????????????,??????????????????, ??Agent???????, ???????, ???????+?;????????????,???????,???????–?.??????????, ??????Agent,260 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 29?????:??Agent(power grid agent, PGA):??Agent?????, ????????????,????????????????,??,????, ?????????????: ?????????????,??Agent????????????;?????????????,??Agent?????????. ?????Agent????????????, ?????????????????,??,??????????,??????Agent??, ???Agent?????????????,???????–?,???????????????,???????+?.????1,??Agent???????????????????????2??. ??Agent?????????????????????????????.? 2 ????????????Fig. 2 The construction of the DG EMS model???????????,??????????Agent, ???:????????Agent??????????????????,?????????????????????;???????????????????????Agent?,??????????,?????????.??Muller?????????NTERRAP[15],??????????????, ??3???????, ???????????, ??, ????????, ????????, ??Agent??????3??.? 3 Agent????Fig. 3 The micro model of agent?????3?,????????????????,???????????,?????????????????. ??????Agent??????,?????????,?????????????,?????????,?????Agent????, ???????????. ??3????, ??????????, ????????, ?????????????????. ??????????????, Agent??????–??–??–??–??–??????????,?????–??????????,?????????????, ??????????????????????. ???, ?????????????,????Agent?????Agent????????.3.2 MAS???????(Macro model building)3.2.1 MAS?????(Framework of macro mo-del)MAS???????, ????Agent????????????????. ????????????????????????????,???????????. MAS???????,?????????????????????????.?????????MAS??,???????, Agent?????????????????????????, ?????MAS?????? 2? ???: ???????????????????? 261?, ?????????????. ??, ????????MAS, ??????, ??????,????MAS??.?? 1 ?????????????????MAS???, Agent?????????????, ???????????Agent????,MAS?????????, ????Agent???, ??????????Agent?????, ????????????, ?????????????.3.2.2 ???????MAS(Dynamic structure ofMAS)?????MAS????????4??.? 4 MAS???????Fig. 4 The macro system architecture of the MAS??4????:1) ????3?, ??????????????. ??, ???????????, ????????????,???????????.2) ????Agent?????????,?????????????,?????????.3) ??Agent(mobile agent, MA): MA?MAS?????, ?????MA?????????,???????????????????,???????, ??????, ???????Agent??. ?????Agent????????,?????,????Agent.4) ??Agent: ??MA???Agent??????Agent,???????. ?????Agent??????Agent???. ????Agent????????Agent?????.5) ??????Agent????????,??????, ????????, ??Agent?????????, ????Agent??????,???, ????,??4??????????.???????Agent?????????,????Agent. ????????WFA(??????Agent)?PVFA(PV?????Agent)?BFA(?????Agent). ????Agent, ULA???????ILA,??ULA????Agent????Agent.6) ??????Agent?????????,??????????.????,????FA???????, ??????, ????????????????. ????????, ??????Agent?WFA?PVFA?BFA???,???????,??3??????Agent,??MFA,MFA ???ULA???, ??????, ??????.??, MAS?????????,?????????????,?????Agent???????,????. ?MAS????. ???????????????,??Agent???????,?????Agent?????,???????????,???????,???MAS????????,?????????????,??????????????????.3.3 MAS???????(MAS coordinationmethod)??MAS?????, ?5???MAS???????????. ??5???, ????????????????:?1??: ??????????. ??,?????Agent???????????,??????; ??, ???????????, ??????Agent FA???????Agent????, ???????????, ???????????,??????;??,??????Agent FA??????,?????Agent MFA????????,???????????,?????????,??????;?2??: ????????????: ??,MFA????????????, ??????, ??????; ??, MFA??????????FA; ??, FA?????????????Agent??.? 5 MAS??????????Fig. 5 The process of optimization and cooperation for MAS262 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 29???MAS????????????, ????????????,????????????,??????Agent?????????????,?????????????,???Agent????????,?????,??????. ?????????????????????,?????????,????Agent?????.4 ????(Experiment and simulation)??????Petri?????????????. Petri??1962??C A Petri??, ????????????????????, ?????????????, ?????????????????????????.??Petri????Petri??????, ??????????????????, ?????Petri?????????????????[17].4.1 ????(CPN model building)??????????????,?????Petri???6??.? 6 ????Petri?????????????????Fig. 6 The dynamic simulation of the process in optimization and scheduling?6?????Token??????????:1) ??Token?????: WPQ = (W,WP,WQ), PV PQ = (PV, PV P, PV Q), BPQ = (B,BP,BQ),???WTA, PVA?BA??,??(AgentID,???, ????). S?????????????????????????.2) ??????: Wi(i = 1, 2, · · ·, n), PVi(i =1, 2, · · · , n), Bi(i = 1, 2, · · ·, n)???WTA, PVA?BA???????????(??AgentID, ???????????); LOA???Agent(????????????, ?????????);WA1, PA1, BA1??????Agent, ????Agent???Agent??????Agent(?????(0, 0, 0)); WMA, PMA, BMA????????? 2? ???: ???????????????????? 263????????????Agent(??Agent ID??????Agent????????, ??????); MA1?WMA?PMA????(??Agent ID,?????PV Agent????????, ??????); MA??????Agent????(??Agent ID, ????Agent????????, ??????); MAA??????(??Agent ID, ????????, ???????????????); WP(PW)??WTA??(PVA??)????, ???WTA??(PVA??)?????Agent????; WPS?????Agent???PV Agent??????????????????, ???????????; PB????Agent??????.3) ??????:CWi(i = 1, 2, · · · , n)?MA???Agent?????; CPi(i = 1, 2, · · · , n)?MA?PV Agent?????; CBi(i = 1, 2, · · · , n)?MA???Agent?????; CA1?MFA???Agent??,??????; CA2?MFA??????????WFA; CA3?MFA??????????PVFA.4.2 ???????(Simulation and analysis)??????, ???Agent???: ?????Agent???(1, 5, 3), (2, 3, 2), (3, 4,1); ????Agent???(4, 4, 2), (5, 4, 3), (6, 5, 3); ??Agent???(7, 3, 1), (8, 4, 2); ??Agent?(18, 6); ???????Agent?????(0, 0, 0).??: ? ??Agent??????, ????????????; ? ???????????1?, ??????????????, ???????;???Agent???????,??Agent????????ID???????, ???????????????????1???Agent??????.????CPN Tools(Version2.2.0)?????,?????Token??:WA1: (0, 0, 0)→(1, 5, 3)→(1, 8, 3)→(1, 8, 3);PA1: (0, 0, 0)→(4, 4, 2)→(5, 8, 3)→(5, 13, 3);BA1: (0, 0, 0)→(7, 0, 0)→(8, 4, 2).????: ????, MA????1?Agent??????Agent, ???????????8; ??5?Agent?????Agent, ???????????13; ??8?Agent??????Agent, ???????4.MA : (0, 0, 0)→(1, 8, 3)→(5, 21, 3)→(5, 25, 3),??????Agent?5?Agent, ????????25.??Agent????Agent??????:(18, 6)→ (14, 6)→ (9, 6)→ (5, 6)→(0, 6)→ (0, 3)→ (0, 0),???????????????????.??????S(1),?????????????,??????. ????CPN Tools(Version2.2.0)?????. ???????, ??????????????????????????????????,??????????.5 ??(Conclusions)?????????,???????????????????????????????????????????????, ????ABMS???????. ??????,?????????Agent???,???????????????????Agent, ?????3???Agent???????. ??????????????????????????, ??????????????3????????MAS????, ?????Agent???Agent?????????, ?????Petri????????????????????????, ???????????????. ???????????????????????????????????????????, ?????????????, ??????????????????????????.????(References):[1] ???.??????????????,?????????????????––????????????????????[R]. 2007, http://cpc.people.com.cn/GB/104019/6429414.html.[2] ???,???.???????????????[J].???????, 2008, 32(20): 1 – 4.(WANG Chengshan, WANG Shouxiang. Study on some key prob-lems related to distributed generation systems[J]. Automation of Elec-tric Power Systems, 2008, 32(20): 1 – 4.)[3] JUKKA V P, PETER D L. Effects of large-scale photovoltaic powerintegration on electricity distribution networks[J]. Renewable Energy,2007, 32(2): 216 – 234.[4] CLEVELAND F M. IEC 61850-7-420 communications standard fordistributed energy resources[C] //2008 IEEE Power and Energy Soci-ety General Meeting–Conversion and Delivery of Electrical Energyin the 21st Century. Piscataway: IEEE, 2008: 1 – 4.[5] KHATTAMW E, HEGAZYY G, SALAMA M M A. An integrateddistribution generation optimization model for distribution systemplanning[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2006, 20(2): 1158– 1165.264 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 29?[6] MOHAMED F A. Micro-grid modelling and online management[D].Finland: Helsinki University of Technology, 2008: 1 – 314.[7] DIMEAS A L, HATZIAGYRIOU N D. Operation of a multiagentsystem for microgrid control[J]. 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Coloured Petri Netsand CPN tools for modelling and validation of concurrent systems[J].International Journal Software Tools Technology Transfer, 2007,9(3/4): 213 – 254.????:? ? (1979—),?,????,???????????????????????????, Email: junzeng@scut.edu.cn;??? (1978—), ?,?????,???????????????????????, Email: jf.liu@polyu.edu.hk;??? (1986—), ?, ?????,????????????????????, Email: 122381009@qq.com;? ? (1937—),?,?????,????????????????????????????, E-mail: epjiewu@scut.edu.cn;??? (1954—), ?, ???, ???????????????????????????, Email: eehwngan@polyu.edu.hk.

可再生能源分布式发电能量管理的复杂性研究

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