Analysis of methods of worn car pneumatic tires recycling

Abstract

Наведено аналітичні дослідження прогресивних технологічних рішень утилізації відпрацьованих пневматичних автомобільних шин для визначення найефективнішого способу з точки зору енерговитрат, екологічності та отримання продуктів переробки.The level of utilization of pneumatic tires worldwide does not exceed 10% due to imperfection of these methods. Worn car tires are the source of valuable hydrocarbons, the scrap of alloyed steel and textile material as natural and synthetic fibers. Therefore the problem of disposal of worn tires and other rubber products is relevant to environmental and economic problems. With this in mind the researches and constructor development of advanced methods of automobile pneumatic tires processing are conducted worldwide. The ways of recycling waste rubber products associated with their fragmentation seem to be the most promising as chemical methods, such as pyrolysis and combustion lead to the destruction of polymer base of the material. Various methods of grinding can be divided into cryogenic grinding and grinding at positive temperatures depending on the conditions of the process. Recycling tires cryogenic technology has the highest performance is completely environmentally friendly. Car tires are frozen to state fragility and then crushed with subsequent separation of metal cord and textiles. As the refrigerant used cold air or liquid nitrogen. This technology allows to obtain rubber crumb with the settings and smooth surface particles, which significantly improves its physical and chemical properties and can be used to manufacture new rubber products including the number of 80%. Cryogenic grinding technology of tires is based on the simultaneous use of physical phenomena that contribute to efficient flow of the process – that is the weakening of ties between the metal and rubber cord due to differences in their coefficients of thermal expansion leading to cracking and partial separation of rubber from metal. The resulting low-grit after grinding has the smallest size and most highly developed surface that allows you to actively use it in the future. Other methods of recycling tires are a temporary solution to the problem of recycling tires