Doménech-García, Victor

Graven-Nielsen, Thomas

Herrero, P.

Palsson, Thorvaldur S.

V. Doménech-García

T.S. Palsson

P. Herrero

T. Graven-Nielsen

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Pain

Pressure-induced referred pain is expanded by persistent soreness

Several chronic pain conditions are accompanied with enlarged referred pain areas. This study investigated a novel method for assessing referred pain. In 20 healthy subjects pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) were recorded and pressure stimuli (120%PPT) were applied bilaterally for 5-s and 60-s at the infraspinatus muscle to induce local and referred pain. Moreover, PPTs were measured bilaterally at the shoulder, neck and leg before, during and after hypertonic saline-induced referred pain in the dominant infraspinatus muscle. The pressure and saline-induced pain areas were assessed on drawings. Subsequently, delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) was induced using eccentric exercise of the dominant infraspinatus muscle. The Day-1 assessments were repeated the following day (Day-2). Suprathreshold pressure stimulations and saline injections into the infraspinatus muscle caused referred pain to the frontal aspect of the shoulder/arm in all subjects. The 60-s pressure stimulation caused larger referred pain areas compared with the 5-s stimulation (P&lt;0.01). Compared with pressure stimulation, the saline-induced referred pain area was larger (P&lt;0.02). After saline-induced pain, the PPTs at the infraspinatus and supraspinatus muscles were reduced (P&lt;0.05) and the 5-s pressure-induced referred pain area was larger than baseline. PPTs at the infraspinatus and supraspinatus muscles were reduced at Day-2 in the DOMS side (P&lt;0.05). Compared with Day-1, larger pressure and saline-induced referred pain areas were observed on Day-2 (P&lt;0.05). Referred pain to the shoulder/arm was consistently induced and enlarged after one day of muscle soreness indicating that the referred pain area may be a sensitive biomarker for sensitization of the pain system.</p

http://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/237331113/pressure_induced_referred_pain_is_expanded_by_persistent_soreness.pdf

Pressure-induced referred pain is expanded by persistent soreness

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