Jensen, Rasmus Lund

Maagaard, Steffen

Østergård, Torben

In Danish building code and many design briefings, criteria regarding thermal comfort are defined for “critical” rooms in residential buildings. Identifying the critical room is both difficult and time-consuming for large, multistory buildings. To reduce costs and time, such requirement often causes other less critical rooms to be designed with the same constraints as the critical one. In this paper, we propose a method to overcome the difficulty of identifying critical rooms and exploit the design potential of other rooms. First we have defined a set of typical room variations present in most residential buildings. For each room variation, we perform 100.000 simulations while varying important design inputs such as window-floor-ratio, ventilation rates, glazing properties, and shading properties. Prior to this, the Morris method was used to identify and fixate insignificant inputs. A simulation engine based on the hourly version of ISO 13790 is used to calculate the number of hours with unacceptable operative temperature. As a result, the design team can assess a large number of room variations and input configurations by filtering millions of pre-calculated simulations accessible through a web service. An interactive parallel coordinate plot helps the design team to filter the many simulations. Such analysis reveals favorable input spans and assists the design team to quickly assess various design choice

Thermal comfort in residential buildings by the millions:Early design support from stochastic simulations

    Aalborg UniversitetThermal comfort in residential buildings by the millionsØstergård, Torben; Maagaard, Steffen; Jensen, Rasmus LundPublication date:2016Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordLink to publication from Aalborg UniversityCitation for published version (APA):Østergård, T., Maagaard, S., & Jensen, R. L. (2016). Thermal comfort in residential buildings by the millions:Early design support from stochastic simulations. Poster session presented at CLIMA 2016 - 12th REHVA WorldCongress, 22-25 May 2016, Aalborg, Denmark, Aalborg, Denmark.General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright ownersand it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.            ? Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.            ? You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain            ? You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ?Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us at vbn@aub.aau.dk providing details, and we will remove access tothe work immediately and investigate your claim.Downloaded from vbn.aau.dk on: April 30, 2017New requirements for thermal comfort in residential buildings in Denmark:Indoor temperature in ”critical room”:• Max. 100 hours > 26 °C• Max.   25 hours > 27 °CChallenges:• 10–100 potential ”critical” rooms• Multiplied by 3–4 design proposals• Time-consuming• Conservative approach comes at the expense of daylight and outlook• Design feedback needed earlySimplified hourly method, with roughly 15 inputs, is mandatory to use in Denmark. Thermal Comfort in Residential Buildings by the Millions- Early Design Support from Stochastic SimulationsTorben Østergård#*, Steffen E. Maagaard*, Rasmus L. Jensen## Department of Civil Engineering, Aalborg University, Denmark* MOE, Consulting Engineers, Aarhus, DenmarkBackgroundIdeaIdea: extensive stochastic simulations to represent (almost) all design combinations for most common rooms.AuthorsTry it yourselfMorris sensitivity analysis used to remove insignificant inputs.Sensitivity AnalysisTable 1. Distributions for 15 inputs Figure 1. Plot of Morris sensitivity measuresRapid exploration of millions of simulations100.000 simulations have been performed for a each combination of common room types, orientation, and building heat capacity.Regulation input valuesDiscussionExplore millions of simulations on buildingdesign.moe.dkLogin: clima_2016   Password: clima_guestThe proposed method is not intended for final documentation but for rapid identification of limits and for testing of various design paths.The code compliance software only assess thermal comfort. It may be substituted with detailed building performance software to address energy, illuminance, draught, etc. This increases the level of detail and the number of inputs which requires more simulations. Again, sensitivity analysis can help reduce the number of inputs.AArhus: 24.000 m² residential buildingIllustration: BIG  ArchitectsFigure 2. The design team chooses a combination of room type, orientation, and heat capacity.Using an interactive parallel coordinate plot, the design team may rapidly test different designs and see how the design affects thermal comfort. Figure 3. Interactive parallel coordinate plot showing inputs and outputs for 100.000 simulationsFigure 4. “Forward” approach to seek limits and test different design in early design stagesFigure 5. “Backward” approach shows the results for a “bad” design and how to find solutions A table and corresponding interactive figure help translate regulation guidelines into input values. The dark blue area shows how much of the window that must be openable in order to use the desired venting rate.Figure 6.  Supporting input table and figureTorben           Steffen         Rasmus100+ potential critical rooms4+ design proposalsg-value allowed to vary

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Thermal comfort in residential buildings by the millions:Early design support from stochastic simulations

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