Chen, Guanyi

Rosendahl, Lasse

Toor, Saqib

Zhu, Zhe

    Aalborg UniversitetHydrothermal Liquefaction and Product Characterization of Barley Straw in Sub- andSuper Critical WaterZhu, Zhe; Rosendahl, Lasse Aistrup; Toor, Saqib Sohail; Chen, GuanyiPublication date:2013Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordLink to publication from Aalborg UniversityCitation for published version (APA):Zhu, Z., Rosendahl, L., Toor, S., & Chen, G. (2013). Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Product Characterization ofBarley Straw in Sub- and Super Critical Water. Poster session presented at The International Conference onThermochemical Biomass Conversion Science 2013, Chicago, United States.General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright ownersand it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.            ? Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.            ? You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain            ? You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ?Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us at vbn@aub.aau.dk providing details, and we will remove access tothe work immediately and investigate your claim.Downloaded from vbn.aau.dk on: April 24, 2017Zhe Zhu1,2 , Lasse Rosendahl2*, Saqib Sohail Toor2, Guanyi Chen11 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, China2 Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, DenmarkINTRODUCTIONMATERIALS AND METHODSHydrothermal Liquefaction and Product Characterization of Barley Straw in Sub- and Supercritical WaterFLEXIFUELSino-Danish CollaborationDanish Council for Strategic ResearchReaction conditions:1L batch reactorTemperature: 280-400 oCCatalyst: 10wt% K2CO3based on the strawRetention time: 15min* Corresponding author: lar@et.aau.dk， phone: +45 9940 9263OBJECTIVERESULTS AND DISCUSSIONCONCLUSIONSWith the rapid development of global economy and thecontinuous increase of the population, the demand andconsumption of energy has been increasing. Biofuels arerenewable liquid transportation fuels, which can beobtained by hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL).HTL is a wet thermal conversion process thatperformed under relatively mild reaction conditions(temperature less than 400 oC, pressure between 10 and25 MPa), often in the presence of catalysts and sometimeswith reducing gases such as CO and H2.Energy-consuming drying process is avoided in thisprocess. In addition, better quality bio-oil with lowoxygen content and consequently a higher heatingvalue can be produced under carefully control of operationconditions.•Investigate the effect of final reaction temperature onproduct distribution and yield.•Characterize HTL bio-oils and solid residues obtainedfrom different temperatures in order to have a betterunderstanding of the reaction process.•Evaluate the elemental content and distribution andenergy recovery in these products.Table 2.  Elemental analysis of bio-oilSTRAWBio-oilAqueous PhaseSolid ResiduesGasProduct Distribution and Biomass ConversionBio-oil yield increased slightly from 280 oC to 300 oCand peaked at 300 oC (35.24 wt%) and then declined asthe temperature increased further, while the yield of solidresidues showed the opposite trend.High conversion of straw between 87.13 and 91.97wt% could be reached under tested conditions.Elemental Analysis of  Bio-oilSampleT(oC)C(wt%)H(wt%)N(wt%)S(wt%)O(wt)H/C O/CHHV(MJ/kg)O-1 280 67.03 7.36 0.77 0.54 24.30 1.32 0.27 26.75O-2 300 67.89 7.62 0.75 0.56 23.18 1.35 0.26 27.29O-3 320 68.77 7.65 0.80 0.65 22.13 1.33 0.24 28.63O-4 340 70.84 7.52 0.71 0.54 20.39 1.27 0.21 30.47O-5 360 72.81 7.73 0.78 0.54 18.14 1.27 0.19 32.16O-6 380 75.23 7.46 0.78 0.49 16.05 1.19 0.16 34.58O-7 400 77.22 7.36 0.79 0.56 14.07 1.14 0.14 35.48Petroleum - 83-87 10-14 0.1-1.0 0.1-8 0.1-3 - - 42.7GC-MS Analysis of Bio-oil Obtained at 300 oCBenzaldehyde, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-Benzoic acid, 3-hydroxy-Bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-2-one, 7-benzylidene-Hexadecanoic acidCatecholPhenol, 2-methoxy-The carboxylic acids were the most abundant (30.82%),followed by phenolic compounds and its derivatives(19.18%), ketones (16.12%) and aldehydes (9.11%).The C content of bio-oil generally increased with theincrease in temperature, while a decrease in O contentwas observed.Van Krevelen Diagram of Barley Straw and Solids Data suggested that dehydration and decarboxylationoccurred in this process, and dehydration was thedominant reaction.SampleCarbon recovery(%)Hydrogen recovery(%)Energy densificationEnergy recovery(%)O-1 51.59 39.90 1.54 52.90O-2 53.57 42.35 1.57 55.33O-3 51.20 40.12 1.65 54.77O-4 45.90 34.33 1.75 50.74O-5 41.92 31.35 1.85 47.57O-6 37.48 26.18 1.99 44.27O-7 35.19 23.62 2.04 41.54S-1 9.50 5.80 0.99 7.93S-2 10.05 5.58 0.99 8.24S-3 10.88 5.61 0.98 8.74S-4 12.62 6.17 1.04 10.31S-5 15.58 6.91 1.20 13.43S-6 18.27 7.97 1.29 16.20S-7 18.95 8.30 1.32 17.00HTL of barley straw is an effective method to produce liquidfuels, which has the potential to be used as renewable fuels and asource of chemical materials.Both yield and characteristics of products (bio-oil and solidresidues) were strongly dependent on final reaction temperature.A maximum bio-oil yield of 35.25 wt% of dry feedstock with75.51 % of carbon plus hydrogen content, representing 55.33% of the energy recovery of the feedstock was obtained attemperature of 300 oC.Elemental Recovery and Energy RecoveryFUTURE WORKCarry out high resolution parametric study (heating rate, amountand type of catalyst, reaction time, DM content) to study effect on theproduct yield and properties.C(wt%)H(wt%)N(wt%)S(wt%)O(wt%)H/C O/CWaterContent(wt%)HHV(MJ/kg)44.66 6.34 0.46 0.57 47.97 1.70 0.81 6.21 17.38The Characteristic of Barley Straw

Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Product Characterization of Barley Straw in Sub- and Super Critical Water

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Hydrothermal Liquefaction and Product Characterization of Barley Straw in Sub- and Super Critical Water

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