The management of cognitive resources are central in the case of a decision-making process by pilots. We undertake a study involving Airbus 400M pilots and allowing to understand these mechanisms and to propose recommendations for the design of a tool to assist in the management of their cognitive resources. We find that in the most critical cases and under strong temporal pressure, the maintenance of control of the situation corresponds to a survival type behavior which alone can allow a return to the metarules (back to basics). Our display management proposal allows the pilot to maintain control of the situation regardless of his capabilities. It allows a phase of stabilization by a reduction of the stress, then a phase of soft recovery of the control and the management of the mission on larger spatiotemporal dimensions. Three modes of entry in the HMI are envisaged: spontaneous, proposed and on demand
