Stakeholder values and platform wars: smart meters in the Netherlands

Abstract

The interconnected nature of the different components of smart grids is a prime example of complexity in technological systems. Developing such systems is highly dependent on the wishes and needs of end-users and other stakeholders. We argue that stakeholder values should be taken into consideration during the design and standardisation of complex infrastructures, and illustrate this with a case of smart meters and home energy management systems. We base our argument on the literature in the technology management fields, particularly those strands related to standardisation. We conduct a case study of the acceptance of smart meters (standards) in the Netherlands, based on stakeholder interviews. We use q-methodology to analyse the most salient values in this case. The Dutch smart meter case arguably demonstrates that a lack of consideration for stakeholder values led to the postponed roll-out of smart meters in the Netherlands. By not addressing privacy issues, economic advantages, and the need for informed consent, the roll-out of smart meters was delayed for several years. This lead to a more gradual approach and increased stakeholder involvement. This case may serve as an example for other European countries who also face public concern regarding the impact of advanced metering infrastructures.Economics of Technology and InnovationValues Technology and InnovationEnergy & Industr