Introduction. Knowledge of century features of a structure of heart of newborns is necessary for diagnostics and treatment of defects of heart, in connection with the high level of birth rate of children with defects of heart. Congenital heart diseases meet frequency of 6-8 cases on each one thousand childbirth which represents 30% of all defects of development. They win first place on mortality of newborns and children of the first year of life

Moskalenko, E.A.

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 3  МІНІСТЕРСТВО ОСВІТИ ТА НАУКИ УКРАЇНИ СУМСЬКИЙ ДЕРЖАВНИЙ УНІВЕРСИТЕТ МЕДИЧНИЙ ІНСТИТУТ     АКТУАЛЬНІ ПИТАННЯ ТЕОРЕТИЧНОЇ ТА КЛІНІЧНОЇ МЕДИЦИНИ Topical Issues of Theoretical and Clinical Medicine      ЗБІРНИК ТЕЗ ДОПОВІДЕЙ V Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції студентів та молодих вчених (м. Суми, 20-21 квітня 2017 року)    Суми Сумський державний університет 2017   111  THE INFLUENCE OF XENOBIOTICS ON THE METABOLISM OF COPPER IN THE EXPERIMENT ON WARM-BLOODED ANIMALS Lyuft A.M. Scientific supervisor - Shiyan D.M. (associate professor, PhD) Kharkiv national medical University, The Department of human anatomy The relevance of the topic: a Study of the influence of surface-active substances, providing xenobiotic effects on the balance of trace elements the body warm-blooded animals, do many scientists. According to many authors, it is sufficient informative element to characterize the changes occurring in the body animals and humans under the influence of foreign substances, is the trace element copper. Biological properties of copper refer to a number of essential micronutrients the lack of which in the body leads to very considerable disturbances in metabolism The mutual influence of trace elements in the composition of biological objects especially in the condition of the action of the foreign substances that can lead to changes in the structural units of the body.  Research methods. The work studied the content of trace elements of copper in the heart, liver, kidney, adrenal, spleen, blood serum of adult rats (males) Wistar rats exposed to new groups of xenobiotics in the subacute experience.  The results obtained. The results of experiments showed that the xenobiotics, acting on the body, lead is mainly to the redistribution of the trace mineral copper in the organs and tissues of the experimental animals. Discovered a significant increase of metal ion under exposure dose 1/10 LD surfactants origin 15.9% in the adrenal glands and by 10.9% under the influence of anionic substances type in the same dose, which may be due to immobilization of the protective mechanisms of the body animals.  Conclusions. Dose of 1/1000 LD is not current. This confirms the existence of a complex of interrelated mechanisms reduction and redistribution of trace elements in organs and tissues under the influence of xenobiotics.   FEATURES OF THE STRUCTURE OF HEART Moskalenko E.A. Scientific supervisor - Shiyan D.M. (associate professor, PhD) Kharkiv national medical University, The Department of human anatomy Introduction. Knowledge of century features of a structure of heart of newborns is necessary for diagnostics and treatment of defects of heart, in connection with the high level of birth rate of children with defects of heart. Congenital heart diseases meet frequency of 6-8 cases on each one thousand childbirth which represents 30% of all defects of development. They win first place on mortality of newborns and children of the first year of life.  The purpose of this work is studying of features of a structure of heart at newborns.  Research materials: it was investigated the 8th hearts of newborns (4 hearts of the boy, 4 hearts of girls). Result of a research. We defined that the weight of heart of the newborn: boys on average have 23 g, girls have 21 g. Position of heart in a chest cavity in newborns is higher, than at adults: its diameter represents a half of the cross size of a thorax. Cross diameter equals longitudinal, or exceeds it (it is connected with insufficient development of ventricles and rather big sizes peredserd). Auricle ears rather big, cover the heart basis. Grudino-reberna a surface is formed by the right auricle, the right ventricle and rather most part of the left ventricle. The vilochkova of iron adjoins to a forward surface of the right auricle. Only ventricles face a thorax. The top of heart is rounded. The right ventricle which in the pre-natal period functionally prevails has big capacity, than left. Thickness of walls at both ventricles is identical and represents 5 mm After the birth the left ventricle begins to prevail functionally, and from the 5th day of life of the child the weight of walls of the left ventricle becomes more, than the weight of walls of the right ventricle. At the time of the birth, after cutting of an umbilical cord, a linking of a fruit with a body of mother it is broken, and after the first breath easy and their vessels finish that leads to the beginning of functioning of a small circle of blood circulation.   112 АКТУАЛЬНІ ПИТАННЯ ТЕОРЕТИЧНОЇ ТА КЛІНІЧНОЇ МЕДИЦИНИ Conclusion: newborns have a number of features of a structure of heart which differ from a structure of heart of a fruit and the adult.   EXPERIMENTAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL RESEARCH OF THE AFFERENT TERMINATIONS OF DIFFERENT CARDIAC NERVES Nelina E.V. Scientific supervisor - Shiyan D.M. (associate professor, PhD) Kharkiv national medical University, The Department of human anatomy Introduction. Over 80 years the anatomy by request of applied medicine studies a structure of the sensitive terminations of different nerves in heart of mammals. The most in details studied terminations of the wandering nerves. Work purpose. To investigate the afferent terminations of different cardiac nerves.  Materials and methods of a research. A degeneration of centripetal pulpy nervous fibers, their ends then of recuttings of these nerves at different mammals auricle, in layers observed in an auricle, a myocardium. Are described in auricle the encapsulated Krause's flasks and receptors. In muscular tissue of a myocardium observed a degeneration of receptors like a neuromuscular spindle, and also free and involuntary a receptor. Results. Results of experiences show that the structure of the sensitive nervous terminations of spinal nerves in auricle does not differ from a structure of the sensitive terminations of the wandering nerves. Conclusions. The received data that the sensitive innervation of all fabrics auricle is carried out by fibers as the wandering spinal nerves force to ask in a new way a question of ways of removal of cardiac pains at stenocardia by means of local blockade of cardiac nerves.   MORPHOLOGY OF NERVE FIBERS Nuzhna A.A. Scientific supervisor - Shiyan D.M. (associate professor, PhD) Kharkiv national medical University, The Department of human anatomy Introduction. It is known that development of tooth begins approximately on the 6th week of pre-natal life. At this stage the epithelium of an oral cavity consists of two glowed, presented by different cages. After the 6th week reproduction of some cages of a basal layer is resulted by an epithelium thickening which received the name "tooth plate" and is a prototype of enamel body. On the 8th week of the period it is possible to observe the beginning of formation of a tooth nipple which represents a congestion of connecting fabric and in the future will turn into a tooth pulp.     Work purpose. The purpose of our work is studying of century change of nerves of a pulp of second teeth. Materials and methods of a research. As material for morphological researches served the pulp of the people of different age remote without caries the 39th teeth. Results. Nervous structures of a pulp of tooth found behind lshovskogo-Groce's method. Decalcifying of teeth for this special research was carried out by Ebner's liquid. As a result of researches we managed to establish certain regularities of normal nice and sensitive nervous structures of a pulp of teeth. In a pulp of teeth of people of young age from completely fangs - dense and complex nervous network: pinches of the nervous fibers located near blood vessels braid them in the form of spirals. Conclusions. Thus, in process of completion of formation of a top opening, the nervous system of a pulp becomes complicated due to increase in amount of nervous fibers - formations of polyvalent receptors. With age the expressed structural changes, deformation develop.   

Features of the structure of heart

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