Influence of bamboo vinegar powder (BVP) enriched diet on antioxidant status, immunity level, and pro-anti-inflammatory cytokines modulation in Asian sea bass, Lates calcarifer (Bloch 1790) against Vibrio anguillarum

Abstract

Effect of bamboo vinegar powder (BVP) on growth, immunity, disease resistance, and immune-related gene expressions in juvenile Asian sea bass (barramundi), Lates calcarifer against Vibrio anguillarum was investigated. V. anguillarum infected fish fed by 2g BVP kg−1 diet exhibited significant growth, albumin (AB), serum total protein (TP), and globulin (GB) levels. Similarly, enhanced lysozyme (LZM), phagocytic (PC), anti-protease (AP), respiratory burst (RB), bactericidal (BC) activities and total immunoglobulin (Ig) levels were observed in fish fed 2g BVP kg−1. In addition, use of 2g BVP kg−1 in diet modulated several immune related gene expressions against Vibrio disease. This study exhibited a positive effect of dietary 2g BVP kg−1 diet on hemato-biochemical and immunological responses, which enhance the immunocompetence and health status of L. calcarifer against V. anguillarum infection