ANALISIS STRUKTUR, PERILAKU DAN KINERJA
INDUSTRI PERBANKAN DI INDONESIA
TAHUN 2003-2008
(Structure-Conduct-Performance Approach
Vs Relative Efficiency Approach)
The industry of banking has a very vital role and strategic in Indonesia's economic
matters. National banking industry has experienced the dynamics since the enactment of
deregulation in the monetary sector. The government through by Bank Indonesia (BI) as the
monetary authority has presented the various wisdom that directly influenced the structure,
the behavior and work force of the national banking industry. Various government’s wisdom
as a response to the dynamics of national economy include monetary crisis in 1997-1998
which has broken the stability of national economy and the banking industry in Indonesia.
This study intend to find out the structure of Indonesia's banking industry during the
2003-2008, make analyze the influence of the structure and behavior / strategy of the
company (bank) on firm’s work force. The data that used in this study are panel data from
2003-2008 with a sample of this study is 82 commercial banks. The model of analysis that
used in this research is method of Fixed Effects Model (FEM). This study also aimed to
compare between the two approaches / mazhab (hypotheses) that can describe the true
condition of the banking industry in Indonesia. The first approach is the Structure-Conduct-
Performance (SCP) approach, while the second approach is the Relative Efficiency (RE)
approach.
The results showed that both of Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) approaches
and Relative Efficiency (RE) approaches can describe the condition of banks in Indonesia,
this point shows that the work force of the company (profit) is influenced by the structure of
the industry through a proxy the ratio of assets (RA) and also influenced by the efficiency of
the company through a proxy of market share (MS). Besides that, the point also obtained the
result, that the Net Interest Margin (NIM) variable has positive impact and significant to
profit. While the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) variable, the Loans to Deposit Ratio (LDR)
variable, the non-performing loans (NPLs) variable and the Owner variable was not
significantly impact to profit