Starzl, TE

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Carl Gustav Groth: Medawar Recipient

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Thomas E. Starzl The "wc'dish surge()n Carl GUSt,l\ Groth has heen a maior llgur,' In transplantatIon for more than -10 n:Jrs, HIs tu!l tll1lL l'l1gagenwnl in transplantation (Table 11 began <It the l'fll\ersit\ of ( ()I(lj,ldo, first a,.l Fulbright "cbolar <1nd then ,h JIl ,bS()C1atl' pr(lkssor. III Denver. ht' \\,lS an Illdispensable team member in the tlrst successful human liver transplanta~ lions in 1 %-:-, This was a signature achievemellt, However, it ,\as (lIlh tht' tir' ()j(,roth's Colorado iceberg, His Supp\\rting srudie:. in dogs fl':.ulted in Improved liver preservati()n dlld .'otandardil.atioll of antilvmphoid globulin (AU; i, dem-onstrated the dramatic decline of hepatic blood !le\\'; callsed by liver rejection and established that transplantation Clf\VTll-phold ti.,suc, corrected c,mine hemophilia, His clll1icd [(:port::. Included the tlrst descriptions of thc \'aluc pf Icintug~ raph\' in Il\cr transplantation, the tlrst correction bv liver replacement of an inborn error i \\'ilson's disease), the first successful human parathvroid alloengrattlllcl1t. and tht' tDffi~ cacy EFf"triple~drugD immunosuppression \,ith azathioprine, prednisonc, and ALC. Similar high level illllovations continucd after Groth's permanent return to Stockholm in 1972 (Table 2). All were thematic. Tht' t(lfel1l0st continuous thcllle was organ trans-plantatJOn, with particular t(KUS on the p,ll1CfeaS, lh!, in· c:luded his initiallv contf()\'C[siai athocacy of todav's accepted enteric dr,linage of pancreatic exocrine secretions. His book PmleTe'll.( TnI1L'pi<lntlltl(Jn, publtshed in 1988, was the first of Ih kind and pr(-'\'Ided c[uc],d incentive, for continuatl()n of such etforh. HIS demonstration that pancre,,, transplanta-tion cll11l'i\(\rated diahetH. complications was years ,lhead of its time ~ ,,'c()lld the!llc was imprmemel1l (\f immul1EFsup~Dres~ 51<\11, He \\'a, dlld lll\'estigatm fc)r ll1ultlllatlol1al clini("d ,lud-IC, 01 cyy:il~mEliDfl1"K t<lc[olilllUS, I11v(ophenoiatc moft'til, dnd sirolimu" incluJlllg the tlrst usc of ,irolimus ,l, the baselint' agenti, ,\ third thenw was (ell transplantation. After showing the \Iabi lit\' (If c'(1 EypiIall~D tra nsplanted ra t hepaton lc, in 1'-)7 --ll, hl' LOITn:lt'd rat gluclIronvl transferase defioenu WIth liver lel!.S 'in 1'-)-:-- ,llld ultlmatelv delineated human inher· ited disurder, that wert' correctable by bone marrow cells, begll1l1lng \\ith C;<luchn:-. disease, K~ related fOLlrth theme was transplantation \\t panered, ISlet' xenograft" which clllmi-n,ltL'd III an hl,;t()lkdl pig tn human trial ut In patient' \\'ith Islet sU[\'I\ai and ( ·~Feptide Se(fctlOJ1 .> 1 vear, lDhEln1E1~ 1 "'tar!.! Tr,ln"'piJI1Lltlon fn..;titutL'.l ni\'ersitynfPlft·,J'urgh \1cdil..."cli I. .t.'lIk'J Plthhuq.:.h. f) \ ;\ddn'..,,, yKyDrl·tKDDDDryElfhKkD!h:~· [;): 1 hnl1ld' L. "'tclUi- \LD .. Ph.i!., ~ P\H, \lunk linn: -th !-i\\i1!" ..... pij!h, :"··L:;Y hfrh ·\\t.:!1l!l', Pittshurgh. P-\ :;:1 ~ Rt'l.."l'l\-c .. ! 1 "Cpit":'.f-1t': "~qElhK hcyD;~" >/" rlDqllt~stcd _ Ey-"tob~KDr ~qEgt"I \((l.'ptt'd 'f i \_t,'ibl'T _:\lljf .. y~o~Dyn~hl ~!Fnh 1'\ ;.lPt .... lJh.()tt \Ydlhlrri .... ~ \\"ilkin:-. ~ppI 00 ... 1 : ,_,- Uhi?,.2!': ;-:' 1572 TABLE 1, Phase 1: University of Colorado Fullbright Scholar i 1 %(",-6R \ \:-.:-.()(late Protcs:-.ur of ~urgcn 19--:' ]--.:--.2 ,. hr:.;! Stl(c('"stulllvc[ trdn"plalltd!!(\f]> , 1 ,),,7 , EXpennlCl1tai struts of liver replacemcnt ! in dog, ~I I mpro\'ed livcr ~DrcDlDryDatiEFn H, Effc(t (If n.:-it,ctiol1 on blood 1[0\" :;ta ndardl/cl\IOI1 ot tins· ,! 11 ,\ h u III ,I 11- 'Pl'cl tic ALl, D, (-llrrc((iol1 of h,lCJl)ophijia \\(Iil h'mph(lld al\(\gratb, E. Udi ned coaguiau(011 f'rnbkm' ,>II i\ ('!' tralhplantation i First of their kmd clinical ,Wcill" B, Correction of hepatic inborn nrms '\\'iison, diseasl' I C Triple drug immunosuppression i kidnc'y -~ Iivcr I 1). hrst documented succc"ful parat hn' lie! ,lliografl TABLE Z. Phase II: Karolinska InstItute mrurl>~~or I, 19~O -2( 1t.10 Chit'! ()f '-.,(T\,iLl· '-} ,'-:. ~ F()undmg Chair Ikpartl1lcnt orl rCllbpl;mtdti()I' ! 'IX," 2000; Emeritu, Professor i 20()()- :W06 i I, P,lllcreas transpl,mutiun .\. 1 st scritK·~ (if ~ihCtKD~sfuj ~c~n1tKDnl<11 r),Hh. :-tD~iD-I ~r;j{tI~ B. Continuous atl\-()(J(\' of enkrlc cxnUlflC ,lr,llnai'c C ; ,1 Ic'xthook of f'dncrt'Js tran'l,j,ll1tatHl]1 , I 'Ix/{ t), 1 ~1 Jl':-'L"npliun uf ~1f111KDlgurIiteFn ot J;,lh ..-D~k ;..'oJnpli(.lllun ... E_KhK!eflnvc~tlg~ltEFr t(Jr n1ultl11cltJ(H)al (jiIlh.,[i 'ltuJi1..'::-': \, (\ciosponm' 1:1. fJlWiimus L Mvcophcnoiale !l1otcn! U Sirolil11llS IIlduding Ilr,t USl' ,I.' b,b,'] ,'', ,lgcnl; 3. (:<."11 transplantation '\, Fcaslbilit\ 5hO\\'11 or Cdc)!,l( I dt iWpa1<)(\"lc ,:ngriltill1cnt B Correction "at glucuwl1\'; '1',lI\,tcril'c ,;dICienC\' \\,lth\ Curn.'(UO!l o( other inhcl'lh:d di,l,,(l-rdc!''' \\'ith hni1c 1l1drr()\\ , __ ells i c. t.' Eg~lleg1l:Df"" di.:-I..'.l.'l\" 4, Pig K~ human triubf,iantation nr i'iln,"l'ilS I,kt, with islel sUf\'iql Jnd C~peptzdc s('cn:tioll i \'car The qUdlltlt\, and quallt\ ofthesl' «)ntributions suggest " ,uperhUll1all effort. It ~hEFuld he ad(kd tlut (;roth also had \'erv rea! human qualitlcs, best e\ernplifled b\ d few revealing phutographs (Figs, 1-."" Mav I presellt Prok"or Carl Custa\ ( ; r(\th, TransplantatJOn • Volume 82, Number 12. December 27,2006 nGURE 1. The medJcal s tudent and h is b eautiful wife, BlIgit. nGURE 2. The ambitious surgeon (le ft); the professor recelV1ng lus nallon s highest award from the king (right) . '1.1:.. "itarzl 1573 nGURE 3. Conunander o f every ship he saile d (here , the person In the red jacke t). 

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Carl Gustav Groth: Medawar Recipient

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