170 Pages; Part One: The historical backgroundLord Novgorod the Great: Essays in the History and Culture of a Medieval City-State is one of several major works Henrik Birnbaum produced as part of his extensive research in this area, including a second book with Slavica in 1996 (Novgorod in Focus, still in print as of this writing). Two other books appeared with other publishers, so this topic manifestly constituted one of the major touchstones of his long and eminent research career."Published under the auspices of the Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures, University of California, Los Angeles

Birnbaum, Henrik

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Slavica 50th Anniversary Reissue
Lord 
Novgorod 
the 
Great
Essays in the History and Culture of 
a Medieval City-State
by Henrik Birnbaum
From the Publisher
This book represents the sixth in a series of reprints of notable titles 
published by Slavica and long out of print. We are restoring these titles 
to print and making them available as free downloads from our web 
site, slavica.indiana.edu,  in honor of Slavica’s fiftieth anniversary. Yes, 
we are officially middle-aged. Founded by four graduate students at 
Harvard in 1966, Slavica published its first book in 1968, Studies Pre-
sented to Professor Roman Jakobson by His Students. To celebrate Slavica’s 
jubilee, we are releasing in .pdf format, no strings attached, scans of 
twelve older titles that have been requested over the years. Enjoy these 
books, tell your friends, and feel free to share them with colleagues 
and students.
Lord Novgorod the Great: Essays in the History and Culture of a Medieval 
City-State is one of several major works Henrik Birnbaum produced 
as part of his extensive research in this area, including a second book 
with Slavica in 1996 (Novgorod in Focus, still in print as of this writing). 
Two other books appeared with other publishers, so this topic mani-
festly constituted one of the major touchstones of his long and eminent 
research career.
Slavica would like to express its sincere thanks to Marianna Birnbaum 
for graciously granting permission for this reprint. We welcome com-
ments on this and other forthcoming titles to be released in this series.
     George Fowler
     Director, Slavica Publishers
     Bloomington, Indiana
     13 June 2016
LORD NOVGOROD 
THE GREAT 
UCLA SLAVIC STUDIES 
Volume2 
Published under the auspices of 
the Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures, 
University of California, Los Angeles 
L01W1l0~D 
Essays in the History and Culture 
of a Medieval City-State 
Part One: 
THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 
By 
Henrik Birnbaum 
1981 
Slavica Publishers, Inc. 
For a complete catalog of Slavica publications, with prices and 
ordering information, write to: 
ISBN: 0-89357-088-5. 
Slavica Publishers, Inc. 
P.O. Box 14388 
Columbus, Ohio 43214 
Copyright © 1981 by Henrik Birnbaum; all rights reserved. 
Text set by Randy Bowlus. 
Printed in the United States of America. 
InMemoryof 
Alexander V. Issatschenko 

Au xve, meme au commencement du XVIe siecle, il y avait 
encore dans la marche des evenements en Russie une fluctuation telle 
qu'il n'etait point decide lequel des deux principes formant la vie 
populaire et politique aurait le dessus: le prince ou la commune, 
Moscou ou Novgorod. Novgorod, libre du joug mongol, grande et 
forte, mettant toujours les· droits des communes au-dessus des droits 
des princes, cite habituee a se croire sourveraine, metropole ayant de 
vastes ramifications coloniales en Russie, Novgorod etait riche par le 
commerce actif qu'elle entretenait avec les villes anseatiques. Mos-
cou, fidele fief de ses princes, s'elevant sur les mines des anciennes 
villes par la grace des Mongols, ayant une nationalite exclusive, 
n'ayant jamais connu la veritable liberte communale de la periode de 
Kiev, Moscou l'emporta; mais Novgorod aussi a eu des chances pour 
elle, ce qui explique la lutte acharnee entre ces deux villes ... La 
Russie pouvait etre sauvee par le developpement des institutions 
communales ou par l'absolutisme d'un seul. Les evenements pronon-
cerent en faveur de l'absolutisme, la Russie fut sauvee; elle est deve-
nue forte, grande; mais a quel prix? C'est le pays le plus malheureux 
du globe, le plus asservi; Moscou a Sauve la Russie, en etouffant tout 
ce qu'il y avait de libre dans la vie russe. 
A. Herzen (A. I. Gertsen), Sobraniye sochineniy v tridtsati 
tomakh, T. 7-oy, Moscow, 1956, pp. 31-2. 
C caMoro Haqana rromrrnqecKaH opramrnuorn HoBropoga H HOBropoACKHX 
3eMeJib cymecrneHHO ornwqanach or ocranbHhIX ygeJihHhIX reppmopwll: cBoell: 
CBoeo5pa3HO geMOKparwqecKOll, rroqrw pecrry5JIHKaHCKOll cliopMOll rrpaBJieHHH. 
OrpaHwqeHHOCTh BJiacTH KHH3H H HaMeCTHHKa, pyKoBOAHIUaH ponh rrapnaMeHTa 
(,,Beqe"), )KHBOR roproBhill H KYJibtypHbIR o5MeH c MopeIIJiaBareJibCKHMH 
crpaHaMH IlpH5aJITHKH, rroqTH IIOJIHOe orcyrcrnwe IIOJIHTHqecKOll yrpo3bl co 
cropOHbl KoqeBHHqecKOll crerrH, Heo5XOAHMOCTb reXHwqecKH paBHHTbCH Ha 
reXHHKY Boopy)KeHwll: 11 BOeHttyIO taKTHKY BolicK TeBroHcKoro OpgeHa-Bce 
no ocraBHJIO rny5oKHli meg Ha rocygapcrneHHOM ycrpoll:crne, rronHTwqecKoM 
MbIIIIJieHHH H 3KOH0MffqeCKOM CKJiage ropoga-rocygapcrna H peIIIaIOIUHM o5pa-
30M 3arpoHyno 5bIT ero )KHTenell:. 
A. V. Isachenko, Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch 18 (1973), p. 50. 

































































































































































Lord Novgorod the Great: Essays in the history and culture of a medieval city-state

New York University Faculty Digital Archive

Slavica 50th Anniversary ReissueLord Novgorod the GreatEssays in the History and Culture of a Medieval City-Stateby Henrik BirnbaumFrom the PublisherThis book represents the sixth in a series of reprints of notable titles published by Slavica and long out of print. We are restoring these titles to print and making them available as free downloads from our web site, slavica.indiana.edu,  in honor of Slavica’s fiftieth anniversary. Yes, we are officially middle-aged. Founded by four graduate students at Harvard in 1966, Slavica published its first book in 1968, Studies Pre-sented to Professor Roman Jakobson by His Students. To celebrate Slavica’s jubilee, we are releasing in .pdf format, no strings attached, scans of twelve older titles that have been requested over the years. Enjoy these books, tell your friends, and feel free to share them with colleagues and students.Lord Novgorod the Great: Essays in the History and Culture of a Medieval City-State is one of several major works Henrik Birnbaum produced as part of his extensive research in this area, including a second book with Slavica in 1996 (Novgorod in Focus, still in print as of this writing). Two other books appeared with other publishers, so this topic mani-festly constituted one of the major touchstones of his long and eminent research career.Slavica would like to express its sincere thanks to Marianna Birnbaum for graciously granting permission for this reprint. We welcome com-ments on this and other forthcoming titles to be released in this series.     George Fowler     Director, Slavica Publishers     Bloomington, Indiana     13 June 2016LORD NOVGOROD THE GREAT UCLA SLAVIC STUDIES Volume2 Published under the auspices of the Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures, University of California, Los Angeles L01W1l0~D Essays in the History and Culture of a Medieval City-State Part One: THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND By Henrik Birnbaum 1981 Slavica Publishers, Inc. For a complete catalog of Slavica publications, with prices and ordering information, write to: ISBN: 0-89357-088-5. Slavica Publishers, Inc. P.O. Box 14388 Columbus, Ohio 43214 Copyright © 1981 by Henrik Birnbaum; all rights reserved. Text set by Randy Bowlus. Printed in the United States of America. InMemoryof Alexander V. Issatschenko Au xve, meme au commencement du XVIe siecle, il y avait encore dans la marche des evenements en Russie une fluctuation telle qu'il n'etait point decide lequel des deux principes formant la vie populaire et politique aurait le dessus: le prince ou la commune, Moscou ou Novgorod. Novgorod, libre du joug mongol, grande et forte, mettant toujours les· droits des communes au-dessus des droits des princes, cite habituee a se croire sourveraine, metropole ayant de vastes ramifications coloniales en Russie, Novgorod etait riche par le commerce actif qu'elle entretenait avec les villes anseatiques. Mos-cou, fidele fief de ses princes, s'elevant sur les mines des anciennes villes par la grace des Mongols, ayant une nationalite exclusive, n'ayant jamais connu la veritable liberte communale de la periode de Kiev, Moscou l'emporta; mais Novgorod aussi a eu des chances pour elle, ce qui explique la lutte acharnee entre ces deux villes ... La Russie pouvait etre sauvee par le developpement des institutions communales ou par l'absolutisme d'un seul. Les evenements pronon-cerent en faveur de l'absolutisme, la Russie fut sauvee; elle est deve-nue forte, grande; mais a quel prix? C'est le pays le plus malheureux du globe, le plus asservi; Moscou a Sauve la Russie, en etouffant tout ce qu'il y avait de libre dans la vie russe. A. Herzen (A. I. Gertsen), Sobraniye sochineniy v tridtsati tomakh, T. 7-oy, Moscow, 1956, pp. 31-2. C caMoro Haqana rromrrnqecKaH opramrnuorn HoBropoga H HOBropoACKHX 3eMeJib cymecrneHHO ornwqanach or ocranbHhIX ygeJihHhIX reppmopwll: cBoell: CBoeo5pa3HO geMOKparwqecKOll, rroqrw pecrry5JIHKaHCKOll cliopMOll rrpaBJieHHH. OrpaHwqeHHOCTh BJiacTH KHH3H H HaMeCTHHKa, pyKoBOAHIUaH ponh rrapnaMeHTa (,,Beqe"), )KHBOR roproBhill H KYJibtypHbIR o5MeH c MopeIIJiaBareJibCKHMH crpaHaMH IlpH5aJITHKH, rroqTH IIOJIHOe orcyrcrnwe IIOJIHTHqecKOll yrpo3bl co cropOHbl KoqeBHHqecKOll crerrH, Heo5XOAHMOCTb reXHwqecKH paBHHTbCH Ha reXHHKY Boopy)KeHwll: 11 BOeHttyIO taKTHKY BolicK TeBroHcKoro OpgeHa-Bce no ocraBHJIO rny5oKHli meg Ha rocygapcrneHHOM ycrpoll:crne, rronHTwqecKoM MbIIIIJieHHH H 3KOH0MffqeCKOM CKJiage ropoga-rocygapcrna H peIIIaIOIUHM o5pa-30M 3arpoHyno 5bIT ero )KHTenell:. A. V. Isachenko, Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch 18 (1973), p. 50. 

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Lord Novgorod the Great: Essays in the history and culture of a medieval city-state

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