Fil: Pereira, Luis Alberto. División Zoología Invertebrados. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Minelli, Alessandro. Dipartimento di Biologia. Università di Padova; ItaliaFil: Foddai, Donatella. Dipartimento di Biologia. Università di Padova; Itali

Foddai, Donatella

Minelli, Alessandro

Pereira, Luis Alberto

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On the true identity of Geophilus tropicus Brölemann, 1898, a geophilid species from Venezuela  (Chilopoda Geophilomorpha Geophilidae)

Naturalis

Boll. Soc. entom. ita/., 129 (I): 5-14 Luis Alberto PEREIRA*, Alessandro MINELLI** & Donatella FODDAI** 20 luglio 1997 On the true identity of Geophilus tropic us Brolemann, 1898, a geophilid spedes from Venezuela (Chilopoda Geophilomorpha Geophilidae) Abstract - Rihautia ( Ri/Jwaia) tropica (Brolemann. I R9R) comb. nov .. transferred here from GeotJhilus. is redcscribed after type series. A lectotype i> aho 'elected. Riassunto- Sui/a vera idellli{(/ di Geophilus tropic us Rriilcnwnn, /898, 1111 geoji!mnmf(, del Vcne;ue/u (Chilopoda Geophi!olllorp/za Geophi!idae). Viene qui ticlescritta. in seguiro allo 'rudio della scric tipica, Rihautia ( Rihauria) I!"Of!icu ( Briilemann. 1898) comb. nov.. originariamente clescritta nel gencrc Geophilus e per essa vienc dcsignato un Jeclotipo. Ke)' words: Ribautia rmpica, new combination. Vencl.ucla. In 1898 H. W. Brolemann described a new geophilid species from Venezuela under the name Geophilus !ropicus. To the best of our knowledge, no author has ever commen­ted about the generic assignment of this species. It was also retained within Geophilus by C. Attems in his 1929 monograph of the order Geophilomorpha. But the genus Geophilus is nearly exclusive Holar·ctic, most of the species being Palaearctic, so we suspected that this generic assignment could be wrong. In addition, the very poor original description included the statement,that the specimens studied where pro­bably juveniles. These facts encouraged us to revise the type material. A careful revision of all generic characters reveals that the specimens must be referred to the genus Rihautia Bri:ilemann, 1909. NOTE TO "i'EXT AND Fl<iURES. We use the following abbreviations: a.a .. antenna] article: d .. dorsal: l., left: r., right; v., ventral. Family Geophilidae Genus Ribautia Brolemann, 1909 DlAGNOSJS. Coxosternites of the second maxillae united by a small bridge only. antero­internal corners of coxosternum with a more or less developed process. Forcipulae: pleu-'� Facu1tad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Univcrsidacl Nacional de La Plata (Argentina). ,."'' Dipartimcnto di Biologia, Universita degli Studi di Paclova (Italy). 6 PEREIRA, MINELLI & FODDAI rocoxosternal sutures extend obliquely to the outer margin; chitinlines present. Coxopleura of the last leg-bearing segment with numerous coxal organs, opening either individually or in 1-3 clusters on each coxopleuron. Pretarsus of last legs claw-like or tubercle-like. Two subgenera can be recognised, Ribautia Brolemann, 1909, and Schizoribautia Brolemann, 1912, the first including the species with coxal organs opening independently on the coxopleura, the second those with coxal organs grouped in I to 3 clusters. Ribautia (Rihautia) tropica (BrOlemann, 1898) nov. comb. (figs. 1-29) Geophilus tropicus Brolemann, 1898 -Ann. Soc. Ent. France 67: 254. Geophilus tropicus; Attems, 1903- Zool. Jahrb . ,  Syst., 18: 237. Geophilus tropicus; Ribaut, 1912- Mem. Soc. neuchatel. Sci. nat. , 5: 83. Geophilus tropicus; Attems, 1929- Das Tierreich 52: 177. DIAGNOSIS. A Ribautia ( Ribautia) species with ·pretarsus of last pair of legs unguiform. Characters in the table differentiate it from all the other Neotropical species of the subge­nus. TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED. Lectotype S?, 47 pairs of legs, body length 14 mm, from Venezuela: Caracas, 1888, E. Simon legit, (in alcohol) (MNHN Coil. Myriapodes I 07); another S? from the original type series (specimen B), also with 47 pairs of legs, body length 13 mm, with same collection data. REMARKS. Because BrOlemann did not select a type, we designate here as lectotype the spe­cimen more closely agreeing with the original description. The other specimen is, howe­ver, better preserved than the lectotype, therefore we have used it for the following rede­scription. REDESCRIPTION. S? (specimen B). 47 pairs of legs, body length 13 mm, maximum body width 0.5 mm. Colour (of preserved specimen in alcohol) yellowish, forcipular segment darker (pale ochreous). Antennae ca. 2.7 times longer than the cephalic plate, distally attenuate, all articles (except the first) longer than wide. Setae on a.a. I-V of different lengths and few in num­ber, those of remaining articles progressively shorter and more numerous towards the tip of the appendage (fig. I ). Terminal a.a. with ca. 16 claviform sensory setae on the external border and ca. 10 on the internal border (Fig. 2). Distal end of this a.a. with ca. 3 very small specialised setae which at the light microscope look as in fig. 2. Dorsal and v. surface of a.a. II, V, IX and XIII with very small specialised setae. On the v. side these setae are restric­ted to an internal latero-apical area and occur in two different types: a and b. Type a setae are very thin and not divided apically, type b setae are thicker than type a and have two tiny apical branches (a, h; figs. 3, 5). Antenna! article II with I type b seta; a.a. V, IX (fig. 5) and XIII (fig. 3) with I type a and I type b setae. Specialised setae on d. side restricted to an external latero-apical area, of three different types: a and b similar to a and b of v. side, type c setae similar to type b but much smaller and having basally, still within the a.a., a small dark 'root' something between half sphaere and half ovoid in shape (a, b, c; figs. 4, 6). Antenna! articles II and V with 1 type a and 1 type h setae; a.a. IX (fig. 6) with I type a, 2 type b and I type c setae and a.a. XIII (fig. 4) with 1 type a, 3-4 type h and l type c setae. Cephalic plate nearly rectangular but sides curved, distinctly longer than wide (ratio 1.5: 1), shape and chaetotaxy as in fig. 7. Clypeus with 2 setae located on the Clypeal area; middle part with 2+2 big setae and 1 + l very small ones (fig. 8). Surface of clypeal area not reticulated, hyaline and very finely grained (fig. 9). Labrum: mid-piece well developed and sclerotised, with ca. 6 short and round poin-The u·ue identity of Geophilus tropicus Brolemann 5 F1gs. 3-6 0.05� 7 Figs. 1-6 - Ribautia ( Rihautia) lropica (Brolemann, 1898). 2 specimen B (Venezuela : Caracas). 1: r. antenna, v.; 2: distal portion of l.a. a. XIV, v.; 3: r.a. a. Xlll, v.; 4: r.a. a. XIII, d.; 5: r.a.a. IX, v.; 6: r.a. a. IX, d.; a, b, c: a, b, c type setae. ted teeth on the middle and 3+4 long hyaline filaments on both sides. Side-pieces with 5+4 long hyaline filaments (fig. I 0). Mandible: pectinate lamella with ca. 16 hyaline teeth. First maxillae without palps on coxosternum and telopodites (fig. 12). Coxosternum without setae; median projections of coxosternum subtriangular, well developed and pro­vided with 5+5 setae of different lengths. Article II of lelopodite with 3+4 v. setae and 2+3 d. sensilla (figs. 1 1- 12). 8 B Fig. 10 ""0.0::.::5__.,m,...m__ / F ig. 11 "-"0.2'-'m""m.______ ! PEREIRA, MINELLI & fODDAI � _ _/�= Fig. 12 :e.:.D -.c..c1 m:."'m,___ ___ ' I , rJ .�'• FF''99  1314 005mm i --(/ � �- --"' ;· /' i \ '\ ;--�---- --� .. / .. -- ;1\ ) I I /'. L .. __:r f---� �- I \j �-_/ \ � \ i : I I . I ___ --�� ___ I -- ..1--·-·- ---- --- -;----- ----�--- - ---- i __ 12 13 14 Figs. 7-14- Ribautia ( Ribautia) tropica (Brolemann, 1898). '? specimen B (Venezuela: Caracas). 7: cephalic shield; 8: clypeus and bases of antennae; 9: cly peal area; I 0: labrum; 11: first and second maxillae, v.; 12: first maxillae, d.; 13: telopodite of l. second maxilla, d.; 14: the same, v. Second maxillae: the coxites bearing 7+6 setae are joined medially only by a non­areolate membranous isthmus (fig. 1 1). Chaetotaxy of telopodites represented by setae of different thickness as shown in figs. 13- 14. Forcipulae: when closed telopodites reach the level of the anterior margin of the head or slightly project beyond. Basal plate with an irregular transverse row of 4 large setae near The true identity of Geophilus tropicus BrOlemann 15 Fig. 15 0.::..:·.::...3 ..c.crn.c...m ____ _ Figs. 16-17 0.1 mm 16 0.01 mm �J �0-�2 �m�m�----- - - 1 0.05mm � � • \ \ I li ., I /a '-....,_) __j - - -----L--1 7 9 Figs. 15-20 - Ribautia ( Ribautia) tropica (Brolemann, 1898). 2 specimen B (Venezuela: Caracas). 15 : forcipular segment with poison claws, v.; 16 : distal portion of r. forcipular telopodite, v.; 17: the same, d. ; 18: detail of caly x of r. poison gland, v.; 19: I. leg XV, v.; 20: claw of I. leg XLVI, v. 10 ' '  'K���� ,, A I o�oooo� J' ? I -'/----� �.:: : . I · 23 '--"' -r' 25 PEREIRA, MINELLI & FODDAl ; ' . \ I (:�:�-�:.�� � T �-'"',��,1 24 0.2 mm 27 26 Figs. 21-27 - Ribautia (Ribautia) tropica (Brolemann, 1898). <? specimen B (Venezuela: Caracas): sterna II, VI,  XIV, XV, XLIV, XLV, XLVI. the posterior margin and few additional smaller setae dispersed on the remaining surface. Telopodites: trochanteropraefemur apically with a conspicuous subtriangular and deeply pigmented tooth on the medial edge; proximally there is a round pointed projection without pigmentation. Femur and tibia without teeth. Tarsungulum basally with a well developed and deeply pigmented tooth, ungular blade with d. and v. edges not serrulate and extended proximally as indicated in "a", figs. 16-17. Calyx of poison gland as in figs. 16, 18; chae-The true identity of Geophilus tropicus Brolemann l l  Figs. 28-29 - Ribautia ( Ribautia) tropica (Brolemann, 1898). 2 specimen B (Venezuela: Caracas). 28: last leg-bearing segment and terminal segments, d. ; 29: the same, v. totaxy of coxosternum and telopodites as in fig. 15. Legs (last pair excepted) with chaetotaxy (fig. 19) uniform throughout the body length. Claws ventrobasally with one anterior and one posterior spine (fig. 20). Sterna: pore fields present from the second to the penultimate sternum. Fields undi­vided on sterna II to XIV and XLV to XLVI, but divided in two subsymmetrical areas on sterna XV to XLIV. Form of fields changing along the trunk as in figs. 21-27. Number of pores on selected sterna: on sternum II, 27 pores; on V I, 48; on XIV, 40; on XV, 23+21; on XLIV, 19+18; on XLV, 40; on XLVI, 38. Last leg-bearing segment without pleurites at the sides of praetergum. Praesternum not divided along the sagittal plane; form and chaetotaxy of sternum and tergum as in figs. 28-29. Coxopleura protruding at their distal v. ends, setae small and numerous on distal internal edge, the remaining surface with few larger setae. Coxopleura with 5+6 single coxal organs opening independently on the membrane between coxopleuron and sternum 12 PEREIRA, MINELLI & fODDAI and covered by the latter (fig. 29). Last legs with seven podomeres, shape and chaetotaxy as in figs. 28-29. Praetarsus unguiform, relatively smaller than those of the preceding legs. Terminal segments: intermediate tergum with posterior margin convex, intermedia­te sternum seemingly covered by the sternum of the last leg-bearing segment, first genital sternum as in fig. 29. Anal organs present. o: unknown. REMARKS. Brolemann (1898: 254) said of the specimens he studied: "Tres petit (peut etre s'agit-il dejeunes)". This was repeated by Attems ( 1929: 177) who said: :'juv.?". R. tropi­ca is, in fact, a small species, because the type specimens are two adult females with sper­matecae full of spermatozoa (at the level of segments 41-43 in both specimens) and also mature ova. LIST OF THE NEOTROPICAL SPECIES OF RIBAUTIA BROLEMANN, 1909 Genus Ribautia Brolemann, 1909 Subgenus Ribautia Brblemann, 1909 - R. (R.) bouvieri Brolemann, 1909 (Brazil) (Brolemann, 1909b: 421) - R. ( R.) ducal is Pereira, Minelli & Barbieri, 1995 (Brazil) (Pereira, Minelli & Barbieri, 1995: 329) - R. (R.)fuhrmanni Ribaut, 19 12 (Colombia) (Ribaut, 1912: 79) - R. (R.) pacifica Kraus, 1954 (Peru) (Kraus, 1954: 3 14) - R. (R.) proxima Pereira, Minelli & Barbieri, 1995 (Brazil) (Pereira, Minelli & Barbieri, 1995: 33 1) - R 'r Chamberlin, 1957 (Ecuador) (Chamberlin, 1957: 26) - H. !R i' I·' '"'· j(> • (Peru) (Kraus, 1954: 3 13) - R. (1<.} Iropica (Brolemann, 1898) (Venezuela) (Brolemann, 1898: 254, Geophilus) - R. (R.) vivasberthieri Chamberlin, 1941 (Venezuela) (Chamberlin, 1941: 141) subgenus Schizoribautia Brolemann, 1912 - R. (S.) andecola Kraus, 1954 (Peru) (Kraus, 1954: 3 16) - R. (S.) carpisha (Chamberlin, 1957) (Peru) (Chamberlin, 1957: 28, Schizoribautia) - R. (S.) centra/is (Silvestri, 1907) (Brazil, Colombia) (Silvestri, 1907: 256, Eurytion) - R. (S.) colcabensis Kraus, 1957 (Peru) (Kraus, 1957: 373) - R. ( S.) difficilis Pereira, Minelli & Barbieri, 1995 (Brazil) (Pereira, Minelli & Barbieri, 1995: 333) - R. (S.)junina (Chamberlin, 1957) (Peru) (Chamberlin, 1957: 29, Schizoribautia) - R. (S.) limaensis Kraus, 1957 (Peru) (Kraus, 1957: 376) - R. (S.) montana Kraus, 1954 (Peru) (Kraus, 1954: 3 15) - R. (S.) peruana Verhoeff, 1941 (Peru) (Verhoeff, 1941: 7 1) - R. (S.) phana (Chamberlin, 1955-56)(Peru) (Chamberlin, 1955-56: 16, Polygonarea (Nearia)) - R. ( S.) seydi Ribaut, 1923 (Peru) (Ribaut, 1923: 7 1) - R. (S.) titicacae (Turk, 1955) (Peru) (Turk, 1955: 487, Schizoribautia) b ody length (mm) pairs of legs: male· pairs of legs: female ventral pore fields series along the whole trunk length pore field on sternum I pore fields at midbody length divided in two areas number of coxal organs f-ducal is 14 41 41, 43 y es no y es 3+3 last leg praetarsus I tubercle-like tropica 14 ? 47 y es no y es ca. 5+6 unguiform bouvieri proxima 1 fuhrmanni 33 43 53 ----+-------+----73 ? y es y es no (all pores undivided) ca. 8+8 73, 75, 77 75, 77, 79 y es no no (all pores undivided) ca. 10+10 tubercle-like I tubercle-like 53 53, 69 y es no y es ca. 5 to 7 + 5 to 7 unguiform pacifica 41 ? 65 y es no no (all pores undivided) ? unguiform rossi I vivasberthieri 22 21 ? (47 - sex unknown) 49 no: ? on anterior sterna only ' no y es no ? (all pores undivided) 3+3 several unguiform? ? TABLE I -A matrix of diagnostic characters for the Neotropical species of Ribautia (Ribautia) (Data on R. (R.)fuhrmani, R. (R.) pacifica, R. (R.) rossi and R. (R.) vivasberthieri are taken from the literature). ;l (1) 2 (1) � Q· 0 """ C'l "' -% � 12 "' 2 "" c:;· :::: "' IJj 8: " 3 � :::> VJ 14 PEREIRA, MINELLI & FODDAI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We are indebted towards Dr. J-P. Mauries and Dr. J.-M. Demange of the Museum National d'H.istoire Nature lie of Paris (MNHN) for the access to relevant specimens and for the hospitality in their labora­tory during this study. This paper has been supported by financial help from the Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle to L.A. Pereira and by grants of the Italian C.N.R. and M.U.R.S.T. to A. Minelli. REFERENCES AT EMS C., 1929 - Myriapoda I. Geophilomorpha. Das Tierreich, 52, Berlin & Leipzig, pp. XXIII+388. BROLEMANN H. W., 1898 -Voyage de M.E. Simon au Venezuela. Annales de Ia Societe Entomologique de France, 67: 241-313. BROLEMANN H.W., 1909a -A propos d'un systeme des Geophilomorphes. Archives de Zoo Iogie expe­rimentale et generate, ser. 5, 3: 303-340. BROLEMANN H.W., l 909b - Quelques geophilides des collections du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle. Bulletin du Museum Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 7: 415-431. CHAMBERLIN R. V., 1941 -On a collection of Myriapods from Venezuela. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 54: 137-142. CHAMBERLIN R.Y., 1955-56 - Reports of the Lund University Chile Expedition 1948-49. 18. The Chilopoda of the Lund University and California Academy of Sciences expeditions. Lunds Universitets Arksskrift N.F. Avd. 2, 51 (5) I Kung!. Fysiografiska S:'Hlskapets Handlingar., N.F., 66(5): 3-61. CHAMBERLIN R.V., 1957 - Geophiloid chilopods taken in the Northern Andes in 1954-1955. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 70: 21-30. KRAUS 0., 1954 - Myriapoden aus Peru, 1. Senckenbergiana, 34(4/6): 311-323. KRAUS 0., 1957 - Myriapoden aus Peru, V I: Chilopoden. Senckenbergiana biologica, 38(5/6): 359-404. PEREIRA L.A., MINELLI A. & BARBIERI F., 1995 - Description of nine new centipede species from Amazonia and related matters on Neotropical geophilomorphs (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha). Amazoniana, 13(3/4 ): 325-416. RIBAUT H., 1912 - Contribution a !'etude des Chilopodes de Colombie (0. Furmann et Eug. Mayor. Voyage d' exploration scientifique en Colombie). Memoires de Ia Societe neuchateloise de Sciepces naturelles, 5: 67-95. RIBAUT H., 1923 - Chilopodes de Ia Nouvelle Caledonie et des lies Loyalty. In: SARASIN, F. & Roux J. (eds.): Nova Caledonia, Forschungen in Neu-Caledonien und auf den Loyalty-Inseln. A. Zool., 3 (1): 1-79. SILVESTRI F., 1907 - Neue und wenig bekannte Myriopoden des naturhistorischen Museums in Hamburg. Jahresberichten der wissenschaftlichen Anst. Hamburg, 24 (1906), Beiheft 2: 229-257. TURK F. A., 1955 -The Chilopods of Peru with descriptions of new species and some zoogeographi­cal notes on the Peruvian Chilopod Fauna. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 125 (3-4): 469-504. VERHOEFF K., 1941 - Chilopoden und Diplopoden. In: TITSCHACK, E. (ed.): Beitrage zur Fauna Perus. Hamburg, I (2): 5-80. Authors' address: L. A. Pereira, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s.n. - 1900 La Plata (R. Argentina). A. Minelli and D. Foddai, Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Via Trieste 75 - I 35121 Padova (Italy). 

On the true identity of Geophilus tropicus Brölemann, 1898, a geophilid species from Venezuela (Chilopoda Geophilomorpha Geophilidae)

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